糖尿病性阴茎勃起功能障碍大鼠阴茎海绵体一氧化氮合酶活性的测定

目的　探讨糖尿病 (DM )性阴茎勃起功能障碍 (ED)的发病机理。　方法　SD大鼠注射链脲佐菌素建立DM动物模型后 ,注射阿朴吗啡观察 6周、8周及 12周大鼠阻茎勃起情况 ,筛选DM性ED大鼠模型 ,测定其阴茎海绵体组织一氧化氮合酶 (NOS)的活性。　结果　DM性ED大鼠阴茎海绵体组织NOS活性与对照组相比显著降低 (P <0 0 0 1或P <0 0 1) ,随DM病程延长 ,NOS活性明显下降 (P <0 0 1)。　结论　DM严重影响阴茎勃起功能 ,海绵体组织NOS活性降低可能是其发病机理之一。     

糖尿病性阴茎勃起功能障碍大鼠阴茎海绵体一氧化氮合酶 …

目的 探讨糖尿病（ＤＭ）性阴茎勃起功能障碍（ＥＤ）的发病机理。方法 ＳＤ大鼠注射链脲佐菌素建立ＤＭ动物模型后,注射阿朴吗啡观察６周,８周及１２周大鼠阴茎勃起情况,筛选ＤＭ性ＥＤ大鼠模型,测定其阴茎海绵体组织一氧化氮合酶（ＮＯＳ）的活性。结果ＤＭ性ＥＤ大鼠阴茎海绵体组织ＮＯＳ活性与对照组相比显著降低,随ＤＭ病程延长,ＮＯＳ活性明显下降。     

糖尿病性阴茎勃起功能障碍发病机制的研究进展

糖尿病引发血管和神经病变 ,是与阴茎勃起功能障碍关系最为密切的疾病之一。糖尿病性阴茎勃起功能障碍发病机制如何 ?本文对近来的观点进行综述     

无创性动态阴茎海绵体测压诊断阴茎勃起功能障碍

目的　探讨应用无创性动态阴茎海绵体测压 (VISER)在勃起功能障碍 (ED)诊断中的价值。　方法　对 5 3例ED患者的PGE1阴茎海绵体内注射试验、VISER及彩色双功能超声检查结果进行对比分析。　结果　PorstⅢ级者 4 3例 ,平均海绵体压力和压力指数分别为 14 4 .2 9mmHg(1mmHg=0 .133kPa)和 1.2 4。 4 2例血管功能正常 ,1例为静脉性ED ;PorstⅡ级者 10例 ,平均海绵体压力和压力指数为 87.76mmHg和 0 .81,两组间比较差别有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;PorstⅡ级者中动脉性ED2例 ,静脉性ED8例 ,两组间海绵体压力比较差别有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。　结论　VIS ER是一种有效的无创性诊断ED的方法 ,对动脉性及静脉性ED的鉴别亦有一定价值。     

糖尿病性阴茎勃起功能障碍大鼠模型球海绵体肌和坐骨耻骨肌重量及显微结构的研究

ＳＤ大鼠注射链脲佐菌素制造糖尿病（ＤＭ）动物模型后,注射阿朴吗啡观察６周、８周及１２周大鼠队茎勃起情况,筛选ＭＤ性阴茎勃起功能障碍（ＥＤ）大鼠模型,研究其海绵体肌及坐骨耻骨肌重量及显微结构的改变,并测定其血清睾酮浓度,以探讨ＤＭ性ＥＤ的发病机理。结果：ＤＭ性ＥＤ大鼠模型球海绵体肌和坐骨耻骨肌重量及血清睾酮浓度显著降低;显策结构发生明显病理性改变,且上述变化与ＤＭ病程密切相关。揭示ＤＭ严重影响阴茎勃     

