ICE在肾癌中的表达及与细胞凋亡率的关系

目的探讨白细胞介素１β转换酶（ＩＣＥ）在肾癌中的表达及与细胞凋亡的关系。方法用免疫组化及流式细胞技术，测定５２例肾癌和１４例癌旁正常肾组织ＩＣＥ的表达及细胞凋亡率。结果ＩＣＥ在肾癌细胞中的表达主要位于胞浆，阳性率为８９％，高于正常肾组织的３５％，Ｐ＜００１；阳性细胞含量为（７９４±１５５）％，高于正常肾组织的（３２７±９７）％，Ｐ＜００１，相对蛋白含量（ＦＩ值）为１５９±０１６，高于正常肾组织的０５６±００８，Ｐ＜００１，肾癌细胞凋亡率为（４２±１９）％，正常肾细胞凋亡率为（９２±１６）％；ＩＣＥ表达的ＦＩ值与肾癌细胞凋亡率呈正相关（ｒ＝０４６７，Ｐ＜００５）。结论ＩＣＥ的超表达使肾癌细胞具有更易于凋亡的趋势，是肾癌发生、发展的负调控因子，但未引起肾癌细胞凋亡率的明显改变，推测在肾癌中可能有ＩＣＥ的抑制因子存在或ＩＣＥ结构和功能的变异。     

TGFβ1及其I、II型受体在肾癌中的表达

目的探讨肾癌中转化生长因子β１（ＴＧＦβ１）及其Ｉ、Ｉ型受体（ＴＧＦβＲＩ、ＴＧＦβＲＩ）表达及其意义。方法采用免疫组化技术（ＳＰ法）对４６例肾癌,１１例正常肾组织ＴＧＦβ１、ＴＧＦβＲＩ、ＲＩ进行检测,结合临床资料进行分析。结果肾癌组ＴＧＦβ１表达量较正常肾组高（Ｐ＜０．０５）;ＴＧＦβＲＩ在肾癌组及正常肾组均表达;ＴＧＦβＲＩ在肾癌中阳性率较正常肾阳性率低（Ｐ＜０．０１）,ＴＧＦβＲＩ在高分期,高分级肾癌中表达阳性率较低分期、低分级肾癌低（Ｐ＜０．０５）;ＴＧＦβ１表达量低及ＴＧＦβＲＩ表达阴性肾癌者预后差。结论ＴＧＦβ１对肾癌是一种重要负性调节因子,可抑制肾癌进展,ＴＧＦβＲＩ缺失使ＴＧＦβ系统完整性受到破坏,ＴＧＦβ１失去负性调节作用。ＴＧＦβ１及ＴＧＦβＲＩ表达可做为判断肾癌预后的指标之一     

DNA拓扑异构酶Ⅱ在膀胱移行细胞癌的表达

目的探讨ＤＮＡ拓扑异构酶Ⅱ（ＴＯＰＯⅡ）与膀胱肿瘤的病理分级、临床分期及多药耐药的关系。方法应用抗ＤＮＡ拓扑异构酶Ⅱ单克隆抗体ＳＷＴ３Ｄ１对６４例膀胱移行细胞癌进行免疫组化研究。结果ＤＮＡ拓扑异构酶Ⅱ增殖指数随肿瘤细胞分级增高而逐步升高,Ｇ１、Ｇ２、Ｇ３分别为（５６±１７）％、（１３７±１０２）％、（２３２±１５７）％（Ｐ＜００５）,ＴＯＰＯⅡ在膀胱癌的表达与临床分期和复发无相关性（Ｐ＞００５）。结论ＴＯＰＯⅡ指数与膀胱癌的生物学特性相关,可作为恶性度较客观的指标     

