Effect of application site,clothing barrier,and application site washing on testosterone transfer with a 1.62% testosterone gel

Abstract

Objectives:

To evaluate the effect of application site location, clothing barrier, and application site washing on testosterone transfer from males dosed with 1.62% testosterone gel to female partners.     

Effect of testosterone replacement or duration of castration on baroreflex bradycardia in conscious rats

Background

In this study, we tested the hypothesis that 17β-estradiol contributes to testosterone-mediated restoration of baroreflex-mediated bradycardia in short-term (3 weeks) castrated rats. Further, a reported increase in serum testosterone after long-term (6 weeks) castration constituted a basis for testing the hypothesis that a spontaneous increase in serum testosterone or androstenedione in this model causes a commensurate increase in baroreflex-mediated bradycardia.

Results

Testosterone (1 week) replacement enhanced baroreflex-mediated bradycardia in short-term castrated rats without changing 17β-estradiol level. A spontaneous recovery of baroreflex-mediated bradycardia occurred following long-term castration, although circulating testosterone and androstenedione remained suppressed.

Conclusion

The data suggest: 1) 17β-Estradiol does not contribute to testosterone restoration of the baroreflex-mediated bradycardia in short-term castrated rats. 2) The long-term modulation of baroreflex-mediated bradycardia occurs independent of androgens, or the baroreflex mechanism may become adapted to low levels of circulating androgens.     

Management of neuropathic pain after surgical and non-surgical trauma with lidocaine 5% patches: study of 40 consecutive cases

Abstract

Objective:

To determine the efficacy of lidocaine 5% patches in patients with PNCCP.     

Characterizing and understanding body weight patterns in patients treated with pregabalin

Abstract

Objective:

We examined patterns of weight change among patients treated with pregabalin for up to 1 year.     

A review of tinnitus symptoms beyond ‘ringing in the ears’: a call to action

Abstract

Background:

Tinnitus, often referred to as ‘ringing in the ears’, is highly prevalent. However, patients may also present with a number of other symptoms.     

Colesevelam in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia and hyperglycemia: a retrospective analysis from an ambulatory care medical network

Abstract

Objective:

To examine outcomes associated with colesevelam treatment among patients with hypercholesterolemia in real-world clinical practice.     

Aripiprazole in patients with bipolar mania and beyond: an update of practical guidance

Abstract

Background:

Aripiprazole is an atypical antipsychotic with a pharmacological and clinical profile distinct from other atypical antipsychotics.     

Long-term clinical and economic outcomes associated with angiotensin II receptor blocker use in hypertensive patients

Abstract

Objective:

To examine clinical and economic outcomes associated with angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB).     

Utilization of duloxetine and celecoxib in osteoarthritis patients

Abstract

Objectives:

To describe utilization patterns of duloxetine and celecoxib and subsequent opioid use among patients with osteoarthritis.     

Brinzolamide 1%/timolol 0.5%: safety and efficacy of a new fixed-combination IOP-lowering product for glaucoma

Abstract

Objective:

To provide a commentary on recent studies with the new IOP-lowering fixed-combination product brinzolamide 1%/timolol 0.5%.     

Assessment of safety,tolerability and effectiveness of adjunctive aripiprazole to lithium/valproate in bipolar mania: a 46-week,open-label extension following a 6-week double-blind study

Abstract

Objective:

This study evaluated the long-term tolerability and effectiveness of aripiprazole adjunctive to lithium or valproate in partial responders with bipolar mania.     

Factors associated with warfarin discontinuation,including bleeding patterns,in atrial fibrillation patients

Abstract

Objective:

To determine risk factors for both warfarin discontinuation and bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).     

Sex hormone status and bone metabolism in men with Crohn's disease

Background:

Men with Crohn’s disease (CD) are at risk of osteoporosis, but the factors contributing to low bone mineral density and its optimum treatment have not been established.

Aim:

To investigate the sex hormone status of men with CD, and to establish the influence of sex hormones on their bone metabolism.

Methods:

Bone density was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry at the hip and lumbar spine in 48 men with CD. Total serum testosterone and gonadotrophins were measured in all subjects and the free androgen index calculated in men with low or borderline total testosterone. Serum osteocalcin, pro-collagen carboxy-terminal peptide, bone specific alkaline phosphatase and urinary deoxypyridinoline were measured as markers of bone turnover.

Results:

Eight (17%) men had osteoporosis, and a further 14 (29%) had osteopenia. Three (6%) men had a low free androgen index and normal gonadotrophins consistent with secondary hypogonadism, two of whom had osteopenia of the hip and spine. Age (P=0.002) and small bowel Crohn’s disease (P=0.02) were the only independent predictors of serum testosterone. There was a significant association between total testosterone and osteocalcin (r=0.53, 95% CI: 0.29–0.71, P=0.0001) which was independent of age and current steroid use (P=0.0001).

Conclusions:

Previously undiagnosed hypogonadism is an uncommon cause of low bone density in men with CD. The independent association between testosterone and the bone formation marker osteocalcin suggests sex hormone status influences bone metabolism in men with CD. The results suggest testosterone replacement might be effective treatment for some men with osteoporosis and Crohn’s disease.

     

Fatality rates in published reports of RSV hospitalizations among high-risk and otherwise healthy children

Abstract

Objective:

To review the fatalities among children hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection, and identify factors leading to a fatal outcome.     

Lacosamide as adjunctive therapy for partial-onset epileptic seizures: a review of the clinical and economic literature

Abstract

Objective:

This article provides a short but comprehensive pharmacotherapeutic update of adjunctive therapy with lacosamide for partial-onset seizures in adult patients.     

Hypoglycaemia in sulphonylurea-treated subjects with type 2 diabetes undergoing Ramadan fasting: a five-country observational study

Abstract

Objectives:

To determine the incidence of hypoglycaemia during Ramadan in Muslim subjects with type 2 diabetes treated with a sulphonylurea.     

Long-term effects of pioglitazone in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes without a recent history of macrovascular morbidity

Abstract

Objective:

To evaluate the efficacy of pioglitazone for the prevention of macrovascular outcomes in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes, without a recent history of macrovascular morbidity.     

Patient and physician perceptions of treatment of moderate-to-severe chronic pain with oral opioids

Abstract

Objective:

To study physician and patient perceptions of moderate-to-severe chronic pain and its management with oral opioids.     

Efficacy,safety, and pharmacokinetics of ambrisentan in Japanese adults with pulmonary arterial hypertension

Abstract

Objective:

To investigate the efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of ambrisentan in Japanese adults with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).     

Safety,tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of albiglutide,a long-acting GLP-1-receptor agonist,in Japanese subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Objective:

To investigate safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of albiglutide in Japanese subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus.