含氟牙膏刷牙后菌斑和唾液中氟离子浓度的变化

目的 :测定正常人使用含氟牙膏刷牙后 ,菌斑及唾液中氟离子浓度 ,并探讨其对龋病预防的意义。方法 :选择 16名自愿者 ,用离子选择性氟电极测定含氟牙膏刷牙后 2小时菌斑及唾液中氟离子浓度 ,并与基线水平相比较。结果 :含氟牙膏刷牙后 2小时 ,牙菌斑及唾液中氟浓度分别为 5 1.5 5± 14.15 μg/g菌斑湿重和 13.36± 3.81μmol/L ,较基线水平有显著性提高 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :用含氟牙膏刷牙后使菌斑和唾液达到并维持的氟浓度 ,尤其是菌斑中氟浓度 ,可有效地抑制菌斑细菌的糖酵解过程 ,从而起到预防龋病发生的作用     

选择性微电极测定唾液中氟离子的初步探讨

目的 :研制氟离子选择性微电极 (F -ISME)并探讨其在口腔领域应用的可行性。方法 :采用氟化镧电极晶体 (LaF3:EU :Ca)为敏感膜制备F -ISME ,并进行各项性能测试 ,结合氟离子选择性电极 (F -ISE)对成人唾液样本的氟离子进行检测和对比分析。结果 :F -ISME的检测下限为 2 .5× 10 -6 mol/L ,试样的加标回收率平均为 95 .5 % ,线性范围、重现性、稳定性、响应时间、pH范围等各项性能良好 ,对唾液中氟离子的测定与F -ISE基本一致。结论 :F -ISME具有简便、快速、敏感、准确的性能 ,在口腔研究领域有较好的应用前景     

氯化镧对人牙龈成纤维细胞增殖的影响

目的:检测不同浓度氯化镧(La3 )对人牙龈成纤维细胞(HGF)增殖的影响。方法:体外培养HGF,用四唑盐法(MTT)检测6种浓度La3 (1×10-6、1×10-5、5×10-5、1×10-4、1×10-3及1×10-2 mol/L)对HGF的作用。结果: 1×10-2 mol/L的La3 能抑制HGF的生长, 1×10-6、1×10-5、5×10-5、1×10-4及1×10-3 mol/L的La3 对HGF生长无抑制作用。结论: 1×10-2 mol/L浓度的La3 对HGF增殖有抑制作用, 1×10-4 mol/L以下浓度的La3 对HGF无抑制作用。     

阳极氧化表面处理对纯钛腐蚀性能的影响

目的：模拟口腔环境,研究阳极氧化纯钛试样在不同氟离子浓度人工唾液中的腐蚀情况。方法：采用塔菲尔（tafel）曲线测试,测定阳极氧化纯钛试样及自然氧化纯钛试样在不同氟离子（F^-）浓度（500×10^-6、750×10^-6、1000×10^-6）人工唾液中的自腐蚀电流密度（Icorr）、极化电阻（Rp）,并以人工唾液为对照组进行比较分析。场发射扫描电镜（FSEM）观察不同纯钛试样腐蚀前后形貌。结果：F^-和阳极氧化对纯钛腐蚀性的影响均有显著性,P〈0.05。1.纯钛试样在含氟人工唾液中Icorr明显增大,Rp明显减小,腐蚀速度加快。2.对纯钛试样进行阳极氧化后,在四种腐蚀介质中Icorr均明显减小,Rp明显增大,腐蚀速度减慢。3.纯钛试样在F-浓度为500×10^-6人工唾液中Icorr最大,Rp最小,腐蚀速度最快。结论：人工唾液中加入F-后纯钛试样的腐蚀加重,且在F-浓度为500×10^-6时纯钛试样腐蚀最严重;阳极氧化可以显著提高纯钛试样的耐腐蚀性。     

氟化物涂膜后唾液氟浓度的变化

目的 观察并比较使用氟化物涂膜及氟化钠溶液后，唾液中氟离子浓度的变化。方法 选取20例5岁儿童。随机分为氟化钠涂膜组和氟化钠溶液组，每组10例。使用氟化物前及使用后0．25h、0．5h、lh、2h、6h、12h、24h分别留取非刺激性全唾液，唾液离心后用氟离子选择电极法测定唾液中的氟离子浓度。结果 使用氟化钠涂膜后0．25h、0．5h、lh、2h、6h，唾液中氟离子浓度高于用氟前；使用后0．5—6h，唾液中氟离子浓度高于使用氟化钠溶液组。结论 氟化钠涂膜与氟化钠溶液相比。能延长氟化物和牙釉质接触的时间和浓度。     

