A comparison of the effects of 0.005% latanoprost and fixed combination dorzolamide/timolol on retrobulbar haemodynamics in previously untreated glaucoma patients

ABSTRACT

Objective:?To assess the effects of dorzolamide/timolol fixed combination (DTFC) and latanoprost 0.005% on the retrobulbar haemodynamics and intraocular pressure (IOP) of open-angle glaucoma patients.

Methods:?22 consecutive subjects with newly diagnosed, open-angle glaucoma were included in this prospective, examiner masked, randomized, crossover study. The patients were randomized into two different arms. Peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), Pourcelot's resistance index (RI) and intraocular pressure (IOP) were determined at baseline and after 1 month of medical treatment with DTFC or latanoprost 0.005% in both groups. A 4‐week washout period, without medical treatment, between study arms was carried out. Primary efficacy variables were the PSV, EDV and RI in the ophthalmic artery (OA) and short posterior ciliary artery (SPCA) and intraocular pressure (IOP). Inter- and intra-group comparisons were performed with a one-way ANOVA test and two-tailed paired Student's t-test respectively.

Results:?Intraocular pressure (IOP) and colour Doppler imaging (CDI) measurements were similar at baseline. Compared to baseline and washout measurements, only the fixed combination dorzolamide/timolol significantly increased the EDV in the OA and in the SPCA, p = 0.00012 and p = 0.00012, respectively and decreased the resistance index in the ophthalmic and short posterior ciliary arteries, p = 0.00011 and p = 0.00031, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in the IOP lowering effect of either treatment.

Conclusion:?Over a treatment period of 1 month, only the fixed combination dorzolamide/timolol seems to have a vascular effect on retrobulbar vessels. Further research is necessary to confirm these results.     

不同手术方式治疗青光眼合并白内障患者的疗效比较

目的 对比分析不同手术方式治疗青光眼合并白内障患者的疗效。方法 回顾性分析60例(65眼)青光眼合并白内障且分别行单切口(白内障小切口摘除+人工晶体植入+小梁切除术)和双切口(白内障超声乳化吸出+人工晶体植入+小梁切除术)治疗的患者临床资料,比较两种手术方式对患者术后的眼压、视力和并发症的影响。结果 所有患者术后眼压较术前明显降低(P<0.05),视力明显改善(P<0.05);两种手术方式对视力、眼压的影响差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),单切口组术后前房炎性反应高于双切口组。结论 单切口与双切口两种手术方式均能良好的控制眼压和改善视力,对患者术后的视力和眼压没有影响,但双切口术后并发症较单切口少。     

Monitoring adherence rates in glaucoma patients using the Travatan Dosing Aid. A 6-month study comparing patients on travoprost 0.004% and patients on travoprost 0.004%/timolol 0.5% fixed combination

Objective: To assess adherence in glaucoma patients using the Travatan Dosing Aid (TDA); to record differences in adherence by age, sex, therapy, systemic therapies, years from diagnosis, type of therapy and intraocular pressure (IOP).

Research Design and Methods: Sixth-month cohort study; fifty-six Caucasian, primary open-angle glaucoma patients on travoprost (T) or travoprost/timolol fixed combination (TTFC) monotherapy were submitted to four visits: at baseline and months 1, 3 and 6 (M1, M3, M6). Adherence was recorded with TDA and classified as ‘high’ if greater than 90%. Self-reported and physician-presumed adherence data were collected. Kruskall-Wallis and Fisher's exact tests were applied.

Results: Thirty-two patients (54.2%) were treated with T. Age, sex, level of schooling, presence of systemic comorbidities, duration of current therapy and IOP were similar between T and TTFC. Seventeen subjects (30.3%) recorded high adherence at every visit, 13 (23.2%) at two visits, 26 (46.4%) otherwise. Adherence was maintained over time with a slight decrease from month 1 to month 6 without statistical differences within and between groups. Adherence was statistically influenced by age (p = 0.007) and duration of therapy (p = 0.004).

Conclusion: The typical nonadherent patient is elderly. TDA records indicate that only a minority of patients are really adherent: predictive models to screen for poor adherence are needed.     

