左半结肠癌急性梗阻术式选择探讨

大肠癌梗阻是老年人机械性肠梗阻的常见类型．梗阻可发生在结肠的任何部位，但以乙状结肠最多见。大肠癌梗阻时手术方式选择至今尚有争议。对右半结肠癌引起急性梗阻行一期切除吻合术，基本上取得一致意见；但对左半结肠癌引起的急性梗阻是行一期手术还是二期手术．尚有争议。我院近年来手术治疗左半结肠急性梗阻32例，其中2例为乙状结肠扭转．1例为粪石性肠梗阻，29例术后病理证实为癌性梗阻（占90．6％）。现将我院29例左半结肠癌急性梗阻的治疗情况，报告如下。     

左半结肠癌并急性梗阻一期切除吻合术42例

目的探讨左半结肠癌并急性梗阻一期切除吻合术可行性。方法回顾性分析42例左半结肠癌并急性梗阻一期切除吻合术的临床资料,所有病例均术中结肠灌洗,同时行预防性盲肠造瘘。结果 42例一期切除吻合术,无一例发生吻合口漏、腹腔感染等并发症。结论严格掌握手术适应证,积极术前准备,术中充分结肠灌洗,实行预防性盲肠造瘘,正确术后处理,左半结肠癌并急性梗阻一期切除吻合术是安全可行的。     

急性梗阻性结肠癌一期切除吻合24例报告

结肠癌引发急性肠梗阻行一期手术的报告日渐增多，自1989年至19964年对急性梗阻性结肠癌一期切除吻合24例，现总结如下。1临床资料与方法1．1一般资料24例中男17例，女7例。年龄最小31岁，最大77岁，平均54岁。24例均以急性肠梗阻入院，发病至手术时间为20小时～4天。癌肿部位：盲肠7例，升结肠6例，结肠肝曲4例，降结肠5例，乙状结肠2例。1．2手术方式24例均未做常规的肠道手术准备（因急诊人院），根据术中探查梗阻情况和病人状况以及癌肿侵犯的程度，选择手术方式。行右半结肠切除17例，左半结肠切除5例，乙状结肠切除2例，其中1例因侵犯…     

结肠切除吻合术灌洗治疗急性左半结肠癌性梗阻26例

目的:探讨急性左半结肠癌性梗阻术中结肠灌洗一期切除吻合的可行性及适应症。方法:对我院2002年6月~2005年12月收治的左半结肠癌并梗阻,经术中灌洗一期切除吻合治疗的26例进行回顾性分析。结果:本组26例左半结肠癌患者经此法治疗后,无吻合口漏发生,切口感染4例,无住院死亡病例。结论:对急性左半结肠癌性梗阻患者经术中结肠灌洗后行一期切除吻合治疗是安全可行的。     

老年人结肠癌并急性肠梗阻86例外科处理分析

目的探讨老年人结肠癌并发急性肠梗阻的特点、诊断、外科处理方法与预后。方法回顾性分析我院2000年1月—2009年8月86例年龄>60岁的老年患者手术治疗的结肠癌并发急性肠梗阻病人的临床资料,其中一期切除吻合58例(右半结肠一期切除吻合39例,左半结肠一期切除吻合19例),分期手术19例(右半结肠4例,左半结肠15例),行Hartmann手术。肿瘤无法切除行单纯结肠造瘘和捷径手术9例。结果术后出现并发症8例,发生率为9.3%,其中切口感染3例,腹腔感染2例,肺部感染2例,感染性休克1例,1例死亡,病死率1.2%,85例痊愈出院。结论老年人结肠癌致肠梗阻的外科治疗要根据老年病人的具体情况选择合理的术式,准确的早期诊断,恰当的围术期处理,正确的手术方式的选择,是提高其预后的关键。     

左半结肠癌并发肠梗阻的诊断及处理

目的：总结左半结肠癌致肠梗阻的诊断及处理体会.方法：分析1999-2004年间16例左半结肠癌致肠梗阻的临床资料.结果：16例患者,Ⅰ期左半结肠切除吻合9例,横结肠造口,Ⅰ期左半结肠切除,Ⅱ期吻合闭瘘2例;肿瘤无法切除,行乙状结肠造瘘5例.吻合口漏1例,围手术期无死亡病例.结论：正确认识左半结肠癌致肠梗阻,合理选择术式,可有效提高疗效.     