阴茎勃起功能障碍的研究进展

阴茎勃起功能障碍是一种多因素疾病，其发病机制十分复杂，迄今为止仍不十分清楚，近年来对勃起功能障碍的研究已取得了很大的进展，这对于指导临床治疗起到了重要的作用。     

阴茎勃起功能障碍的基因治疗

近２０年来，人们对于阳萎的病理生理学、诊断及治疗水平的认识有了很大进步，如阴茎中一氧化氮（ＮＯ）及其合酶（ＮＯＳ）的发现［１］、海绵体内注射（ＩＣＩ）、负压装置和阴茎假体的改良、尿道前列地尔（ａｌｐｒｏｓｔａｄｉｌ）栓剂［２］的应用等。特别是最近开发的口服药昔多芬（ｓｉｌｄｎａｆｉｌ，ｖｉａｇｒａ）已成为男科医生治疗阳萎的有效药物［３］。但是目前所有的治疗方法都有一定的局限性或副作用。因此应用分子生物学技术进一步深入研究阴茎勃起的病理生理学，以探讨阳萎基因治疗的方法和途径很有必要。近来分子生物学…     

胰岛素治疗糖尿病大鼠阴茎勃起功能障碍的研究

目的 观察糖尿病(diabetes mellitus,DM)大鼠胰岛素治疗后阴茎勃起功能的情况及阴茎海绵体细胞凋亡、Bcl-2和Bax的基因表达.方法 成年雄性Wistar大鼠50只.腹腔内注射链尿佐菌素(STZ)建立糖尿病动物模型,成模后8周根据阴茎勃起功能的情况,随机分成未行胰岛素治疗组(DM组)和胰岛素治疗组.胰岛素治疗组大鼠治疗16周后,处死并取阴茎海绵体,测血糖及糖化血红蛋白,用原位末端标记法(TUNEL)检测细胞凋亡,western blot方法检测阴茎组织Bcl-2、Bax蛋白的表达.结果 DM组大鼠阴茎勃起功能明显低于胰岛素组.胰岛素组血糖及糖化血红蛋白下降(P＜0.001),DM组大鼠较胰岛素治疗组大鼠阴茎海绵体凋亡细胞数明显增多,Bax表达增强,Bcl-2表达减弱.结论 DM大鼠胰岛素治疗后,阴茎海绵体细胞凋亡率减少,阴茎勃起功能改善,Bcl-2和Bax可能参与了DM大鼠阴茎海绵体细胞凋亡的基因调控.     

阴茎勃起功能障碍的研究进展

阴茎勃起功能障碍是一种多因素疾病，其发病机制十分复杂，迄今为止仍不十分清楚。近年来对勃起功能障碍的研究已取得了很大的进展，这对于指导临床治疗起到了重要的作用。     

中电导型钙依赖钾通道在糖尿病大鼠阴茎海绵体中的表达及意义

目的 探讨糖尿病对大鼠阴茎海绵体中电导钙激活性钾通道蛋白(IKCa)表达的影响以及意义.方法 选用SD雄性大鼠35只,随机选择25只用于制作糖尿病动物模型,剩余10只用于空白对照.造模成功后饲养8周,注射阿朴吗啡(APO),观察大鼠阴茎勃起,同时采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)和Western blot技术检测IKCa mRNA和蛋白在大鼠海绵体的表达.结果 DM组大鼠阴茎勃起和IKCa mRNA及蛋白表达均显著低于STZ组和NDM组(P<0.05),STZ组和NDM组之间大鼠阴茎勃起情况和IKCa mRNA及蛋白表达无统计学意义(P>0.05).绪论糖尿病可降低大鼠阴茎勃起功能,IKCa在糖尿病大鼠海绵体表达明显降低.糖尿病对大鼠阴茎勃起功能的影响与阴茎海绵体IKCa表达减少密切相关.     