婴幼儿食管裂孔滑疝与单纯胃食管反流的食管动力和pH分析

目的：了解婴幼儿食管裂孔滑疝（ＳＨＨ组）和单纯胃食管反流（ＧＥＲ组）的食管动力和ｐＨ特点。方法：对１５例经钡餐造影（ＧＩ）和手术证实的ＳＨＨ和１３例单纯ＧＥＲ病儿进行了食管动力和２４小时食管ｐＨ监测。结果：反流参数ＳＨＨ组和ＧＥＲ组食管下段括约肌长度（ＬＥＳＬ）［（１３１±０３１）ｃｍ对（１９０±０４６）ｃｍ］、压力（ＬＥＳＰ）［（１２１５±５６３）ｍｍＨｇ对（２３８５±７５０）ｍｍＨｇ］、屏障压（ＢＰ）［（９３８±５６３）ｍｍＨｇ对（２２２０±７５０）ｍｍＨｇ］,ＳＨＨ组均明显低于ＧＥＲ组（Ｐ＜００１）,而胃内压（ＧＰ）ＳＨＨ组高于ＧＥＲ组［（２１８±０６８）ｍｍＨｇ对（１５０±０３０）ｍｍＨｇ］,Ｐ＜００１。两组均有病理性反流,ＳＨＨ组反流参数除ｐＨ＜４反流次数外均高于ＧＥＲ组（Ｐ＜００１）。结论：ＳＨＨ的食管抗反流功能比单纯ＧＥＲ病儿明显低下,反流更严重。临床应对ＧＥＲ病儿特别是可疑ＳＨＨ者应定期进行食管动力和２４小时食管ｐＨ监测。     

TGFβ1及其Ⅰ,Ⅱ型受体在肾癌中的表达

目的 探讨肾癌中转化生长因子β１（ＴＧＦβ１）及其Ⅰ、Ⅱ型受体（ＴＧＦβ－Ｒ－Ｉ、ＴＧＦβ－Ｒ－ＩＩ）表达及其意义。方法 采用免疫组化技术（ＳＰ法）对４６例肾癌例,１１例正常肾组织ＴＧＦβ１、ＴＧＦβ－Ｒ－Ｉ、Ｒ－ＩＩ进行检测,结合临床资料进行分析。结果 肾癌组ＴＧＦβ１表达量较正常肾组高（Ｐ〈０．０５）;ＴＧＦβ－Ｒ－ＩＩ在肾癌组及正常肾组均表达;ＴＧＦβ－Ｒ－Ｉ在肾癌中阳性率较正常肾阳性率低（     

血管内皮生长因子在肾细胞癌中的表达及意义

研究肾细胞癌血管内皮生长因子（ＶＥＧＦ）的表达及其与肿瘤转移、分期、病理类型及预后的关系。采用抗ＶＥＧＦ的多克隆抗体免疫组织化学技术染色（ＬｓＡＢ法）研究６１例肾癌组织切片。结果显示：４５９％（２８／６１）的肾癌ＶＥＧＦ表达阳性，淋巴结和（或）血行转移的ＶＥＧＦ表达率（７７８％）明显高于非转移者（３２６％，Ｐ＜００１）；阳性表达者五年生存率（２９１％）明显低于阴性表达者（８４６％，Ｐ＜００１）；Ⅰ、Ⅱ期阳性表达低于Ⅲ、Ⅳ期（Ｐ＜００５）；但与性别、年龄及肿瘤的病理类型无关。ＶＥＧＦ除在癌细胞胞浆和胞膜表达外，尚表达于肿瘤基质血管和邻近肿瘤的正常肾小管胞浆、肾小球和血管内皮及血管平滑肌胞膜。认为ＶＥＧＦ除由肿瘤细胞合成外，可能尚表达于邻近肿瘤的正常肾小管胞浆，ＶＥＧＦ表达有助于肾癌预后判断及指导治疗，ＶＥＧＦ可能是肿瘤血管的良好标记物，设法抑制ＶＥＧＦ可望成为肾癌治疗的有效方法。     

人肝癌裸鼠转移模型中纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂变化与肝癌生物学特性

目的研究纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂（ＰＡＩ１）与肝细胞癌（ＨＣＣ）生物学特性的关系。方法构建ＬＣＩＤ２０人肝细胞癌裸鼠转移模型（肝癌转移模型）４０例,用ＰＡＩ１试剂盒和ＰＡＩ１单抗分别做酶活性检测和免疫组化,观测肝癌转移模型发展过程中ＰＡＩ１的变化。结果肝癌转移模型从肿瘤发生早期（２周）至晚期（５周）,血浆ＰＡＩ１从６２±１８Ａｕ／ｍｌ增至１５４±０７Ａｕ／ｍｌ,Ｐ＜００５。肿瘤组织中ＰＡＩ１从０４±０１Ａｕ／ｍｇ增至０８±０３Ａｕ／ｍｇ;血浆中ＰＡＩ１改变与肿瘤大小和ＡＦＰ变化相关（ｒ＝０９６４８和ｒ＝０９５４４,Ｐ＜００５和Ｐ＜００５）。结论肝癌转移模型肿瘤组织及血浆中ＰＡＩ１随ＨＣＣ病程进展逐步升高。ＰＡＩ１与ＨＣＣ肿瘤增长和ＡＦＰ升高有良好的相关性。ＰＡＩ１与ＨＣＣ侵袭性及预后密切相关     

