云南省两种G6PD基因突变的检测

红细胞葡萄糖 - 6 -磷酸脱氢酶 (glucose- 6 - phosphatedehydrogenase,G6 PD) ,是磷酸戊糖旁路中产生还原型辅酶 (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate,NADPH)的关键酶。G6 PD的缺陷可导致蚕豆病、药物性溶血、新生儿高胆红素血症乃至核黄疸、感染性溶血及非球形细胞溶血性贫血等 ,G6 PD缺乏症是一种常见的人类遗传性酶缺陷疾病。G6 PD基因突变是导致 G6 PD缺乏症的主要分子基础 ,目前已发现 DNA突变类型 78种 ,其中在中国人中发现了 13种[1 ] 。云南是 G6 PD缺乏症高发区 ,部分少数民族地区该病发生率达16 .…     

江西籍常见葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症基因突变型分析

目的分析江西籍葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G6PD)缺乏症患者常见基因突变型.方法应用突变特异性扩增系统(ARMS)分析106例江西籍G6PD缺乏症患者G6PD基因突变类型.结果发现G1388A突变47例(44.3%),G1376T突变37例(34.9%),A95G突变4例(3.7%),3种突变106例G6PD缺乏症患者G6PD基因突变类型82.97%,未定型者18例.结论江西籍G6PD3种常见突变基因类型及频率与杜传书等调查的结果相近.ARMS法是一种简单、省时、经济、准确的检测G6PD 3种基因常见突变的方法,此法对优生优育、提高G6PD缺乏症的诊断和防治水平,加强人们对该病的发病机理的认识,对人类学和遗传学研究有重要价值.     

云南佤族0-7岁儿童地中海贫血与G6PD缺乏症调查分析

目的为了解云南省佤族0-7岁儿童地贫及G6PD缺乏症发生率,为本地区该病的预防和控制服务。方法分别用血细胞分析、Hb电泳和用改良葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶（G6PD）,6-磷酸脱氢酶（6-PGD）定量比值法对该地区少数民族0-7岁儿童进行地中海贫血和G6PD缺乏症筛查。结果共检查7岁以下儿童1042名,地贫检出率5.6%,G6PD缺乏症检出率为0.4%,地贫与G6PD缺乏症检出率相关系数r=0.779,P〈0.01,呈高度正相关。结论本地区的地贫与G6PD缺乏症发生率较高,对地中海贫血调查获取其流行病学资料,为今后对该地人群进行疾病的防治、优生优育、遗传咨询、提高人口素质具有重要的指导意义。     

昆明市新生儿遗传性红细胞G6PD缺乏症基因频率

应用G6PID/6PGD比值法对我院1999年4-7月出生的新生儿进行的葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G6PD)缺乏症检测,并确定新生儿中G6PD缺乏症基因频率.结果567名新生儿中(男婴300人,女婴267人)共检出G6PD缺乏症患儿60名(男婴33人,女婴27人).新生儿G6PD缺乏症的基因频率为0.11.女婴中G6PD缺乏症的发生率为10.3%.     

G6PD缺乏症发病的分子病理学新机制

葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症(gluocose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency,简称G6PD缺乏症)是人类最常见的酶缺陷遗传病之一,全球约有4亿多人受累.G6 PD缺乏症主要是由于G6PD基因发生变异所引起,其经典分子病理学机制研究主要集中在G6PD基因的突变研究上,但对少部分病例来说,经典的发病机制并不能对其表型和基因型的关系作出合理的解释.近些年来,一些学者在G6PD缺乏症发病新的分子机制方面作了较为深入的研究,为了更好的理解本病,该文就近年来对于G6PD缺乏症发病的分子病理学新机制的研究作一综述.     

微量连续流动荧光法筛查新生儿葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症实验研究

目的研究微量连续流式荧光法测定滤纸干血样葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶,并评价其在新生儿葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症筛查中的应用价值。方法取直径3.2mm的新生儿滤纸干血样经萃取后用微量连续流动荧光分析仪测定葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶浓度,确定葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症的筛查阳性临界值。结果新生儿滤纸干血样经30～120min萃取后,葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶在0～150μM NADPH浓度范围内线性良好,最低检出限为2.0μM NADPH。批内变异度为5.4%,批间变异度为5.9%,测定平均回收率为99.2%,并与Perkin Elmer公司G6PD荧光定量法测定结果高度相关。142 847例新生儿滤纸干血样G6PD呈非正态分布,用95%百分位数法确定筛查新生儿G6PD缺乏症的临界值为G6PD小于42μM NADPH为阳性,葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症筛查阳性率为0.15%,发病率为0.038%。结论微量连续流式荧光分析法检测新生儿滤纸干血样葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶含量,具有灵敏度高、特异性强、重复性好的特点,为筛查新生儿葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症提供了简便、快速、费用低廉的实验方法。     