肾移植后糖尿病

目的 研究肾移植后糖尿病（ＰＴＤＭ）的临床规律。方法 总结１９９２年１２月至１９９８年９月经治的２１例ＰＴＤＭ患者与同期非ＰＴＤＭ患者１０８例的资料比较。结果 本组ＰＴＤＭ总发病率为１６．３％。统计显示,ＰＴＤＭ组与非ＰＴＤＭ组在年龄、肾功能异常率（５７．１％及３０．５％）及阳性糖尿病家族史方面有显著性差异,但与环孢霉素谷Ａ浓度值及急性排异发生率无关。ＰＴＤＭ组并发高渗性非酮性糖尿病昏迷２例,各类     

社区糖尿病患者的群体干预效果分析

目的根据＂以患者为中心、以家庭为单位、以社区为范围＂的全科理念对糖尿病患者进行群体干预,以达到更为理想的治疗效果。方法将社区中168名糖尿病患者作为一个群体统一管理。结果群体干预效果明显优于针对某一患者治疗的专科模式,有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论糖尿病患者群体干预效果显著,在慢病管理中全科模式有明显优越性,值得提倡。     

糖尿病并发慢性骨髓炎的临床治疗方法探讨

目的;通过对39例糖尿病合并慢性骨髓炎治疗的回顾性分析,探讨糖尿病并发慢性骨髓炎的治疗方法。方法;分析2000年至2011年收治的39例糖尿病并发慢性骨髓炎患者,其中男23例,女16例,年龄21～81岁,平均45岁,患者均有不同程度的红肿热痛表现,病程均在3个月以上。其中,25例术前有窦道形成。术前均常规行引流液培养、X线及CT检查。27例行清创Ⅰ期植骨外固定术,12例行清创术,术后均联合抗生素治疗。通过比较治疗前后血沉、C-反应蛋白和血常规测量结果、术前术后穿刺结果及影像学检查综合评定治疗效果。结果:治疗前35例出现血沉增快,治疗后32例转阴;治疗前25例血常规异常,治疗后23例转阴;术前36例C-反应蛋白升高,治疗后33例转阴。治疗后病灶脓液培养均为阴性。39例中,临床治愈33例,4个月至4年内复发6例。结论:在常规慢性骨髓炎治疗的同时,应重视并积极治疗糖尿病,采用综合治疗方法能明显提高糖尿病并发慢性骨髓炎的治愈率。     

Ejaculatory dysfunction in men with diabetes mellitus

Diabetes mellitus(DM) is a metabolic disorder that is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to absolute or relative insulin deficiency, in the background of β-cell dysfunction, insulin resistance, or both. Such chronic hyperglycemia is linked to long-term damage to blood vessels, nerves, and various organs. Currently, the worldwide burden of DM and its complications is in increase. Male sexual dysfunction is one of the famous complications of DM, including abnormal orgasmic/ejaculatory functions, desire/libido, and erection. Ejaculatory dysfunction encompasses several disorders related to DM and its complications, such as premature ejaculation, anejaculation(AE), delayed ejaculation, retrograde ejaculation(RE), ejaculatory pain, anesthetic ejaculation, decreased ejaculate volume, and decreased force of ejaculation. The problems linked to ejaculatory dysfunction may extend beyond the poor quality of life in diabetics as both AE and RE are alleged to alter the fertility potential of these patients. However, although both diabetes patients and their physicians are increasingly aware of diabetic ejaculatory dysfunction, this awareness still lags behind that of other diabetes complications. Therefore, all these disorders should be looked for thoroughly during the clinical evaluation of diabetic men. Besides, introducing the suitable option and/or maneuvers to treat these disorders should be tailored according to each case. This review aimed to explore the most important findings regarding ejaculatory dysfunction in diabetes from pre-clinical and clinical perspectives.     

Effect of sleeve gastrectomy on patients with diabetes mellitus

BackgroundLimited data are available evaluating the effect of sleeve gastrectomy on the control of DM. Our objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of sleeve gastrectomy in improving glycemic control of obese patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) at a research clinic.MethodsA retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database collected between January 2005 and January 2007 was conducted. A total of 30 patients with DM who had undergone laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy were studied. At the 2- and 6-month follow-up visits, we analyzed the variation in glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting blood glucose, and body mass index.ResultsOf the 30 patients with ≥6 months postoperative follow-up, 22 (73%) had been taking medications for type 2 DM preoperatively. Resolution of DM was observed in 27% at 2 months and 63% at 6 months of follow-up. Glycosylated hemoglobin decreased from 6.36 ± .82 (n = 14) preoperatively to 6.02 ± .57 (n = 11) at 2 months and 5.92 ± .33, (n = 12) at 6 months after surgery. The body mass index decreased from 46.12 ± 10.86 (n = 30) preoperatively to 38.27 ± 6.59 (n = 30) at 2 months and 35.78 ± 5.11 (n = 29) at 6 months after surgery. Patients with a shorter duration of DM (<5 yr) and better weight loss after surgery achieved greater resolution rates.ConclusionThe improvement and resolution of DM in obese patients has been observed as a result of weight loss after sleeve gastrectomy.     