肾癌患者TGF-β1表达和肿瘤微血管密度检测的临床意义

目的探讨转化生长因子β１（ＴＧＦβ１）在肾癌中的表达和肿瘤微血管密度（ＭＶＤ）与肿瘤侵袭的关系。方法采用免疫组化方法对３２例肾癌和６例正常肾组织进行ＴＧＦβ１多克隆抗体和第Ⅷ因子相关抗原（ＶＷＦ：Ａｇ）单克隆抗体染色。观察肾癌组织和正常肾组织ＴＧＦβ１表达与ＭＶＤ之间的相关性。结果ＴＧＦβ１在正常肾组织中仅１例呈阳性表达,而在肾癌组织中阳性表达２８例,两者之间差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．００５）;肾癌组织中ＴＧＦβ１表达强度与肿瘤间质微血管密度之间存在正相关性;二者与肾癌周围组织有无侵袭存在显著相关性（Ｐ＜０．０５）,但与肿瘤大小无关（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论ＴＧＦβ１表达是肾癌的恶性表型之一,且有可能促进肿瘤微血管的形成,上述二项指标对评估肾癌的预后有重要意义。     

肿瘤血管生成与大肠癌肝转移

目的分析大肠癌肿瘤血管生成与转移、预后的关系。方法用免疫组化法检测６１例大肠癌手术标本肿瘤组织微血管密度（ＭＶＤ）、血管内皮生长因子（ＶＥＧＦ）的表达。结果ＭＶＤ计数为（２７０±８４）、ＶＥＧＦ表达为（５９７５±１２３６）％,二者与肝、淋巴结转移明显相关（Ｐ＜００１、Ｐ＜００５）。ＭＶＤ计数与术后生存率明显相关（Ｐ＜００１）。结论ＭＶＤ计数与大肠癌肝转移、生存率明显相关,可作为一个新的具有参考意义的预后判断指标。     

肠缺血再灌注损伤后内毒素增敏作用及其机制的初步探讨

目的探讨肠缺血再灌注损伤（Ｉ／Ｒ）对内毒素的增敏作用及其机制。方法大鼠肠系膜上动脉阻断４５ｍｉｎ后松夹进行再灌注,静脉注射低剂量内毒素（ＬＰＳ,１５ｍｇ／ｋｇ）。观察动物多脏器功能指标及体外诱生肿瘤坏死因子（ＴＮＦ）的改变。结果Ｉ／Ｒ＋ＬＰＳ组显著加重全身血流动力学异常改变和肝、肺、肠等器官功能损害（Ｐ＜００１）。而单纯ＬＰＳ组或Ｉ／Ｒ组上述指标改变较轻或无明显异常。体外试验显示,当ＬＰＳ刺激浓度≤１０ｎｇ／ｍｌ时,抗ＣＤ１４单抗可显著抑制全血ＴＮＦ的诱生（Ｐ＜００５～００１）,且Ｉ／Ｒ组抗ＣＤ１４单抗对ＬＰＳ诱导ＴＮＦ的抑制率明显高于伤前值或假手术组（Ｐ＜００５～００１）。结论Ｉ／Ｒ可显著提高机体对ＬＰＳ攻击的敏感性,其机理与体内ＣＤ１４依赖途径的作用增强有关。     

直肠癌及癌前病变中DNA倍体的测定及临床意义

目的 检测直肠癌及癌前病变细胞内的DNA倍体及DNA指数(DI值),探讨其临床意义.方法 应用流式细胞仪(FCM),对320例新鲜直肠组织细胞的细胞核进行DNA倍体测定,其中正常组25例,增生性息肉组25例,绒毛状腺瘤组150例,直肠癌组120例,检测其异倍体检出率和DNA指数.结果 直肠癌组的DNA异倍体检出率(76.67%)显著高于正常组(0.00%)、增生性息肉组(0.00%)、无不典型增生的绒毛状腺瘤组(10.00%)及伴轻度(13.33%)、中度(20.00%)、重度(44.00%)不典型增生的绒毛状腺瘤组(P<0.01),绒毛状腺瘤伴重度不典型增生组的DNA异倍体检出率显著高于正常组、增生性息肉组、无不典型增生的绒毛状腺瘤组及伴轻度、中度不典型增生的绒毛状腺瘤组(P<0.01).随着直肠癌的组织学分化程度降低,其DNA异倍体DI值呈增加趋势且差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 DNA倍体的检测有助于了解肿瘤细胞的增殖及恶性程度,在直肠癌的诊断和鉴别诊断、监测病情变化、判断预后方面均有一定意义.     