广西地区G6PD缺乏基因型与表型关系的研究

葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(glueose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase,G6PD)缺乏症,是最常见的人类酶缺陷性遗传病.在高发区G6PD缺乏症是引起新生儿高胆红素血症最主要的原因,严重者可因脑神经系统损害导致不可逆的智能和身体残疾,因此联合国卫生组织把该病列入6种主要应该预防和控制的遗传病之一[1].     

7488例育龄人群G6PD缺乏症检查结果分析

目的了解广东地区G6PD缺乏症的发病情况.方法用G6PD/6PGD比值法.对7488例育龄人群进行了红细胞葡萄糖6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症临床检测.结果在7488例受检者中,共检出G6PD缺乏者488例,发生率为6.52%.结论广东是G6PD缺乏症的高发区,应在全省各地普及推广G6PD缺乏的大人群筛查,尤其是育龄人群的筛查.     

河北省廊坊市新生儿葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症筛查结果分析

目的通过对新生儿葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(Glucose-6-PHos PHatedehydrogenase,G6PD)缺乏症的筛查,了解河北省廊坊地区新生儿G6PD缺乏症的发病情况。方法应用荧光分析法对新生儿足跟血干血滤纸片进行初筛,对可疑阳性者召回,采集静脉血通过测定红细胞葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶和6-磷酸葡萄糖酸脱氢酶的酶活性比值(G6PD/6PGD,即NBT定量比值法),判定G6PD是否缺乏。结果在293?892例新生儿中共检出G6PD缺乏者138例,总发生率为0.047%(138/293?892),即1/2130。其中男婴受检人数156?103例,检出G6PD缺乏者131例,占男婴受检人数的0.084%(131/156?103);女婴受检人数137?789例,查出G6PD缺乏者7例,占女婴受检人数的0.0051%(7/137?789)。138例阳性患儿中,男孩131例,约占94.93%,女孩7例,约占5.07%,男女比例为18.7∶1。结论廊坊市存在G6PD缺乏症情况,此症在南方及东南亚地区高发,但随着人口流动频繁,在北方筛查也有重要意义,大力推动新生儿G6PD缺乏症筛查的开展,有利于新生儿高胆红素血症及婴幼儿溶血性贫血的早期防治。     

葡萄糖·6·磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症的基因研究

葡萄糖6磷酸脱氢酶(简称G6PD)是催化磷酸戊糖旁路代谢第一步反应的关键(?)。G6PD缺乏症是一种与药物性溶血,新生儿黄疸,慢性非球形细胞溶血性贫血有关的遗??传性酶缺陷病。至今,全世界已有300多种G6PD变异型通过生化指标得到鉴定。近年来,已测定出GP(?)的整个氨基酸序列,并用不同的方法相继克隆出G6P(?)基因,通过序列分析,阐明了G6P(?)的基因结构,对一些常见的G6P(?)变异型基因编码序列的分析,初步探讨了变异型与基因突变之间的关系,证明基因编码序列中单个或多个碱基置换,是变异型产生的原因,也是G6PD缺乏症基因突变的主要方式。作为一个典型的“看家基因”(housekeepinggene),G6PD基因的研究为探讨遗传性酶病的基因改变提供了一个很好的范例。     

Independent origin of single and double mutations in the human glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase gene

The vast majority of both polymorphic and sporadic G6PD variants are due to single missense mutations. In the four polymorphic variants that have two point mutations, one of the mutations is always 376 A→G (126 Asn→Asp), which on its own gives rise to the nondeficient polymorphic variant, G6PD A. In a study of G6PD deficient patients who presented with clinical favism in Spain, we have found a new polymorphic variant that we have called G6PD Malaga, whose only abnormality is a 542 A→T (181 Asp→Val) mutation. This is the same mutation as previously found in association with the mutation of G6PD A in the double mutant, G6PD Santamaria. G6PD Malaga is associated with enzyme deficiency (class III), and the enzymic properties of G6PD Malaga and G6PD Santamaria are quite similar, indicating that in this case the effects of the two mutations are additive rather than synergistic. G6PD Santamaria might have been produced by recombination between G6PD A and G6PD Malaga; however haplotype analysis, including the use of a new silent polymorphism, suggests that the same 542 A→T mutation has taken place independently in a G6PD B gene to give G6PD Malaga and in a G6PD A gene to give G6PD Santamaria. These findings help to outline the relationship and evolution of mutations in the human G6PD locus. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Common glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) variants from the Italian population: biochemical and molecular characterization