Comparison of the safety and efficacy of loteprednol 0.5%/tobramycin 0.3% withdexamethasone 0.1%/tobramycin0.3% in the treatment of blepharokeratoconjunctivitis

ABSTRACT

Objective: This study compared the safety and efficacy of loteprednol etabonate 0.5%/tobramycin 0.3% (LE/T; Zylet) with dexamethasone 0.1%/tobramycin 0.3% (DM/T; Tobradex) in the treatment of ocular inflammation associated with blepharokeratoconjunctivitis.

Research design and methods: This was a multicenter, randomized, investigator-masked, parallel-group study. Subjects with clinically diagnosed blepharokeratoconjunctivitis in at least one eye were randomized to LE/T (n?=?138) or DM/T (n?=?138) administered four times per day, for 14 days. The primary efficacy endpoint was the change from baseline to Day 15 (± 1?day) in the signs and symptoms composite score using a non-inferiority metric to compare LE/T to DM/T. Safety endpoints included visual acuity (VA), biomicroscopy, intraocular pressure (IOP) assessments, and adverse events.

Results: At Day 15, the mean (SD) change from baseline in the signs and symptoms composite score was ?15.2 (7.3) for LE/T-treated subjects and ?15.6 (7.7) for DM/T-treated subjects. The upper bound of the 90% confidence interval for the difference in change from baseline was less than the non-inferiority margin not only at Day 15 but also at Day 7 and Day 3 for both the intent-to-treat and per protocol populations. Subjects treated with DM/T experienced a significant increase in IOP versus those treated with LE/T at Day 7, Day 15, and overall (mean [SD] of 0.6 [2.3] vs, ?0.1 [2.2], p?=?0.03, 1.0 [3.0] vs. ?0.1 [2.4], p?=?0.01, and 2.3 [2.3] vs. 1.6 [1.7], p?=?0.02, respectively).

Conclusions: LE/T satisfied the condition of non-inferiority to DM/T in decreasing the signs and symptoms of ocular inflammation associated with blepharokeratoconjunctivitis. Subjects treated with DM/T experienced more of an increase in IOP.

Limitation: Although the single-masked design of this study could be considered a limitation, care was taken to ensure that the investigator was masked.     

清肝降压胶囊联合他氟前列素滴眼液治疗开角型青光眼的疗效观察

目的 探讨清肝降压胶囊联合他氟前列素滴眼液治疗开角型青光眼的临床疗效.方法 选取2019年1月—2020年8月洛阳市第三人民医院收治的94例开角型青光眼患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将94例患者分为对照组和治疗组,每组各47例.对照组给予他氟前列素滴眼液,1滴/次,1次/d.治疗组在对照组基础上口服清肝降压胶囊,3...     

Brimonidine-purite 0.1% versus brimonidine-purite 0.15% twice daily in glaucoma or ocular hypertension: a 12-month randomized trial*

ABSTRACT

Objective: To compare the safety and intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering effects of brimonidine-purite^? 0.1% with the marketed formulation of brimonidine-purite 0.15% (Alphagan P^§ 0.15%) when used twice daily (BID) by patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension previously treated with brimonidine-purite 0.15% for at least 6 weeks.

Methods: In a 12-month, randomized, double-masked, multicenter, parallel group, non-inferiority study, patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension who were treated with brimonidine-purite 0.15% BID were randomly assigned to continue brimonidine-purite 0.15% (n = 102) or to administer brimonidine-purite 0.1% (n = 105) BID for 12 months. IOP was measured at approximately 8 a.m. (hour 0) and 10 a.m. (hour 2).

Main outcome measures: Mean change from baseline IOP and adverse events.

Results: Demographics and baseline characteristics were similar between treatment groups. Treated-baseline mean IOPs at both timepoints were similar between groups (p ≥ 0.606). Brimonidine-purite 0.1% provided IOP-lowering that was non-inferior to brimonidine-purite 0.15% at each of the 12 follow-up timepoints, and there were no statistically significant between-group differences at any timepoint. The most commonly reported adverse event was conjunctival hyperemia (13.5% for brimonidine-purite 0.1%; 10.8% for brimonidine-purite 0.15%). No significant differences in the incidence of adverse events were noted between the two formulations.

Conclusions: Brimonidine-purite 0.1% BID is as effective as brimonidine-purite 0.15% BID in lowering IOP in patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension who were previously treated with brimonidine-purite 0.15%, and both formulations are well tolerated. Limitations of the study include enrollment of only patients who were already on treatment with brimonidine-purite 0.15%. The 0.1% formulation of brimonidine-purite allows for decreased exposure to brimonidine while providing an IOP-lowering effect comparable to that of the 0.15% formulation. Clinical trial registered at clinicaltrials.gov; identifier: NCT00168363.     