Localized renal-cell carcinoma: detection of abnormal cells in peritumoral tissue

Summary To spare organ function, partial resection of early diagnosed renal-cell carcinoma (RCC) is applied for well-localized and small-volume RCC with increasing frequency, although recurrence of the tumor in the same kidney is occasionally observed. The aim of the present study was to establish objective prognostic parameters that would allow the selection of tumors suitable for an organ-saving procedure. Of the 160 patients undergoing a radical nephrectomy, 67 were included in this study. In 7/45 patients with lymph-node dissection (15.6%), clinical staging revealed a false-negative lymph-node status. By means of conventional histopathology, multifocality could be demonstrated in 2/67 patients (3%); in 1/67 patients (1.5%), the ipsilateral adrenal gland was unexpectantly tumor-involved. Both tumor tissue and normal peritumoral tissue were examined for the presence of premalignant and tumor cells on the basis of DNA ploidy and of the expression of the tumor-associated G250 antigen, which is specifically expressed at the surface of renal cancer cells. In 40/67 (59.1%) peritumoral tissue specimens, cells with an abnormal DNA content could be observed using automated image analysis. In 12/67 cases (18%), cells obtained from peritumoral tissue also showed an aneuploid DNA histogram; 4/67 (6%) had a tumor-correlated DNA ploidy. Additionally, 38/67 (56.9%) of these tissues, histopathologically classified as normal, contained cells expressing the G250 antigen. These observations were independent of the stage or histological grade of the tumor. These data indicate that classic pathological parameters for tumor staging are insufficient for the detection of multifocality, occurring in more than 15% of cases. Additionally, it was shown that examination of tissue adjacent to the RCC allowed a specific detection of abnormal cells revealing abnormal ploidy or altered expression of tumor-associated antigens as compared with normal renal tissue in nearly 60% of cases investigated. The clinical relevance of this observation remains to be determined.     

金属硫蛋白和肿瘤增殖抗原在肾癌组织中的表达及意义

目的　探讨金属硫蛋白 (MT)和肿瘤增殖抗原 (Ki 67)在肾癌组织中的表达及意义。　方法　应用免疫组化SABC法检测 5 9例肾癌患者组织标本及 19例正常肾组织标本中MT及Ki 67蛋白表达 ,流式细胞术检测DNA含量及S期比例。　结果　MT在肾癌及正常肾组织中的阳性表达率分别为 5 2 .5 %和 78.9% (P <0 .0 5 ) ;G1表达率高于G2 、G3(P <0 .0 1) ,Ⅰ、Ⅱ期高于Ⅲ、Ⅳ期 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,有无淋巴结转移之间差别有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 1) ,不同直径肿瘤之间差别无显著性意义 (P>0 .0 5 )。MT( )及MT( - )患者术后 5年生存率分别为 5 8.1%和 2 8.6% (P <0 .0 5 )。肾癌组织Ki 67指数高于正常肾组织 (P <0 .0 1) ,且与病理分级、临床分期相关 ;Ki 67指数较高者 ,MT表达率较低 ,MT表达率及Ki 67指数分别与S期比例显著相关。　结论　MT及Ki 67蛋白可能参与肾癌的发生、进展及转移过程 ,可作为肾癌细胞增殖及预后估计的参考指标。     

肺腺癌患者术前肿瘤异常蛋白检测的临床意义

目的探讨肺腺癌患者肿瘤异常蛋白(Tumor abnormal protein,TAP)表达水平与患者临床特征、EGFR(表皮生长因子受体基因)突变、肿瘤标志物表达及术后病理特征的关系。方法收集2017-11—2019-04间郑州大学第一附属医院胸外科术前行TAP及肿瘤标志物检测、术后病理证实为肺腺癌并行EGFR检测的167例患者的资料。对检测结果、EGFR突变情况及术后病理特征行统计学分析。结果性别、年龄、是否抽烟与TAP阳性检出率无相关性,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。TAP阳性检出率与肿瘤直径、淋巴结转移、病理分期、分化程度及腺癌组织学亚型相关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。EGFR突变率与TAP表达水平相关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。肿瘤标志物整体阳性检出率为45.51%(76/167),与TAP阳性检出率为68.86%(115/167)比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论肺腺癌患者血清TAP表达与肿瘤标志物相关且具有更高的灵敏性,TAP与术后病理特征密切相关且对预测EGFR突变及突变类型具有一定价值。     