Abnormal regulation of neo-vascularisation in deep partial thickness scalds in rats with diabetes mellitus

Objective

This study observed the degree of neo-vascularisation and differential expression of angiogenesis growth factors and their receptor in deep partial-thickness scald wound with diabetes mellitus.

Methods

Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomised into a control group and an STZ-induced diabetic group, inflicted with partial-thickness scalding of 20% total body surface area (20% TBSA) on the back. Wound specimens were harvested immediately after scald and on 1, 3, 7, 10, 14 and 21 post-scald days (PSDs) to observe histological changes, and wound healing rates were calculated. The degree of neo-vascularisation in wound (labelled with blue microsphere) and the quantity of vascular endothelial cells (labelled with red CD31) were also measured by double-labelling immunofluorescence. Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1), Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), Tie-2, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Flt-1 messenger RNA (mRNA) were analysed by real-time RT-PCR. Ang-1, Ang-2 and VEGF protein expressions were measured by Western blotting.

Results

Wound healing was markedly impaired in diabetic rats. The diabetic rats show inhibited vascularity in the wound edge at every time point (the quantitation of vascularity was 60.0 ± 3.0 in the control group and 12.0 ± 1.4 in the diabetic group, p < 0.01 on day 7). Although neo-vascularisation in the number of endothelial cells was not significantly different compared with the normal group, part of new vascular endothelial cells did not form the vascular function. After injury, expression of Ang-2 mRNA and protein were increased in both groups, and the normal group showed decreases on day 7, 14 and 21, whereas the diabetic group showed significant increases. Although the expression VEGF and its receptors before injury was higher than the normal group, the level at 1, 3 and 7 days after injury was significantly lower than that 14 days, and that at 21 days after injury was significantly higher than the normal group.

Conclusion

Vascular endothelial cells can proliferate actively in the diabetic wound with deep partial-thickness burns, but it is still poor in blood supply due to lack of functional capillaries. The mechanism may be related to sustained abnormal high expression of Ang-2 and down-regulated VEGF.     

糖尿病肝损害研究进展

糖尿病与肝脏存在着一种极其复杂的双向互动关系.糖尿病可能造成肝脏多方面的损害,如非酒精性脂肪肝、肝硬化、肝脏肿瘤、细菌性肝脓肿、肝移植后多种并发症等.随着糖尿病发病率的逐年攀升,有必要对糖尿病肝损害展开深入的研究.本文就糖尿病肝损害最新进展做一综述.     

14例胰岛素依赖型糖尿病患者胚胎胰腺组织移植的远期临床分析

目的观察胰腺组织移植的远期效果。方法将胚胎胰腺制成１ｍｍ×１ｍｍ×１ｍｍ大小的组织块,经培养后移植至胰岛素依赖型糖尿病患者的大网膜及小网膜腔内。结果术后１４例患者的胰岛素用量均较术前减少,低血糖出现的时间为术后７～３７天。术后５年、６年、７年和８年的胰岛素用量分别为（４５．８６±１６．８３）Ｕ／ｄ、（４６．９１±１８．３４）Ｕ／ｄ、（４８．６０±１７．０２）Ｕ／ｄ和（５２．６７±１４．１４）Ｕ／ｄ,与术前比较,差异均有显著意义（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论胚胎胰腺组织移植具有一定的远期效果,可作为胰岛素依赖型糖尿病的一种有效的治疗方法;术后效果与移植的胰岛数量、质量及排斥反应有关