Clinical safety of ranibizumab in age-related macular degeneration

Importance of the field: Clinical safety of pharmaceutical products in the elderly is vital because of their increased risk of cardiac and other adverse events.

Areas covered in this review: Search of the Medline database, including articles and abstracts from 1984 to 2009.

What the reader will gain: Knowledge of ocular and systemic risks: The rate of endophthalmitis was 0.05% per injection (MARINA) and <0.1% per injection (ANCHOR), rates confirmed in a retrospective analysis of 14,320 injections. Moderate increases in intraocular pressure were transient, and incidences of intraocular inflammation were rarely serious. Systemic arterial thromboembolic events occurred in 4.6 and 0% of ranibizumab-treated patients and in 3.8 and 0% of sham-treated patients in MARINA (2 years) and PIER (1 year), respectively. In SAILOR, there was a numerically higher rate of cerebrovascular stroke with 0.5 mg ranibizumab compared with 0.3 mg ranibizumab (1.2 vs 0.7%), which was a non-statistically significant trend in patients with a history of stroke.

Take home message: Although further studies to investigate the risk of stroke with ranibizumab therapy are required, repeated intravitreal ranibizumab was well tolerated and not associated with clinically significant safety risks during up to 2 years of treatment.     

Preservative-free versus preserved brimonidine %0.15 preparations in the treatment of glaucoma and ocular hypertension: short term evaluation of efficacy,safety, and potential advantages

Abstract

Purpose: To compare the efficacy, safety, and potential advantages of the preservative-free versus preserved brimonidine %0.15 preparations in patients with primer open-angle glaucoma (POAG) or ocular hypertension (OHT).

Methods: Forty-two eyes of the 21 treatment-naive patients with POAG or OHT were enrolled in this study. Eyes were randomly assigned to receive brimonidine-purite 0.15% or preservative-free brimonidine 0.15% two times daily. Efficacy of the two eye drops was assessed by measuring the intraocular pressure (IOP) at 9–10 am at baseline and week 4. Safety and potential advantages of the drops were evaluated at weeks 4 in terms of ocular symptoms and tear parameters. Ocular symptom values of the patients were evaluated with a scale of 0–4 (0?=?no discomfort and 4?=?severe discomfort).

Results: Both of the brimonidine tartrate formulations resulted in statistically similar IOP reduction (preserved formulation; ?5.2?mmHg [22.9% reduction] preservative-free formulation; ?5.7?mmHg [24.1% reduction], p?=?0.37). It was found that brimonidine tartrate formulations with and without topical preservatives did not produce a statistically significant difference in pain, stinging, and blurred vision at the upon instillation (p?>?0.05). However, the burning sensation was significantly higher in the preservative-free formulation at the first instillation compared to the preserved formulation (p?=?0.01). Also, there was no statistically significant difference between the two formulations in terms of symptoms (itching, burning, tearing, stinging, and photophobia) and tear parameters during the day (p?>?0.05).

Conclusions: Although topical preservative-free brimonidine tartrate treated eyes had a more burning sensation at the first drop, the two formulations were similar in terms of ocular tolerability in the short term period. Also, both formulations were found to reduce IOP at a similar rate.     

Effects of Topical alpha-Substituted Anandamides on Intraocular Pressure in Normotensive Rabbits

Purpose. Anandamides have been observed to lower intraocular pressure in the rabbit eye, preceded by a period of hypertension. Amidases are thought to catabolize these compounds into their component parts, including arachidonic acid. Direct application of arachidonic acid has been observed to cause a marked rise of intraocular pressure. Thus, anandamide analogs resistant to catabolism were thought possibly devoid of this initial hypertension, and their effects on rabbit IOP investigated. Methods. A series of chiral alpha-substituted anandamides were synthesized and studied for their effect on the intraocular pressure (IOP) of normotensive pigmented rabbits. Each test compound was dissolved in an aqueous 2-hydroxypropyl--cyclodextrin solution (containing 3% polyvinyl alcohol) and administered (62.5 g) unilaterally to the eye. Results. The most promising compounds caused a statistically significant reduction of IOP (vs. vehicle) in the treated eyes. Of these, the R-alpha-isopropyl compound exhibited the best activity tested. Unlike the alpha-unsubstituted analogs previously studied, hypotensive effects were not preceded by an initial elevation of IOP and indomethacin pre-treatment (12.5 mg, s.c.) did not eliminate the IOP response, as demonstrated by administered R-alpha-isopropyl anandamide. Conclusions. Catabolism of alpha-unsubstituted anandamides may account for their observed intraocular hypertensive effects. The physiological mechanism by which alpha-substituted anandamides work apparently differs from that of the more easily metabolized alpha-unsubstituted compounds.     