唾液肌酐和尿酸的酶法测定及其应用

目的　探讨唾液肌酐和尿酸的酶法测定及其与血清肌酐和尿酸的关系。方法　用肌氨酸氧化酶测定唾液肌酐 ,尿酸酶 -过氧化物酶法测尿酸 ,与血清肌酐和尿酸作对照分析。结果　健康人唾液肌酐和尿酸分别为 13.2 7± 5 .15 μmol/L和 10 8.2± 2 5 .4 μmol/L;唾液肌酐与血清肌酐浓度显著相关 (r =0 .88,P <0 .0 1) ,唾液尿酸与血清尿酸亦显著相关 (r=0 .5 3,P <0 .0 1)。结论　唾液肌酐浓度测定可用于慢性肾脏疾病经常性监测手段。     

口腔扁平苔藓患者唾液中亚硝酸根的测定及其意义

目的 :探讨口腔扁平苔藓 (OLP)患者唾液中一氧化氮 (NO)水平的变化。方法 :采用示波极谱法测定了 6 0例OLP患者 (糜烂型 30例、光滑型 30例 )唾液中NO2 -浓度 ,按性别及年龄 2∶1配对 ,同期收集 30例健康志愿者唾液为对照组。并以浓度Χ唾液流量计算唾液NO2 -产出。结果 :所得数据表明 :糜烂型OLP组唾液NO2 -浓度 2 2 .6 9± 15 .0 3μmol/L ,显著高于健康对照组 (10 .74± 7.98μmol/L) (P <0 .0 5 )与光滑型OLP组 (11.5 5± 6 .5 2 μmol/L) ,P <0 .0 0 2。结论 :本研究中发现OLP患者唾液NO2 -水平上调 ,这种差异主要在于糜烂型OLP患者。推论NO可能在OLP发病及发展中起一定作用。本研究为进一步研究NO在OLP发病及发展中的作用奠定了初步基础     

氟离子及阳极氧化对纯钛耐腐蚀性的影响

目的:模拟口腔环境,研究氟离子(F-)及阳极氧化对纯钛耐腐蚀性的影响。方法:采用塔菲尔(tafel)曲线测试,测定自然氧化纯钛试样及阳极氧化纯钛试样在不同氟离子浓度(500 mg/L、750 mg/L、1 000 mg/L)人工唾液中的自腐蚀电流(Icorr)、自腐蚀电位(Ecorr),并以人工唾液为对照组进行比较分析。场发射扫描电镜(FSEM)观察不同纯钛试样腐蚀前后形貌。结果:F-和阳极氧化对纯钛的腐蚀性均有显著影响(P<0.05)。纯钛试样在含氟人工唾液中Icorr明显增大,腐蚀速度加快。对纯钛试样进行阳极氧化表面处理后,在4种腐蚀介质中Icorr均明显减小,腐蚀速度减慢。纯钛试样在F-浓度为500mg/L人工唾液中Icorr最大,腐蚀速度最快。结论:人工唾液中加入F-后纯钛腐蚀加重,阳极氧化可提高纯钛的耐腐蚀性。     

氟化钠对人牙周膜细胞增殖及矿化能力的影响

目的:观察氟化钠对体外培养的人牙周膜细胞增殖及矿化能力的影响,为氟添加入牙周组织工程药物中的应用提供依据.方法:原代培养并鉴定人牙周膜细胞,应用CCK8检测不同浓度NaF对hPDLCs增殖的影响,并筛选出4个浓度用于矿化实验.矿化条件下,将0、1×10-5、5×10-4和1×10-3 mol/L的NaF作用hPDLCs后,通过碱性磷酸酶(ALP)染色、茜素红染色和实时荧光定量PCR检测矿化能力及成骨相关基因的表达.采用SPSS20.0软件包对数据进行单因素方差分析.结果:5×10-5、1×10-4、5×10-4 mol/L的NaF均能促进hPDLCs增殖,且以5×10-4 mol/L效果最佳(P＜0.05).而1×104 mol/L的NaF碱性磷酸酶染色阳性面积最大、茜素红染色矿化结节数量最多(P＜0.05).RT-PCR结果根据时间、指标变化程度较大.结论:5×10-5、1×10-4、5×10-4 mol/L的NaF能促进hPDLCs的增殖能力,1×10-5 mol/L的NaF能提高hPDLCs的碱性磷酸酶活性及钙结节形成.     