By biochemical characterization of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) from the red cells of seventeen subjects of the population of Matera (Southern Italy) we have identified six genetically determined common variants. Among these, G6PD Metaponto and G6PD A(–) Matera had been already fully characterized. We have now found that A(–) Matera is genetically heterogeneous since one of two subjects examined had the two mutations at codons 68 and 126 characteristic of a typical A(–) variant, while the other subject had only the codon 126 mutation. G6PD Pisticci and G6PD Tursi are two new variants whose molecular lesion is not yet known. G6PD Cagliari-like has biochemical characteristics reminiscent of G6PD Cagliari, isolated in Sardinia, and was found to have the same nucleotide substitution as G6PD Mediterranean. G6PD Montalbano is a new variant, with nearly normal properties, due to a G→A transition which causes an Arg→His amino acid replacement at position 285.     

新生儿G6PD缺乏症筛查及遗传咨询措施的研究

目的新生儿G6PD缺乏症筛查,计算发病率、基因频率,患儿治疗及遗传咨询。方法筛查用荧光分辨法,确诊用G6PD/6PGD比值测定法。结果2007年10月至2008年10月对我院新出生的9842例新生儿进行了G6PD缺乏症筛查,男性5286例,女性4556例,共检出确诊病例18例。发病率为1.83‰(18/9842),其中男性发病16例,为1.63‰(16/9842),女性2例,为0.2‰(2/9842)。男女比例8∶1。G6PD缺乏症基因频率为0.00303(16/5286)。18例病儿中,祖籍为上海浦东人,发病3例,占16.67%(3/18),祖籍为外地人口发生15例,占83.33%(15/18)。     

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency: genetic heterogeneity in Sardinia

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) was partially purified from red blood cells of 44 Sardinian males with severe enzymatic deficiency and the variants characterized chromatographically and biochemically to see if there is genetic heterogeneity of the enzyme in Southern Sardinia. Three different variants associated with severe G6PD deficiency were identified: the common G6PD Mediterranean variant; G6PD Sassari, recently described by Testa et al. (1980), and a new variant that we have designated G6PD Cagliari. Family studies were carried out to demonstrate that these variants are due to the presence of different alleles.     

中国人红细胞葡糖6-磷酸脱氢酶变异型的研究Ⅳ.Gd(-)高鹤型[Gd(-)Gaohe]伴阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿

本文报告一种新的G6pD变异型。其特点是酶活性严重缺乏(相当于正常1%),电泳慢速,G6P米氏常数降低,底物(脱氧G6P,脱氨NADP及半乳糖6-磷酸)利用率均正常,热稳定性也正常。命名为Gd(-)高鹤型[Gd(-)Gaohe]。同时鉴定了患者一个弟弟的G6PD类型,结果相似。鉴于其弟身体健康而患者有不明诱因的反复溶血发作,并伴有白细胞和血小板减少,皮下出血,最后通过Ham试验及糖水试验证实患者伴有PNH。     

Further investigations of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase variants in Flores Island, eastern Indonesia

We conducted field surveys for malaria and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency in the eastern part of Flores Island, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. A total of 1,108 volunteers (642 males and 466 females) belonging to three ethnic groups (Sikka, Ende and Bajo) were examined, and 55 G6PD-deficient individuals (38 males and 17 females) were detected. Among them, 50 samples were analyzed molecularly, in addition to three deficient cases in a Bajo family. In the Sikka population, G6PD Kaiping (1388G>A), one of the two common variants in the Chinese population, was unexpectedly found as the most dominant variant (11/22, 50.0%), followed by G6PD Chatham (1003G>A, 36.4%), G6PD Coimbra (592C>T, 9.1%) and G6PD Vanua Lava (383T>C, 4.5%). Frequency of G6PD Kaiping in the Sikka might be the highest among non-Chinese populations reported so far. In the Ende population, G6PD Vanua Lava (9/14, 64.3%) was the highest, followed by G6PD Kaiping (14.3%), G6PD Chinese-5 (1024C>T, 14.3%) and G6PD Chatham (7.1%). In the Bajo population, a total of 18 deficient cases were analyzed, and a novel mutation (844G>T) in exon 8 with a predicted amino acid change of 282 Asp>Tyr was found in a 7-year-old boy at a Bajo village near Maumere. This new Class II (mild type) variant was also confirmed in his mother and sister, and designated as G6PD Bajo Maumere. The missense mutation at the same nucleotide 844 has been known as G6PD Seattle/Lodi/Modena/Ferrara II, but this mutation is caused by a G>C substitution (282 Asp>His). In the Bajo population, G6PD Viangchan (871G>A, IVS 11 nt93 T>C, 1311C>T), the most common variant in continental Southeast Asian populations, was found to be the dominant (11/18, 61.1%), followed by G6PD Vanua Lava and the new variant (each 16.7%), and G6PD Coimbra (5.6%). These results strongly suggest that the Bajo peoples may have different ancestors from those for Sikka and Ende, and may be much closer to continental Southeast Asian populations. It is interesting that G6PD Canton (1376G>T), another common variant in Chinese, was not seen in the Flores population.     