结肠癌并急性梗阻的手术治疗方法改进探讨

目的：探讨结肠癌并急性肠梗阻的术式选择,方法：急诊手术治疗右半结肠癌并急性肠梗阻11例,行一期切降,端仙吻合;左半结肠癌并急性肠梗阻2例,术中施行减压灌洗,一期切除肿瘤吻合,肛门放置肛管,结果：手术均获成功,术后效果良好,术后并发症：1例切口感染。结论：右半结肠癌并急性肠梗阻行一期切除,端侧吻合,左半结肠癌并急性肠梗阻和如全身状况较好,肠壁血运良好,采用术中减压灌洗,主张一期切除吻合。     

左半结肠急性梗阻一期手术30例

左侧结肠梗阻 ,因腹腔污染及吻合口漏危险性较大 ,以往多主张分期手术。随着抗生素的发展 ,围手术期处理的改善 ,手术技巧的进步 ,以及对结肠病理生理的认识提高 ,人们越来越多地主张采用一期切除吻合术[1] 。我科自 1990年以来有选择地对左半结肠急性梗阻 30例施行一期切除吻合术 ,疗效满意。1　临床资料1 1　一般情况　男 18例 ,女 12例 ;年龄 36～ 70岁 ,平均 5 3岁。均有急性低位肠梗阻表现 ,梗阻时间 2～ 6ｄ ,均为急诊术前无肠道准备情况下行左半结肠切除端 端吻合术。除 2例为乙状结肠扭转外 ,余均为结肠癌 ,其中癌肿位于结肠脾曲 4…     

14例梗阻性左半结肠癌切除并带蒂结肠浆肌层覆盖吻合口处理体会

作者自1983年以来处理14例左半结肠癌并梗阻病人,均行左半结肠一期切除吻合,同时以带血管蒂结肠浆肌层覆盖吻合口,无一例吻合口瘘及狭窄梗阻发生,效果满意。现报告如下。 临床资料 本组14例中男9例,女5例,年龄25岁～76岁。结肠癌并单纯梗阻10例,梗阻伴腹膜炎4例。其中1例为肿瘤上部穿孔。发病时间均在1d以上,最长梗阻5d。癌肿部位:脾     

老年结肠癌致肠梗阻急诊一期左半结肠切除的疗效分析

目的探讨一期切除吻合术治疗左半结肠癌致急性肠梗阻的可行性和安全性。方法回顾性分析43例左半结肠癌致急性肠梗阻在不能术前行肠道准备的条件下,行急诊肿瘤切除一期肠吻合的病例资料。结果本组43例患者中发生切口感染5例,切口裂开3例,吻合口瘘1例。全部病例未出现围术期死亡,均痊愈出院。结论对老年左半结肠癌致急性肠梗阻患者采取一期切除吻合术,只要选择病例合适,完善术中及围术期处理,手术是可行和安全的。     

Primary colonic intussusception protruding from the anus in adults. Two cases]

The authors report two cases of colonic intussusception in the adult protruding from the anus--or colon-anal intussusception--, not due to a tumor. The first case was a chronic ileo-caeco-colique intussusception, the second case was an acute colo-rectal intussusception. Colo-anal intussusceptions are very rare: less than twenty cases have been described since 1925 in adults. The absence of a tumor origin in our cases represents a special feature, as only three other similar cases have been described. The surgical treatment in both cases was primary colonic resection without colostomy. The surgical treatment of the first case was subtotal colectomy with ileo-rectal anastomosis. The second case was primarily reduced by barium enema which allowed optimal secondary surgical resection of a prepared colon.     

结直肠癌合并肠梗阻手术治疗118例临床分析

目的探讨结直肠癌合并肠梗阻的手术治疗方法。方法回顾性总结了118例结直肠癌合并肠梗阻患者的手术处理方法和治疗效果。结果右半结肠梗阻38例,36例行一期切除吻合,2例行回肠造口术;其余80例低位梗阻患者中53例行一期切除吻合,10例行Mile’s术,8例行Hartmann术,9例行结肠造口术,术后低位梗阻一期切除吻合43例患者中4例出现吻合口瘘,10例Dixon+横结肠造口术者未出现吻合口瘘。死亡2例。结论一定条件下,一期切除吻合是治疗结直肠癌并急性肠梗阻可行、有效的方法。顺行结肠灌洗可提高一期根治切除率。直肠癌行Dixon+横结肠预防造口术是值得借鉴的手术方式。     

Colorectal Stenting: An Effective Therapy for Preoperative and Palliative Treatment

Purpose To demonstrate the effectiveness of preoperative and palliative colorectal stent placement in acute colonic obstruction. Methods Sixty-seven consecutive patients (mean age 67.3 years, range 25–93 years) with clinical and radiological signs of colonic obstruction were treated: 45 (67%) preoperatively and 22 (33%) with a palliative intent. In 59 patients (88%) the obstruction was malignant, while in 8 (12%) it was benign. A total of 73 enteric Wallstents were implanted under combined fluoroscopic/endoscopic guidance. Results Forty-five patients were treated preoperatively with a technical success rate of 84%, a clinical success rate of 83%, and a complication rate of 16%. Of the 38 patients who were successfully stented preoperatively, 36 (95%) underwent surgery 2–22 days (mean 7.2 days) after stent insertion. The improved general condition and adequate bowel cleansing allowed single-stage tumor resection and primary end-to-end anastomosis without complications in 31 cases (86% of all operations), while only 5 patients had colostomies. Stent placement was used as the final palliative treatment in 22 patients. The technical success rate was 95%, the clinical success rate 72%, and the complication rate relatively high at 67%, caused by reocclusion in most cases. After noninvasive secondary interventions (e.g., tube placement, second stenting, balloon dilatation) the secondary patency of stents was 71% and mean reported survival time after stent insertion was 92 days (range 10–285 days). Conclusion Preoperative stent placement in acute colonic obstruction is minimally invasive and allows an elective one-stage surgery in most cases. Stent placement also proved a valuable alternative to avoid colostomy in palliation.     

