络泰对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的:观察络泰对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用并探讨其可能机制.方法:将大鼠随机分成六组:假手术组、模型组、络泰5 mg/kg组、50 mg/kg组、100 mg/kg组和阳性对照复方丹参注射液组,应用线栓法制备大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注模型(MCAO),观察缺血2 h再灌注24 h后络泰对大鼠行为、脑梗死面积、脑含水量的影响,用放免法测定血浆中TXB2(血栓素B2)和 6-Keto-PGF1α(6-酮-前列腺素F1α)的水平.结果:络泰50 mg/kg组、100 mg/kg组能明显改善MCAO大鼠行为障碍、脑梗死范围、脑含水量.大鼠血浆的TXB2含量及TXB2/6-Keto-PGF1α(T/P)值较模型组明显降低(P<0.05),6-Keto-PGF1α含量显著增高(P<0.05).结论:络泰能通过降低血栓素A2(TXA2),升高PGI2,使TXA2/PGI2比值降低,达到对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用.     

消栓饮对创伤性肢体深静脉血栓大鼠血浆TXB2/6-Keto-PGF1α的影响

目的 观察消栓饮对大鼠下肢深静脉血栓治疗前后血浆血栓素B2(TXB2)、6-酮-前列腺素F1α(6-Keto-PGF1α)的影响.方法 选用雄性SD大鼠40只,10只为假手术组(A组),30只建立深静脉血栓形成的动物模型.将造模成功的大鼠随机分为3组:蒸馏水组(B组)、低分子肝素钠组(C组)、消栓饮组(D组).用药7d后,观察用药前后各组大鼠血清TXB2及6-Keto-PGF1α的变化.结果 用药7d后,消栓饮与低分子肝素钠治疗均可降低TXB2水平,升高6-Keto-PGF1α水平,使TXB2/6-Keto-PGF1α比值接近正常,与B组比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而C组与D组数据比较均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 消栓饮可有效纠正血栓形成后血液中TXB2/6-Keto-PGF1α的平衡失调,是治疗DVT的有效作用机制之一,可能与低分子肝素钠相似.     

银杏叶提取物对高脂血大鼠血浆中TXB2和6-Keto-PGF1α水平的影响

目的 探讨银杏叶提取物对高脂血大鼠血浆中血栓烷B2(TXB2)和6-酮-前列腺素F1α(6-Keto-PGF1α)的影响机理.方法 将40只SD大鼠随机分为两组,对照组喂养高脂饲料28 d,形成高脂血大鼠实验动物模型,实验组喂养高脂饲料10 d后,改喂含银杏叶提取物的高脂饲料18 d,测定两组大鼠血浆中血栓烷B2(TXB2)和6-酮-前列腺素F1α(6-Keto-PGF1α)的含量.结果 实验组大鼠血浆中TXB2显著低于对照组(P＜0.01),而6-Keto-PGF1α显著高于对照组(P＜0.01).结论 银杏叶提取物具有较强的抑制血小板活化和抗血栓形成的作用,能为其降血脂的作用机理提供依据.     

电针内关对急性心肌缺血家兔血浆中内皮素、血栓烷素B2和6-酮-前列腺素的影响

目的观察电针双侧内关对急性心肌缺血家兔血浆中内皮素(ET)、血栓烷素B2(TXB2)和6-酮-前列腺素(6-Keto-PGF1α)含量的影响.方法结扎左冠状动脉前降支造成急性心肌缺血模型,采用放免技术,检测急性心肌缺血家兔血浆中ET、TXB2和6-Keto-PGF1α的含量.结果与假手术组相比,模型组血浆中ET、TXB2含量显著升高(P<0.05),而6-Keto-PGF1α含量则下降(P<0.05),T/K(TXB2/6-Keto-PGF1α)比值显著上升(P<0.05).且模型组血浆ET的浓度的升高与T/K比值呈良好的正相关(r=0.768,P<0.05).电针内关后可使家兔血浆中ET、TXB2含量显著下降(P<0.05),而6-Keto-PGF1α含量显著上升(P<0.05),而T/K比值显著下降(P<0.05).结论电针内关可以调节血浆中ET、TXB2、6-Keto-PGF1α的含量,且能使T/K比值趋于正常,改善缺血心肌组织的损伤,这可能是针灸发挥治疗作用的重要机制之一.     