益脉康分散片联合甲钴胺治疗原发性开角型青光眼的疗效观察

目的探讨益脉康分散片联合甲钴胺片治疗原发性开角型青光眼的临床疗效。方法选取2015年9月—2017年8月西安市第一医院收治的原发性开角型青光眼患者共80例(136眼)为研究对象,将所有患者随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组各40例(68眼)。对照组患者口服甲钴胺片,1片/次,3次/d;治疗组在对照组的基础上口服益脉康分散片,2片/次,3次/d。两组患者均治疗3个月。观察两组的临床疗效,比较两组的眼压、视野平均光敏度、视野平均缺损、网膜中央动脉(CRA)血流动力学指标和睫状后短动脉(PCA)血流动力学指标。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为70.59%、91.18%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者眼压均显著降低,同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗组视野平均光敏度显著提高,视野平均缺损显著降低,治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);且治疗后治疗组的眼压、视野平均光敏度、视野平均缺损明显优于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,治疗组CRA和PCA血流动力学指标中收缩期峰值血流速度(PSV)、舒张末期血流速度(EDV)显著升高,阻力系数(RI)显著下降,治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);且治疗后,治疗组的CRA和PCA血流动力学指标中PSV、EDV和RI显著优于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论益脉康分散片联合甲钴胺片治疗原发性开角型青光眼具有较好的临床疗效,能够改善患者的眼压、视敏度和血流动力学,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

康柏西普联合曲安奈德治疗渗出型老年性黄斑变性的疗效观察

目的评估康柏西普眼用注射液联合小剂量曲安奈德注射液治疗渗出型老年性黄斑变性的临床疗效。方法选取2012年1月—2015年1月在咸阳市第一人民医院眼科就诊并住院治疗的74例渗出型老年性黄斑变性患者,共80只眼。将所有患者以就诊单双号为标准对患者进行分组,其中单号为对照组,双号为治疗组,每组各37例40只眼。对照组球内注射曲安奈德注射液,0.1 m L/次,1次/d。治疗组球内注射曲安奈德注射液减量至0.025 m L/次基础上球内注射康柏西普眼用注射液,0.05 m L/次,1次/月。两组均连续治疗3个月。观察两组视力改善和黄斑部荧光渗漏及遮蔽荧光改善的临床疗效,同时比较两组治疗前后与治疗后1、2、3个月黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度、最佳矫正视力、眼压值和生活质量评分。结果治疗3个月后,对照组和治疗组视力改善和黄斑部荧光渗漏及遮蔽荧光改善的总有效率分别为80.00%、95.00%,75.00%、92.50%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗3个月后两组黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度、最佳矫正视力、眼压值比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.01、0.05)。治疗后两组除读和精细工作外其他各项指标均有明显变化(P0.05、0.01);治疗组第1、2、3个月远视力等、调节能力、读和精细工作、日常生活能力评分均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。结论康柏西普眼用注射液联合小剂量曲安奈德注射液治疗渗出型老年性黄斑变性具有较好的临床效果,能有效改善患者视功能,提升生活质量,且不良反应少,安全性较高,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