含镧制剂对根面抗龋作用的最低有效浓度的研究

目的 :比较不同浓度的含镧 (La)漱口水和凝胶对根面的防龋作用 ,并确定这两种剂型的最低有效浓度。方法 :在体外模拟口腔 pH循环变化的环境中 ,采用不同浓度的含La漱口水 ( 10 0× 10 -6-2 0 0 0× 10 -6mmol/L)及凝胶 ( 5 0 0 0× 10 -6 10 0 0 0× 10 -6mmol/L) ,对离体人牙根面进行抑制脱钙的实验研究 ,并借助偏光显微镜、电子探针及能谱分析手段 ,对不同浓度的La3 在根面的抑制脱矿作用进行定性和定量分析。结果 :5 0 0× 10 -6mmol/L以上含La3 漱口水及 10 0 0 0× 10 -6mmol/L以上含La3 凝胶均具有防龋作用 ,且其脱矿深度无显著差别 .结论 :5 0 0× 10 -6mmol/L和 10 0 0 0× 10 -6mmol/L的La3 含量分别是这两种制剂防治根龋的最低有效浓度 ,而使用含镧漱口水制剂可能更适合老年人根龋的防治。     

Effect in vitro acidification on plaque fluid composition with and without a NaF or a controlled-release fluoride rinse

Plaque fluid ion concentration changes, especially fluoride, in response to the pH decrease associated with a cariogenic episode are important components of the caries process. A "controlled-release" (CR) fluoride rinse, based on the controlled release of fluoride in the presence of calcium, has been shown to form large fluoride reservoirs in resting plaque. In this study, the in vitro acid-induced release of fluoride, and other ions, was examined in 48-hour-fasted plaque fluid from subjects (n = 11) who received no rinse, or who used a 228-ppm CR or NaF fluoride rinse 1 hr before being sampled. After collection, the plaque was centrifuged to yield plaque fluid, acidified (0.1 microL of 0.5 mol/L HCl per milligram plaque), and then re-centrifuged before a second sample was obtained. Although previous studies indicated a higher plaque fluid fluoride after the new rinse relative to NaF, no statistically significant difference was observed here. Average fluoride release after acidification (average pH, 5.2) was statistically greater following the use of the CR rinse (153 micromol/L) compared with the NaF rinse (17 micromol/L). No fluoride release was seen in the no-rinse samples. The pH, free calcium, phosphate, acetate, propionate, and buffer capacity were not affected by the different amounts of fluoride deposited in the plaque. However, following acid addition, an increase in free calcium and phosphate was observed, which was also independent of the rinse. The large release of fluoride following acidification suggests that the new rinse may provide an improved cariostatic effect.     

粘贴含氟正畸托槽后菌斑和唾液中氟离子的变化

目的 测定粘贴含氟正畸托槽后,口腔内菌斑及唾液氟离子浓度的变化,探讨采用含氟正畸托槽预防牙釉质脱矿的意义.方法 选择10名志愿者,口腔内粘贴含氟正畸托槽.用离子选择性氟电极测定口腔内菌斑及唾液氟离子浓度,并与粘贴托槽前的基线水平相比较.结果 粘贴含氟正畸托槽后,菌斑及唾液中氟浓度均升高,唾液氟浓度持续3天高于基线水平,...     

Prophylactic mineral enrichment of approximal dental plaque

Most research on the chemical modification of dental plaque has used material from buccal and lingual smooth surfaces of teeth--plaque that is readily accessible to treatment solutions. The aim of this study was to test, on the more sheltered approximal plaque, the effect of a mouthrinse previously found to be effective in raising calcium, phosphate, and fluoride concentrations in accessible plaque. Five young adults participated in a blind, cross-over trial to compare a Ca-P-MFP-urea test rinse and a NaCl placebo rinse. For 6 days, subjects rinsed twice per day after their normal toothbrushing, using 10 ml of rinse solution for 30 seconds and a fresh 10 ml for a further 30 seconds. A non-fluoride toothpaste was used and normal flossing was withheld. Plaque was collected before rinsing and again 16 hours after the final rinse from all approximal sites except those between the lower anterior teeth. Pre- and post-rinse calcium values were 291 +/- 100 and 511 +/- 107 nmol/mg protein (mean +/- SD) respectively for the test rinse, and 368 +/- 223 and 306 +/- 125 nmol/mg protein respectively for the placebo. Analysis of variance showed that the test rinse had a significant effect on plaque calcium but not on phosphate or fluoride. Mean calcium values of about 2,400 nmol/mg protein have been obtained previously in smooth-surface plaque after use of the test rinse. The reduced effect here is probably due to restricted access of the rinse solution.     

The Effect of Common Infant Foods on Plaque pH

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of cow's milk, milk plus sugar, milk plus honey and formula on plaque pH when compared to a 10% sucrose solution in 8- to 12-year-old children. Materials and Methods: Plaque pH was measured using a pH microelectrode at baseline to determine resting plaque pH and at intervals between 1 and 60 min after rinsing with the test liquids. Plaque pH data were analysed using repeated- measure ANOVA and paired t tests. Results: The study findings showed that 10% sucrose has the greatest cariogenic potential, followed by milk plus honey, milk plus sugar, formula and cow's milk. Except for the control group, the evaluated foods did not reduce the pH below 6. Conclusion: Although the test groups appear to be non-cariogenic as compared with sucrose, they still lead to considerable acidogenic response in the dental plaque. When bottle feeding is essential, it was confirmed that frequently use of these beverages may cause enamel demineralisation.     