益气化痰祛瘀方对冠心病大鼠6-酮前列腺素F1α和血栓素B2的影响

目的：观察益气化痰祛瘀方对冠心病大鼠血浆6-酮前列腺素F1α（6-Keto-PGF1α）和血栓素B2（TXB2）的影响,以探讨其治疗冠心病的作用机制。方法：采用喂饲高脂饲料和腹腔注射脑垂体后叶素的方法复制冠心病大鼠模型,实验分组为正常组、模型组、复方丹参滴丸对照组、益气化痰祛瘀方高、低剂量组,施加相应药物干预后,测定各组大鼠血浆6-Keto-PGF1α和TXB2含量。结果：模型组大鼠6-Keto-PGF1α含量明显降低（P〈0.01）,TXB2含量明显升高（P〈0.01）;与模型组比较,各用药组大鼠6-Keto-PGF1α含量明显升高（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）,TXB2含量明显降低（P〈0.01）;高、低剂量组在升高6-Keto-PGF1α和降低TXB2含量方面均优于对照组（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。结论：益气化痰祛瘀方可能通过升高6-Keto-PGF1α含量、降低TXB2含量,调节6-Keto-PGF1α与TXB2的平衡状态,恢复血管内皮的正常结构及功能,以达到治疗冠心病的目的。     

氢化可的松治疗重症急性胰腺炎的实验研究

目的探讨氢化可的松对重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)的治疗作用及作用机制.方法 54只健康SD大鼠随机分为3组:假手术(SO)组、SAP组及氢化可的松治疗组.采用经十二指肠胰胆管逆行注射5%牛磺胆酸钠诱导大鼠SAP模型.氢化可的松治疗组于模型制作成功后10 min给予舌下静脉注射氢化可的松(10 mg/kg).各组于术后3 h、6 h和12 h分批处死动物,观察各组大鼠血浆淀粉酶、TNF-α、IL-6、血栓素B2(TXB2)、6-酮前列腺素F1α(6-Keto-PGF1α)、TXB2/6-Keto-PGF1α比值、胰腺及肺组织病理变化、组织髓过氧化物酶(MPO)及肺湿干比值的变化.结果 SAP组血浆淀粉酶、TNF-α、IL-6、TXB2、TXB2/6-Keto-PGF1α比值、胰腺及肺组织MPO均较SO组明显升高(P＜0.05),6 h、12 h肺湿干比值较SO组明显升高(P＜0.05),氢化可的松治疗组血浆淀粉酶、TNF-α、IL-6、TXB2、TXB2/6-Keto-PGF1α比值、肺组织MPO均较SAP组显著降低(P＜0.05),6 h、12 h肺湿干比值较SAP组明显降低(P＜0.05),肺组织病理损伤较SAP组明显减轻.结论氢化可的松可减少TXA2、TNF-α、IL-6等炎症因子的产生等从而对SAP具有重要的治疗保护作用.     

冠心病患者血清血栓素B2、6-酮-前列腺素F1α和前列腺素E2的测定及其意义

目的探讨冠心病(CHD)患者血清血栓素B2(TXB2)、6-酮-前列腺素F1α(6-Keto-PGF1α)和前列腺素E2(PGE2)水平的变化及其临床意义.方法采用放射免疫法测定了88例CHD患者和30例非冠心病患者的血清TXB2、6-Keto-PGF1α和PGE2水平,进行对照分析.结果CHD组血清TXB2和PGE2水平高于对照组(P＜0.01),6-keto-PGF1α水平低于对照组(P＜0.01).合并急性心肌梗死(AMI)组血清TXB2和PGE2水平高于无合并组(P＜0.01),6-keto-PGF1α水平低于无合并组(P＞0.01).出现心力衰竭(CHF)组血清TxB2水平高于无CHF组(P＜0.01),6-keto-PGF1α水平低于无CHF组(P＜0.01),PGE2与无CHF组差异无显著性意义(P＞0.05).住院死亡组血清TxB2水平高于好转出院组(P＜0.01),6-keto-PGF1α水平低于好转出院组(P＜0.01),PGE2差异无显著性意义(P＞0.05).结论测定血清TXB2、6-keto-PGF1α和PGE2的变化,有助于研究CHD患者的病理机制、病情进展和预后.     