玻璃体腔注射康柏西普和曲安奈德治疗非动脉炎性前部缺血性视神经病变的比较研究

目的 分析康柏西普和曲安奈德治疗非动脉炎性前部缺血性视神经病变患者的临床疗效。方法 选取2017年9月—2019年1月濮阳市眼科医院收治的非动脉炎性前部缺血性视神经病变患者80例,随机分为对照组（40例）和治疗组（40例）。对照组注射醋酸曲安奈德注射液,4 mg/次。治疗组注射康柏西普眼用注射液,0.05 mL/（眼·次）。比较治疗前后两组患者视力和视野调查结果,眼压、神经纤维层厚度和视盘水肿消退时间,及玻璃体液中血管内皮生长因子-A（VEGF-A）水平。结果 治疗后,对照组视力和视野总有效率分别为80.00%和90.00%,均显著低于治疗组的95.00%和100.00%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后,两组患者眼压及神经纤维层厚度均明显降低（P<0.05）,且治疗组患者眼压、神经纤维层厚度、视盘水肿消退时间均明显低于对照组（P<0.05）。最后1次治疗时,两组患者玻璃体腔中VEGF-A水平均明显降低（P<0.05）,且治疗组明显低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 玻璃体腔注射康柏西普可显著提高非动脉炎性前部缺血性视神经病变患者的视力和视野,有效改善治疗临床疗效。     

24-hour control of intraocular pressure with 2% dorzolamide/0.5% timolol fixed-combination ophthalmic solution in open-angle glaucoma*

ABSTRACT

Objective: To evaluate the 24-hour efficacy and tolerability of 2% dorzolamide/0.5% timolol fixed combination (DTFC) solution in open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension.

Research design and methods: Randomized, parallel, doublemasked, multicenter study. Patients with insufficiently controlled intraocular pressure (IOP≥22 mmHg) were randomized to DTFC (N=117) or timolol (N=115). IOP was measured at baseline, 6 weeks, and 8 weeks, with measurements taken at 6 p.m., 8 p.m., 10 p.m., 2 a.m., 6 a.m., 8 a.m., 10 a.m., and 2 p.m.

Main outcome measures: Statistically significant change in IOP from untreated baseline for DTFC at all hours at week 8. Secondary outcome measures included: IOP-lowering at week 6 at all individual time points, change from baseline to 8 weeks in mean daytime IOP (average of 8 a.m., 10 a.m., 2 p.m., 6 p.m., and 8 p.m. IOPs) and night-time IOP (10 p.m., 2 a.m., 6 a.m.), and comparison of DTFC with timolol after 8 weeks.

Results: Patients receiving DTFC had a statistically significant and clinically relevant reduction in IOP at week 8 compared with baseline at all eight time points (p<0.001). Significant IOP reductions were also seen at all time points at week 6 (p<0.001). DTFC significantly lowered mean daytime IOP and night-time IOP (p<0.001 for both). Timolol alone also significantly reduced IOP from baseline at 8 weeks for all diurnal time points, and mean daytime and night-time IOP (p<0.001 for all). Compared with timolol alone, there were significantly greater reductions with DTFC at 10 a.m. (p=0.003) and 2 p.m. (p=0.016), and for mean daytime IOP (p=0.025) at 8 weeks. Significant between-treatment differences were not observed at other time points. Both treatments were well-tolerated, with no differences observed in the safety profiles between the treatment groups.

Conclusions: Both DTFC and timolol provided significant IOP reduction over the entire 24-hour measurement period. timolol during the daytime, but not at night. Although this study was not designed or powered to compare DTFC and timolol, DTFC exhibited greater IOP-lowering than timolol during the daytime, but not at night.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00108017.     

Efficacy and safety of tafluprost 0.0015% and timolol maleate 0.5% fixed combination in patients with ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma

Introduction: Lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) is at present the only therapeutic approach to the treatment of glaucoma proven to be successful. The choice of therapy must take into account efficacy, tolerability, safety, quality of life, adherence and cost. Monotherapy fails to achieve a satisfactory IOP reduction in 40 – 75% of glaucoma patients after > 2 years of therapy. So far, three prostaglandin/timolol maleate 0.5% fixed combinations (FCs) are available.

Areas covered: This review provides a background on the tafluprost–timolol FC (TTFC, Santen Oy) and its individual compounds. It summarizes the data on efficacy and safety, including comparative data with prostaglandin/timolol FCs already available.

Expert opinion: Tafluprost is a preservative-free prostaglandin analog with a similar IOP efficacy when compared with other prostaglandin analogs. However, its improved adverse effect profile seems to be beneficial in patients sensitive to preservatives. The preservative-free TTFC has no market authorization yet. Only one Phase III trial was published so far, but results are promising in terms of efficacy, tolerability and safety. It is likely that the TTFC will play a role in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension.     

