心率变异分析方法的研究进展

心率变异性（HRV）是当前心电图分析的一个前沿热点。目前HRV信号的分析法主要是线性分析法,非线性分析法则不多。本文综述了国内外心率变异分析方法的研究进展。重点分析了非线性分析方法的原理和特点,探讨了HRV信号的分形维数,复杂度和近似熵分析法。     

心率变异性应用于运动训练监控研究进展

<正>心率变异性(heart rate variability,HRV)是指逐次心跳间RR间期随时间发生的微小差异,它产生于自主神经系统对心脏窦房结的调节,可间接反映心脏自主神经系统的平衡,并为评估交感和副交感神经系统的状况及二者的相互作用提供参考。HRV在运动训练领域已有一定的应用,本文综述近些年来将HRV应用     

高血压患者夜间心率对24小时心率变异性影响的观察与分析

心率变异(Heart rate variability,HRV)检测分析,作为一种间接评定心脏自主神经功能的手段,逐渐被广泛应用于临床研究。它是近年来检测严重心律失常以及心脏猝死的重要指标。在高血压病中也有预测价值。本文分析了96例高血压患者夜间心率(22:00～7:00)变化对24 h HRV时域指标和频域指标的影响,并探讨其临床意义,现报告如下。     

运动与心率变异性

心跳间期的有节律的波动被称作心率变异性(HeartRateVariability ,HRV)。HRV分析是一种无创性检测心脏自主神经张力的方法 ,反映自主神经系统对心血管系统的调控及该系统对各种因素的应答。HRV是定量判断心脏自主神经功能状态的一项非常有意义的指标。2 0世纪 80年代末HRV开始在临床医学上受到重视 ,并被认为是急性心梗死亡预后的有效和独立的指标[1] 。进入 90年代 ,HRV分析研究受到普遍重视 ,国内已有较多心脏植物神经活性评定方法的报道[2 ,3] 。同时 ,国外有大量研究表明[4 ,5] ,心率波动这一信号蕴藏着有关心血管调节的大量信…     

心率变异性检测在老年人体质评价中的应用

目的探讨将心率变异性(HRV)作为在国民体质监测工作中安全有效评价老年人心血管功能新指标的可行性.方法以70名61～70 岁身体基本健康的妇女为研究对象.首先应用样品聚类分析法,根据心脏功能能力(FC)测试结果将全部受试者划分为3组不同的心血管功能等级组,比较各组间HRV参数值的差异,以检验HRV评价心血管功能的效果.然后,根据HRV的测试结果再次进行样品聚类分析,并将聚类分析后的组别转化为相应的等级指标,对HRV(等级指标)和FC进行相关性分析,以检验HRV和FC在评价心血管功能方面的等效性.结果显示,HRV各参数值在3个不同心血管功能等级组之间存在明显差异,并且FC和HRV之间的相关系数r为0.872(P＜0.01).结果表明,HRV与FC具有高度相关性,两者均可以有效地评价心血管功能,提示HRV可作为安全、有效评价老年人心血管功能的指标之一.     

极化液联合美托洛尔对急性心肌梗死患者自主神经失衡的保护作用研究

心率变异性(heart rate variability,HRV)是反映心脏自主神经功能的指标.研究证实,HRV在冠心病、心力衰竭等患者中可出现异常,对评估患者预后具有重要意义.     

基于小波分解和过零点分析的睡眠期间心率变异性研究

目的 提出一种简便的心率变异性(heart rate variability,HRV)分析方法,并将其用于研究睡眠期间的HRV特征.方法 利用小波分解提取RR序列的低频(low frequency,LF)和高频(high frequency,HF)成分后,采用过零点分析法分别计算睡眠各阶段RR序列及其LF,HF分量的过零点特征(过零点间隔均值和归一化过零点间隔标准差),同时计算RR序列的频谱特征(LFn,HFn,LF/HF)和样本熵.分析各特征在不同睡眠阶段的差异性,以及过零点特征与其它特征的相关性.结果 RR过零点特征在觉醒、快速眼动(rapid eye movement,REM)和非快速眼动(non-REM,NREM)睡眠期间具有显著差异;三个过零点特征与频谱特征和样本熵具有较强相关性.结论 本文提出的HRV分析方法计算简单,能同时反映频谱和复杂性特征,为研究睡眠期间自主神经活动和发展基于心电图的睡眠监测技术提供了新指标.     

远航海员的心率变异性

心率变异性(heart rate variability，HRV)是无创性定量检测心脏的自主神经功能的敏感指标。2002年，我们在远航时检测了81名参加远航人员的HRV变化，以探讨长航对HRV的影响。     

有氧运动对糖尿病患者心率变异的影响

目的:研究有氧运动对糖尿病患者心率变异(HeartRateVariability,HRV)的影响并对其作用机制进行初步探讨。方法:选取38名31～55岁的男性2型糖尿病患者作为实验组,同时选取22名同年龄段正常健康男性作为对照组。实验前,两组受试均行HRV和血浆NO检查。此后,令实验组患者完成12周有氧运动并再对其进行HRV和血浆NO检查。将所获HRV参数及血浆NO值进行统计学处理。结果:与对照组相比,实验组患者实验前HRV时域参数出现不同程度降低,尤以SDNN及PNN50降低明显(P<0.05);血浆NO值也明显低于对照组。12周有氧运动后,实验组患者HRV时域参数较实验前出现不同程度的恢复,血浆NO值也明显升高。结论:糖尿病患者心脏自主神经功能受到不同程度损伤;有氧运动对糖尿病患者受损的心脏自主神经功能有一定改善作用,其机制可能与有氧运动提高糖尿病患者血浆NO水平有关。     

急性心肌梗死心率变异性分析

心率变异性（heart rate variability,HRV）分析是指通过测量连续R-R间期变化的变异数,从而反映心率的变化,被认为是心脏植物神经活动性的观察指标之一。70年代以来,HRV研究逐渐引起人们的关注,并广泛应用于临床。同时,也公认心率变异性分析是判断自主神经活动的常用的定量指标。     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.