使用含氟漱口液后菌斑和唾液氟离子水平的动态观察

目的 测定正常人使用含氟漱口液后，唾液及菌斑中氟离子浓度，并探讨其对龋病预防的意义。方法 选择14名自愿者，用离子选择性氟电极测定使用含氟漱口液后不同时间点氟浓度，并与基线水平相比较。结果 在用氟后120min内菌斑氟浓度都较基线水平有显著性提高（P＜0.05)，而唾液氟浓度在用氟后60min内显著升高，各个时间点菌斑氟浓度明显高于唾液氟浓度。结论 菌斑可作为口腔氟储库之一；使用含氟漱口液可以使菌斑氟水平升高达120min。     

Increased salivary fluoride concentrations after post-brush fluoride rinsing not reflected in dental plaque

The aim of the present study was to assess fluoride concentrations in unstimulated saliva and buccal dental plaque 6 h after an oral hygiene procedure that consisted of brushing with an AmF/SnF2 dentifrice and different post-brush rinsing protocols: expectorating the excess of dentifrice foam and rinsing with tap water, expectorating only, or rinsing with 10 ml AmF/SnF2 mouthwash. The fluoride concentrations in plaque and saliva were increased after all three experimental protocols compared to F-free periods. The increase of the fluoride concentration in saliva was more pronounced after AmF/SnF2 mouthrinse as compared to rinsing with water and expectorating the excess of dentifrice foam. Such an effect was not seen in dental plaque. It is concluded that the potentially beneficial effect of not rinsing or fluoride rinsing after tooth brushing is not reflected in an increased fluoride concentration in newly formed dental plaque 6 h after brushing.     

Effects of fluorides on in vitro acid production by dental plaque

A method that holds human dental plaque on a glass micro-electrode has been used to measure the pH depressions in plaque samples exposed to different concentrations of fluoride from sodium fluoride or sodium monofluorophosphate. Fluoride from both sources gave some inhibition of sucrose-induced acid formation at levels as low as 10 ppm and parallel results at other test concentrations of up to 200 ppm F. Repeated exposures of plaque to fluoride solutions did not interfere with its subsequent ability to ferment sucrose.     

Associations between the total fluoride content of dental plaque and individual caries experience in Australian children

Individual caries experience (DMFT) and the total fluoride content of dental plaque were determined for 72 schoolchildren, aged 9.7-13.0 years, lifelong residents in one of three New South Wales towns, where the fluoride levels of the reticulated water supplies were: Katoomba, less than 0.1 parts/10(6); Sydney, 1.0 parts/10(6) for 4 years; and Yass, 1.0 parts/10(6) for 16 years, prior to sampling. The mean fluoride content of plaque in Sydney (22.6, s.d. = +/- 16.8 parts/10(6)) and Yass (25.6, s.d. = +/- 16.4 parts/10(6)) differed significantly (t = 2.27, P less than 0.05 and t = 3.30, P less than 0.02, respectively) from that in Katoomba (13.5, s.d. = +/- 8.3 parts/10(6)). Significant inverse associations were demonstrated between total plaque fluoride and individual caries experience (DMFT) in Sydney (r = -0.45, P less than 0.025) and overall (r = -0.28, P less than 0.010). Inverse trends were established between plaque quantity (dry weight of plaque collected) and fluoride levels. No associations could be demonstrated between fluoride treatment (dentifrice, tablets or topical application) and plaque fluoride, DMFT or plaque quantity.     

Fluoride content of dental plaque before, during and after ingestion of sucrose modified with fluoride or bicarbonate-phosphate.

Students ingested tablets daily during a period of 3 d growth of dental plaque and in connection with the collection of plaque specimens. The tablets varied in composition: sucrose (C), sucrose containing sodium bicarbonate-monopotassium orthophosphate and fluoride (BPF), and sucrose modified with fluoride (F). The daily fluoride dose in conjunction with the growth of plaque and the collection of specimens was 0.5 mg of total fluoride and 0.2 mg in the determination of ionized fluoride. The fluoride taken during the growth period did not significantly affect the total and ionized fluoride contents of the plaque. During the consumption of all the tablets, the total fluoride content of the plaque increased temporarily, after which a drop took place to close to the original value. In the case of the C- and the BPF-tablets, the increase was statistically significant (P-values less than 0.02 and less than 0.001, respectively). During the consumption of the BPF- and F-tablets, the ionized fluoride content dropped significantly (P-values less than 0.001 and less than 0.01, respectively). The investigation showed that a binding of the free fluoride ions in dental plaque takes place in connection with fermentation.