Malignant colorectal obstruction treated by means of self-expanding metallic stents: effectiveness before surgery and in palliation

PURPOSE: To determine the effectiveness and safety of metallic stents in the treatment of malignant colorectal obstruction before surgery and for palliation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty patients with acute malignant colorectal obstruction presumed to be malignant were treated by means of implanting self-expanding metallic stents. RESULTS: Stent placement was successful in 70 of the 80 patients and resolved bowel obstruction in 67 patients (96%). Two patients had colonic perforation and developed peritonitis 18 and 24 hours after stent placement; one patient died as a consequence. Thirty-three patients underwent elective surgery after 7 days +/- 3 (SD; range, 4-10 days), and adequate tumoral coverage and cleansing of the colon were observed in all patients. Stent placement was used as final palliative treatment in another 35 patients. Patient follow-up lasted a mean of 138 days +/- 93 (range, 36-334 days). The survival rate for the palliative group was 55% at 3 months, 44% at 6 months, and 25% at 9 months. The estimated primary stent patency rate was 91% at 3 and 6 months. CONCLUSION: Management of colorectal obstruction by using metallic stents was effective and safe, although colonic perforation is a potential complication. In cases of palliation, the method may obviate palliative colostomy.     

腹腔镜下老年结直肠癌根治术（16例分析）

目的：探讨腹腔镜辅助下老年结直肠癌根治术安全性、可行性及短期疗效。方法：回顾性分析16例腹腔镜辅助下老年结直肠癌根治术患者的临床资料。结果：左半结肠癌6例,横结肠癌3例,右半结肠癌6例,行I期结肠癌切除吻合术11例,Hartmann手术3例,单纯近端结肠造瘘2例。无死亡病例,吻合口瘘0例。结论：腹腔镜辅助下老年结直肠癌根治术在正确掌握手术时机、合理选择手术方式、充分的术前评估、完善的围手术期处理下是安全可行的。     

Colorectal war injuries

During the war in Croatia (1991-1995), 851 war casualties were treated by the surgical teams of Rijeka Clinical Hospital. Among them, 66 patients (7.8%) had colon and/or rectum injuries, usually combined with trauma of other abdominal organs, most often jejunum and ileum (24.2%). Regarding the site of injury, right and sigmoid colon were the most frequently traumatized areas (30.3% and 31.8%, respectively). All patients received surgical treatment within 3 hours from wounding. In 89% of patients, relieving colostomy was formed after the resection of the damaged part of the intestine; 11% of patients were treated with primary resection or sutures without colostomy. The mortality rate of 3% (2 patients) was caused by mutilating multiple organ abdominal trauma combined with massive brain injury.     

肠梗阻导管减压后一期手术救治梗阻性左半结直肠癌

目的探讨术前经肛放置肠梗阻导管对梗阻性左结直肠癌一期手术的作用。方法 将梗阻性左结直肠癌患者45例分为对照组及导管组,导管组经肛门置入肠梗阻导管减压,治疗5～7天后实施手术;对照组采取传统治疗方法。两组患者术中根据肠道清洁程度决定是否行一期手术,比较两组入院24小时梗阻缓解率、术中肠道清洁情况、一期手术的比率。结果导管组有17例成功放置导管并成功实施减压引流。入院治疗24小时后,导管组梗阻缓解率为68.2%,对照组为13.0%。导管组一期手术率为72.3%,对照组为8.7%。结论经肛门置入肠梗阻导管治疗梗阻性左半结直肠癌效果显著,能解除急性梗阻,使大部分患者能实施一期手术。     

直结肠恶性梗阻及肠腔渗漏病变内支架治疗

目的:探讨金属内支架治疗直结肠恶性梗阻及肠腔渗漏的临床意义和效果。方法:47例无手术治疗指征的直、结肠恶性梗阻和9例肠腔渗漏,在X线透视下,经肛门置入镍钦记忆合金网状支架。结果:56例患者,共植入镍钛记忆合金网状支架62枚(6例因再次梗阻二次植入支架)。52例支架一次置入成功,占93%(52/56);4例经二次支架置入成功,占93%(4/56);5例因肿瘤破溃形成肠瘘,4例结肠癌手术吻合口瘘,置入覆膜支架成功封堵瘘口。所有病例支架置入后梗阻症状迅速解除,腹胀逐渐消失,可进半流质饮食,一般情况好转。生存6个月以内30%(17/56),6个月以上70%(39/56),5例已超过13个月,现仍在随访中。结论:直结肠金属内支架置入术,是治疗无手术指征的直结肠恶性梗阻和肠腔渗漏病变,首选有效的姑息性治疗手段,临床效果显著。