应用荧光斑点法和比值法检测G6PD

目的建立适合于G6PD缺乏的新生儿筛查及确诊方法。方法应用荧光斑点法(FST)对新生儿筛查滤纸干血片进行检测，对可疑阳性者召回，抽静脉血以D6PD／6PGD比值法进行确诊，同时结合新生儿父母亲的G6PD结果，根据遗传关系综合分析。结果FST筛查25000例新生儿，G6PD缺乏阳性率为4．56％，确诊检出率为4．09％。与比值法的符合率为90．4％，G6PD重度缺乏者的符合率为100％，G6PD中间缺乏者的符合率为78．5％，室间质量控制结果与反馈结果符合率为100％。结论FST汀具有高的敏感性、特异性和准确性，方法简便、快捷、费用低廉，可对滤纸干血片标本进行大规模的筛查检测，同时利用比值法进行确诊，可减少假阳性及假阴性，有利于早期诊断和防治G6PD缺乏所致的新生儿黄疸和急性溶血。     

Glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) mutations in Thailand: G6PD Viangchan (871G>A) is the most common deficiency variant in the Thai population

Glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common hereditary disorder in humans. Through a population study for G6PD deficiency using a cord blood quantitative G6PD assay in Bangkok, Thailand, we found that the prevalence of G6PD deficiency is 11.1% in Thai male (N=350) and 5.8% in female (N=172) cord blood samples. Among the neonates with hyperbilirubinemia, the prevalence of G6PD deficiency is 22.1% in males (N=140) and 10.1% in females (N=89). We developed a PCR‐restriction enzyme‐based method to identify G6PD Viangchan (871G>A), and searched for this and 9 other mutations in DNA from G6PD deficient blood samples. G6PD Viangchan (871G>A) was the most common mutation identified (54%), followed by G6PD Canton (1376G>T; 10%), G6PD Mahidol (487G>A; 8%), G6PD Kaiping (1388G>A; 5%), G6PD Union (1360C>T; 2.6%) and “Chinese‐5” (1024C>T; 2.6%). Among 20 neonates with hyperbilirubinemia, G6PD Viangchan was also most frequently identified (60%), followed by G6PD Canton (10%), G6PD Mahidol, G6PD Union, and G6PD Kaiping (5% each). G6PD Viangchan appears from this study to be the most common G6PD mutation in the Thai population, bringing into question previous reports that G6PD Mahidol is most prevalent. G6PD Viangchan, together with G6PD Mahidol and G6PD Canton, are responsible for over 70% of G6PD deficiency in this study of Thais. With the data from other Southeast Asian ethnic groups such as Laotians, G6PD Viangchan (871G>A) is probably the most common variant in non‐Chinese Southeast Asian population.© 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Intragenic interspecific complementation of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase in human-hamster cell hybrids

A new variant of human glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), provisionally designated G6PD Harilaou, was observed in a Greek boy affected by severe hemolytic anemia. G6PD Harilaou was associated with very severe deficiency of enzyme activity, which measured about 1% of normal in the patient's fibroblasts. By fusion of Harilaou fibroblasts with a similarly enzyme-deficient mutant CHO cell line, we have isolated a hybrid cell line that has a G6PD activity 5–10 times higher than either of the parental cells. By electrophoretic analysis we show that most of this activity is associated with a hybrid dimeric G6PD molecule consisting of one hamster and one human subunit. We suggest that this heterologous quasi-interallelic complementation is effected by a catalytically abnormal hamster subunit stabilizing a catalytically abnormal and unstable Harilaou subunit. This approach may be useful for the study of dimer formation and stability in human G6PD.A preliminary report on part of this work was presented at the ninth meeting of the Red Cell Club held in Cardiff, Wales, on June 26, 1987.