Effect of mydriasis induced by topical 0.5% tropicamide instillation on the corneal biomechanical properties in healthy individuals measured by ocular response analyzer

Purpose: This observational study aims to investigate the effects of tropicamide (0.5%) on corneal biomechanical properties, with the ocular response analyzer (ORA), in healthy individuals.

Methods: Corneal hysteresis (CH), corneal resistance factor (CRF), Goldmann-correlated intraocular pressure (IOPg), and corneal-compensated intraocular pressure (IOPcc) measurements of 38 (21 female and 17 male) healthy individuals, before and after 30?min of 0.5% tropicamide instillation, were performed by using the ORA.

Results: The mean CH, CRF, IOPg and IOPcc measurements of the eyes were 10.2?±?1.9?mmHg, 10.3?±?2.1?mmHg, 15.7?±?3.4?mmHg, 16.4?±?3.3?mmHg pre-tropicamide, and 10.4?±?1.7?mmHg, 10.3?±?2.1?mmHg, 15.3?±?3.4?mmHg, 15.8?±?2.7?mmHg post-tropicamide, respectively. The differences between the pre- and post-tropicamide measurements of the eyes were insignificant (p?=?0.184, p?=?0.659, p?=?0.294, p?=?0.150, respectively; paired t-test).

Conclusions: A tropicamide instillation does not lead to significant changes in the corneal biomechanical properties. Therefore, it can be used safely in disease, i.e. in the diagnosis and follow-up ORA as it does not cause any change.     

Treatment of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma with a fixed combination of brimonidine 0.2%/timolol 0.5%: multicenter,open-label,observational study in Germany*

ABSTRACT

Objective: At the introduction of the fixed-combination of brimonidine/timolol in Germany in 2006, a non-interventional, multicenter, observational, open-label study was initiated to evaluate efficacy, tolerability, and safety of this preparation in a broad patient population.

Methods: The study population comprised patients with bilateral primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension with insufficient intraocular pressure (IOP) control who participating physicians determined required a change of medication, and who switched to exclusive use of the new fixed-combination brimonidine 0.2%/timolol 0.5%. Patient demographics and information on specific risk factors were collected. IOP readings were recorded for each eye at treated baseline (previous therapy), 4 to 6 weeks, and 12 weeks after changing to twice-daily brimonidine/timolol. Tolerability was measured using a four-step scale ranging from excellent to poor. All adverse events were recorded.

Results: Mean treated baseline IOP (±SD) for all patients (N?=?861) was 20.8?±?3.5?mmHg. Five hundred sixty-five patients switched from monotherapy, 138 patients switched from other fixed combinations, and 158 patients had been using non-fixed combinations of up to four different active agents. The brimonidine/timolol fixed combination provided an additional IOP decrease in most pretreatment subgroups, with an overall reduction to 16.9?±?2.6?mmHg after 4 to 6 weeks and to 16.5?±?2.7?mmHg after 12 weeks. Both of these values were significantly lower than baseline IOP (p?<?0.001). A target pressure of <18?mmHg was achieved in 79.5% of all eyes at week 12. Tolerability of fixed-combination brimonidine/timolol was rated excellent or good by the physicians for 97.1% of patients, and by 93.4% of the patients themselves. Few adverse events occurred during the treatment period.

Conclusions: Although this study was limited by its observational design, our results show that the fixed combination of brimonidine 0.2%/timolol 0.5% was effective, well tolerated, and safe in a broad POAG patient population.     

Comparison of adherence and persistence with bimatoprost 0.01% versus bimatoprost 0.03% topical ophthalmic solutions

Abstract

Objective:

To compare patient adherence and persistence with bimatoprost 0.01%, a new formulation that offers equivalent intraocular pressure-lowering efficacy to bimatoprost 0.03% and improved tolerability, with that of the original bimatoprost 0.03% formulation.     