Prognostic significance of clinicopathologic and deoxyribonucleic acid flow cytometric variables in non-metastatic renal cell carcinoma in the modern era

OBJECTIVE: The prognostic value of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) ploidy in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is not well-defined among modern surgical nephrectomy series. We sought to determine which variables correlated with overall survival and recurrence-free survival in the modern era. METHODS: We reviewed all patients from 1992 to 2000, who prospectively had DNA ploidy analysis of their primary tumor determined at the time of nephrectomy for nonmetastatic RCC. Variables examined included age, gender, ethnicity, presentation (incidental vs. symptomatic), preoperative laboratory studies, American Society for Anesthesiology class, tumor size, tumor-nodes-metastasis stage, histology, Fuhrman grade, and diploid versus nondiploid tumor. Statistical analyses of overall survival and recurrence-free survival were performed using the Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test, and Cox regression model using commercially available software. RESULTS: Sixty men and 41 women, median age 61 years (range, 23-85), were included. Pathologic stage included T1 (54 patients), T2 (14), and T3 (33). Eighty-four patients had conventional RCC. A total of 58 patients had well-differentiated (Fuhrman Grade 1 [12] or Grade 2 [46]), 28 had moderately differentiated (Grade 3), 12 had poorly differentiated tumors (Grade 4), and 3 were not specified. There were 52 patients who had diploid tumors, and 49 had aneuploid tumors. Median follow-up was 39 months (range, 0-109). Actuarial 5-year overall survival was 70%, and 5-year recurrence-free survival was 76%. Diploid tumors were significantly associated with better recurrence-free survival (P = 0.02) but not overall survival (P = 0.17). On multivariate analysis, the American Society for Anesthesiology class (P = 0.01), abnormal preoperative platelet count (P = 0.03), and tumor differentiation (P = 0.01) were independent predictors of overall survival, whereas only tumor differentiation (P = 0.05) was an independent predictor of recurrence-free survival. CONCLUSIONS: In the modern era, DNA ploidy is not an independent predictor of either overall survival or recurrence-free survival in patients with nonmetastatic RCC. The most important predictor of recurrence-free survival is tumor differentiation.     

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目的 通过术前检测细胞DNA倍体情况，探讨DNA指数（DI）在胰腺癌诊断中的应用价值。方法 选取疑诊胰腺癌病人30例行术前B超引导经皮穿刺，涂片行HE和改良eulgen法染色，用ICM进行DNA含量测定。结果 在最终确诊的27例胰腺癌中，异倍体25例，其中HE诊断的敏感性是66.67%，DI值诊断的敏感性为92.6%，其差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05），良现变3例均不属异倍体。在HE漏诊的9个病例中，8例根据DI值可作出正确判断，3例良性的DI值无假阳性结果。结论 细针穿刺细胞DNA含量检测在术前胰腺癌的确诊中有着较重要的应用价值。     

Twist、E-钙粘蛋白在肾癌转移进展中的意义

目的探讨Twist蛋白和E-钙粘蛋白在人肾细胞癌(renal cell carcinoma,RCC)组织中的表达及其相关性。方法应用免疫组织化学SABC染色方法检测40例RCC及癌旁正常组织中Twist蛋白、E-钙粘蛋白的表达情况,分析二者相关性。结果 RCC组织中Twist蛋白的阳性表达率(87.5%)明显高于癌旁肾组织中Twist蛋白的阳性表达率(32.5%);RCC组织中E-钙粘蛋白的阳性表达率(12.5%)明显低于其在癌旁肾组织中的阳性表达率(95.0%),Twist蛋白和E-钙粘蛋白表达在肾癌组织和癌旁组织中的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。其中Twist的异常表达与RCC病理分级、临床分期、淋巴结转移呈正相关(P<0.05),E-钙粘蛋白的异常表达与RCC病理分级、临床分期、淋巴结转移呈负相关(P<0.05),而两者与患者的性别、肿瘤直径、年龄无相关性(P>0.05)。结论 Twist蛋白可能是RCC发生、发展及浸润转移的重要因素之一。     

Clinical significance of flow cytometric deoxyribonucleic acid measurements of deparaffinized specimens in bladder tumors.