消栓饮对创伤性肢体深静脉血栓大鼠血浆TXB_2/6-Keto-PGF_(1α)的影响

目的观察消栓饮对大鼠下肢深静脉血栓治疗前后血浆血栓素B2(TXB2)、6-酮-前列腺素F1α(6-Keto-PGF1α)的影响。方法选用雄性SD大鼠40只,10只为假手术组(A组),30只建立深静脉血栓形成的动物模型。将造模成功的大鼠随机分为3组:蒸馏水组(B组)、低分子肝素钠组(C组)、消栓饮组(D组)。用药7 d后,观察用药前后各组大鼠血清TXB2及6-Keto-PGF1α的变化。结果用药7 d后,消栓饮与低分子肝素钠治疗均可降低TXB2水平,升高6-Keto-PGF1α水平,使TXB2/6-Keto-PGF1α比值接近正常,与B组比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),而C组与D组数据比较均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论消栓饮可有效纠正血栓形成后血液中TXB2/6-Keto-PGF1α的平衡失调,是治疗DVT的有效作用机制之一,可能与低分子肝素钠相似。     

糖尿病大鼠股骨头缺血性坏死血浆ET-1、PGE2、TXB2、6-Keto-PGF1α的变化

目的 观察糖尿病（DM）大鼠股骨头缺血性坏死（ANFH）血浆内皮素（ET-1）、前列腺素E2（PGE2）、血栓素B2（TXB2）、6-酮-前列腺素F1α（6-Keto-PGF1α）水平的变化，分析其在ANFH发病机制中的作用。方法 SD大鼠腹腔内注射链脲佐菌素（STZ）60mg／kg建立速发型STZ-DM模型，测定DM大鼠及对照大鼠血浆ET-1、PGE2、TXB2及6-Keto-PGF1α水平，观察股骨头病理学变化。结果 DM组与对照组比较，ET-1、PGE2、TXB2水平以及TXB2/6-Keto-PGF1α（T／K）比值均有显著升高，而6-Keto-PGF1α水平显著降低。结论 血浆ET-1、PGE2、TXB2以及T／K值的平衡失调可能参与并促使DM大鼠股骨头发生微血管病变，最终导致缺血坏死。     

肺血栓栓塞症中细胞因子的变化及当归注射液对其的影响

目的 观察内皮素-1(ET-1)、环氧合酶-2(COX-2)在肺内的表达及血浆中血栓烷素B2(TXB2)和6-酮-前列腺素F1α(6-K-PGF1α)的比值(T/P)变化,并探讨当归注射液对其影响.方法 采用自体血栓回输法建立动物模型,将SD大鼠随机分为正常组、肺血栓栓塞症(PTE)模型组和当归治疗组.行常规病理检查,免疫组化法检测肺内ET-1、COX-2蛋白表达水平,放射免疫法测定血浆TXB2、6-K-PGF1α浓度变化.结果 PTE模型组肺组织炎症损伤明显,当归治疗组损伤较轻.ET-1、COX-2蛋白表达水平:PTE模型组较正常组高(P＜0.05);当归治疗组较PTE模型组低(P＜0.05).放免检测T/P:PTE模型组明显较正常组高(P＜0.05);当归治疗后组T/P与正常组间差异无显著性(P＞0.05).结论 当归辅助治疗可明显减少急性肺血栓栓塞症大鼠ET-1、COX-2的表达,调节T/P比例,改善病情.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.