普拉洛芬联合氯替泼诺治疗白内障患者术后炎症的疗效观察

目的观察普拉洛芬联合氯替泼诺治疗白内障患者术后炎症的临床疗效。方法选取2013年9月—2015年5月延安大学附属医院收治的白内障手术患者156例,随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组各78例。对照组在术后采用氯替泼诺混悬滴眼液治疗,治疗组在对照组的基础上采用普拉洛芬滴眼液治疗,给药方式均为术后一周内2滴/次,6次/d,一周后减为2滴/次,4次/d。两组均连续给药两周。比较术后第3、7、15、30天两组患者的炎症评分、眼压、黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度(CMT)以及不良反应情况。结果术后第3、7、15天,两组的炎症评分均高于术前,同组治疗前后差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗组术后第3、7、15、30天的炎症评分均显著低于同期对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。术后第7、15天,对照组的眼压均高于术前,同组治疗前后差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗组术后第7、15天的眼压均显著低于同期对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。术后第7、15、30天,两组的CMT均显著高于术前,同组治疗前后差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗组术后第7、15、30天的CMT均显著低于同期对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗组和对照组的不良反应发生率分别为24.36%、44.87%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论普拉洛芬联合氯替泼诺对白内障术后抗炎效果显著,且可以降低眼压的升高,改善黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度,安全性高,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

Evaluation of the clinical effectiveness of fluocinolone acetonide 190 µg intravitreal implant in diabetic macular edema: a comparison between study and fellow eyes

Abstract

Objectives: To compare visual and anatomical outcomes between eyes treated with fluocinolone acetonide (FAc) 190 µg intravitreal implant for clinically significant chronic diabetic macular edema (DME) and fellow eyes not treated with FAc implant using data from the Iluvien Clinical Evidence study in the UK (ICE-UK) study.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, data on people attending hospital eye services and treated with the FAc implant between April 1, 2013 and April 15, 2015 were collected. Changes in visual acuity (VA), central foveal thickness (CFT) and intraocular pressure (IOP) were compared between study eyes (intervention) and fellow eyes.

Results: A total of 208 people were selected. Mean age was 68.1 years and 62% were male. Mean change in VA was ?0.09 LogMAR units for study eyes and 0.04 LogMAR units for fellow eyes at 12 months post-implant (p?<?.001). Over the same period, ≥5 letter, ≥10 letter and ≥15 letter improvements in Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) score were achieved by more FAc treated eyes than by fellow eyes (41% versus 23%, p?<?.001; 28% versus 11%, p?<?.001; and 18% versus 4%, p?<?.001 at 12 months, respectively). Differences in the mean change in CFT (?113?µm versus ?13?µm, p?<?.001) and IOP (3.2?mmHg versus ?0.2?mmHg, p?<?.001) were also observed between study and fellow eyes at 12 months.

Conclusion: Visual acuity improved in study eyes over the 12 months following FAc implant and worsened in fellow eyes. Over the same period, study eyes showed a larger improvement in central foveal thickness. Intraocular pressure worsened in study eyes only. Change in visual acuity, central foveal thickness and intraocular pressure between FAc implant and the end of the 12-month follow-up period differed significantly between study and fellow eyes.     

他氟前列素滴眼液联合盐酸卡替洛尔滴眼液治疗开角型青光眼的疗效观察

目的探究他氟前列素滴眼液联合盐酸卡替洛尔滴眼液治疗开角型青光眼的临床疗效。方法选取2016年4月—2017年4月于宝鸡市人民医院治疗的80例(146眼)高眼压型原发性开角型青光眼患者为研究对象,根据数字表法将患者分为对照组(40例72眼)和治疗组(40例74眼)。对照组给予盐酸卡替洛尔滴眼液,1滴/次,2次/d。治疗组在对照组基础上给予他氟前列素滴眼液,1滴/次,1次/d。4周为1个疗程,两组均治疗3个疗程。观察两组患者的临床疗效,比较治疗前后两组患者的视盘参数、杯盘直径比、角膜中央厚度、前房深度和眼压。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组的改善率分别为80.56%、97.30%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者盘沿面积(RA)、盘沿容积(RV)和视盘容积(DV)指数均显著升高,同组治疗前后比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,治疗组的视盘参数显著高于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者水平杯盘直径比(C/D)显著升高,垂直C/D显著降低,同组治疗前后比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,治疗组的杯盘直径比改善程度显著优于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组角膜中央厚度均显著降低,同组治疗前后比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,治疗组的角膜中央厚度显著低于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者眼压均显著降低,同组治疗前后比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,治疗组眼压显著低于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论他氟前列素滴眼液联合盐酸卡替洛尔滴眼液治疗开角型青光眼患者具有较好的临床疗效,可有效提高患者视力,改善视盘参数和视网膜神经纤维层厚度,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。