A retrospective study of flow cytometric measurements on paraffin-embedded tumor specimens from 188 patients with bladder tumor was conducted. Results were analyzed in combination with the morphological variation in bladder tumors. It was found that the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) ploidy pattern, the degree of infiltration and the multiplicity of bladder tumor were closely related with tumor recurrence, among which the DNA ploidy pattern was most significant. In aneuploid bladder tumors, the recurrence rate and the mean annual recurrence frequency were 76.7% and 1.46, respectively, and in the diploid bladder tumors, they were 18.7% and 0.33, respectively. Aneuploidy was the most indicative parameter of recurrence in bladder tumors. In addition, according to the DNA content and the ploidy level of the aneuploid cell lines, the aneuploid tumors in our group were divided into four types, namely tetraploid tumors, noneuploid tumors with an DNA index (DI) less than or equal to 1.5, hypotetraploid tumors and aneuploid tumors with several cell lines. The results showed that the recurrence rate of tetraploid tumors was relatively lower, and it became higher and higher in the following order: noneuploid tumors with DI less than or equal to 1.5, noneuploid tumors with DI greater than 1.5, and two-aneuploid tumors. This indicates that there are different biological behaviors in tumors with different ploidy patterns. Finally, the correlation between the DNA ploidy pattern and tumor metastases was also discussed.     

Ezrin在肾细胞癌中的表达及其意义

目的探讨埃兹蛋白（Ezrin）在肾癌中的表达及其意义。方法采用免疫组化SP法检测53例肾细胞癌、21例癌旁肾组织和7例正常肾组织中Ezrin的表达。结果在53例肾细胞癌中,Ezrin阳性率为83.0%（44/53）,弱阳性率17.0%（9/53）,平均免疫反应积分为3.97±0.79;21例癌周组织中Ezrin阳性率9.5%（2/21）,呈弱阳性90.5%（19/21）,平均免疫反应积分2.12±0.89;在7例正常肾组织中,染色均呈弱阳性,平均免疫反应积分2.71±0.49。Ezrin在肾癌中表达水平显著高于其在癌旁肾组织、正常肾组织中表达水平（P〈0.05）;Ezrin的表达水平与肾癌的肿瘤大小、核分级、临床分期、静脉癌栓形成、淋巴结转移具有相关性。结论 Ezrin在肾癌中高表达,且其水平与肿瘤的临床病例特征相关,提示Ezrin在肾癌的侵袭和转移中起重要作用。     

应用流式细胞技术及病理检测对直肠癌手术切除范围的再探讨

目的探讨直肠癌根治术合理的手术范围。方法应用病理检测和流式细胞技术,对30例直肠癌全直肠系膜切除术标本进行分析,观察直肠癌组织和癌远端3cm和5cm、正常肠管组织和癌旁3cm和5cm直肠系膜及正常结肠系膜组织的DNA倍体、DNA指数（DI）、增殖指数（PI）和增殖期细胞百分比（SPF）值的变化,并与病理检测相对照。结果病理检测结果显示：直肠癌远端3cm和5cm肠管中均未检测到癌浸润．而癌旁3cm和5cm直肠系膜癌转移率分别为26．7％和6．7％。流式细胞技术检测结果显示：癌组织的DI、P1和SPF值显著高于癌远端3cm和5cm及正常肠管组织,癌远端3cm肠管组织也显著高于癌远端5cm及正常肠管组织,而癌远端5cm肠管与正常肠管比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。癌组织细胞异倍体率与癌远端3cm肠管比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;而显著高于癌远端5cm及正常肠管组织。癌组织的DI和异倍体率与癌旁3cm和5cm直肠系膜组织相比,差异无统计学意义．但显著高于正常系膜,而癌旁3cm和5cm直肠系膜组织的DI和异倍体率亦显著高于正常系膜。癌组织P1和SPF则显著高于癌旁3cm和5cm及正常系膜。结论病理学分析结果显示．直肠癌远端3cm肠管组织为安全组织;而流式细胞学分析结果显示．直肠癌远端3cm肠管组织和癌旁5cm直肠系膜为不安全组织;手术切除范围应达癌远端系膜5cm以上。