B超诊断胎儿骶尾椎脊膜膨出一例

孕妇28岁，怀孕6个月。来医院妇产科检查，产科常规检查：一胎儿有异常，要求B超检查。     

超声诊断胎儿骶尾部畸胎瘤1例

孕妇26岁，孕2产1，停经28周，外院超声提示：胎儿脊柱裂脊膜膨出。查体：宫高29cm，腹围87cm，胎儿心率145次/min。超声检查：胎头位于耻骨联合上方，双顶径7.2cm，股骨头径5.5cm，胎儿心率150次/min，脊柱排列整齐，于胎儿骶尾部可见一混合性包块，     

B超诊断胎儿骶尾部畸胎瘤1例

孕妇27岁,孕1产0,停经24周.自述早孕期间有呼吸道感染病史,孕3+月于外院超声检查未见异常.查体:宫高34cm,腹围97cm,胎心率140次/min.     

胸内脊膜膨出的X线诊断附三例报告

胸内脊膜膨出十分少见，自1933年Ponl(1)首先报导1例以来，截至目前为止，文献中相继报导仅数十例（2）。而且术前确诊者却很少（3）。本文报告3例，其中两例术前确诊，1例术前未能确诊。现就其X线诊断中的有关问题简要讨论如下。     

超声诊断骶尾部巨大畸胎瘤1例

1　病历简介患儿 ,女 ,14岁。出生后即发现臀部一鸡蛋大小的肿物 ,随年龄增长逐渐增大至足球大小。无疼痛及大小便失禁 ,因瘤体尖部破溃 1小时入院。查体 :骶尾部见一巨大袋状肿物 ,质韧 ,不能推动 ,有几处触之有骨质感 ,中心部有一约 0 2ｃｍ× 0 2ｃｍ大小的破溃口 ,有油性     

超声诊断骶尾部皮脂腺囊肿1例

1病历简介患者,男,65岁。发现骶尾部无痛性肿物2年,因近日生长加快来院就诊。查体:骶尾部向外突出一约7cm×5cm大小的肿物,边界清,皮肤表面光滑,形态欠规则,可推动,局部皮肤颜色正常。既往史:15年前患者曾因骶尾骨骨折行     

B超诊断胎儿骶尾部巨大畸胎瘤1例

1　病历简介孕妇 ,2 7岁。第 1胎 ,孕 3 7周 ,行产前常规B超检查。发现胎儿骶尾部 16.1cm× 15 .2cm× 13cm以囊性为主 ,囊实相间肿物。其实质部分 6.2cm× 5 .7cm ,外形欠规则 ,界线清楚 ,内呈实质强回声 ,并见强回声斑伴声影 ,其大部分与骶尾部相连 ,在其下方及周围为一外延囊性赘生物 ,囊壁光滑、清晰 ,压之变形 ,肿物随胎动而动。胎头位于宫体右下方 ,双顶径 9.1cm ,脑中线居中 ,颅内及胸、腹腔结构未见异常。胎心规律。脊柱颈、胸、腰排列连续整齐。羊水最深 6.2cm。胎盘于后壁 ,Ⅱ级。超声提示 :胎儿骶尾部巨大畸胎瘤。手术所见 :孕…     

胎儿骶尾部畸胎瘤1例

孕妇24岁,因停经32周于1990年11月来我院行产前检查:宫底位于耻骨上26cm,胎头位于下腹部,胎心清。B超检查:于耻骨上方探及胎头,颅骨光环完整,脑中线居中,双侧脑室不大,双顶径7.8cm,胎心搏动142次/min,胎儿胸腹及     

胎儿肾脏疾病的超声诊断与鉴别

目的:探讨胎儿肾脏疾病的声像图表现,以提高其诊断水平。方法:对22例胎儿肾脏疾病的超声表现进行回顾性分析。结果:肾母细胞瘤2例,双肾缺如1例,单肾缺如1例,肾多囊性病变3例,肾脏积水15例。结论:超声显像可动态观察胎儿肾脏疾病的声像图变化,及时为临床正确选择治疗方案提供参考依据,对优生优育有重要临床实用价值。     

Normal development of the spinal cord in neonates and infants seen on ultrasonography

Summary The normal development of the spinal cord from the fetal period to infancy was studied by ultrasonography (US) with a 7.5 MHz transducer. Longitudinal and transverse sections of the spinal cord were clearly observed. The sagittal and transverse diameters of the spinal cord increased with age. In order to evaluate disorders of the spinal cord precisely, it is necessary to clarify the normal features as well as the normal development of the spinal canal and cord, and the surrounding structures. US with such a high frequency transducer will be the most suitable for this purpose.     

73例胎儿神经管发育畸形的超声诊断

目的探讨胎儿神经管发育畸形的超声诊断特点。方法对73例经临床证实的胎儿神经管发育畸形的超声表现进行回顾性分析。结果超声诊断无脑儿26例，脑积水21例，脊柱裂14例，颅骨裂12例。结论超声检查对胎儿神经管发育畸形有重要价值。     

胎儿轻度肾盂扩张的超声诊断及临床意义

目的:探讨产前超声对胎儿轻度肾盂扩张的诊断及预后评估价值.方法:对产前超声筛查出的76例胎儿轻度肾盂扩张的病例进行随访观察.结果:76例中双侧轻度肾盂扩张的为41例,其中37例出生后缓解消失,4例仍存在肾盂扩张,包括3例染色体异常,1例后尿道畸形.单侧轻度肾盂扩张35例,其中34例出生后缓解消失,1例合并骨骼系统畸形....     

胎儿基底核区发育的高场强MRI研究

目的 应用高场强MRI探讨胎儿基底核区的发育规律.方法 选取131例14～40孕 周胎儿标本,先行3.0 T MR扫描,从中选取11例14～27孕周标本再行7.0 T MR扫描.在上述MR图像上分析基底核区各结构的出现时间及信号变化.结果 在3.0 T MR图像上,14孕周时基底核区仅背侧丘脑能够辨别,15孕周时能辨识生发基质、尾状核与壳,18孕周时能显示苍白球,20孕周时内囊与外囊显示清晰.尾状核在15～30孕周时与脑白质的信号强度相比,在T1WI上呈低信号,T2WI上呈高信号,31～40孕周,在T1WI聊上呈高信号,T2WI上呈低信号.壳在15～17孕周时,在T1WI上呈高信号,T2WI上呈低信号,18～25孕周呈现斑块状外观,26～30孕周在T1WI上呈低信号,T2WI上呈高信号,31～40孕周在T1WI上呈高信号,T2WI上呈低信号.苍白球20孕周后T1WI上呈高信号,T2WI上呈低信号.与3.0 TMRI相比,7.0TT2WI更加清晰,16孕周时生发基质、尾状核、豆状核、背侧丘脑、内囊与外囊均显示清晰,18孕周时能辨别出屏状核.结论 3.0 T MR/可以较好地显示发育中的胎儿基底核区的结构.在14～21孕周,7.O T T2WI比3.0 T MR图像更好地显示胎儿基底核区的结构.     

Anatomical study of spinal accessory nerve using ultrasonography

Objective

The purpose of our study was to demonstrate that ultrasonography may allow a precise assessment of the course and relationships of the spinal accessory nerve (SAN).

Material and methods

This study, initially undertaken in 7 cadavers, was followed by high-resolution ultrasonographic study in 15 volunteers (30 nerves) by two radiologists in consensus. The location, course and relations to the adjacent anatomic structures of the SAN were analyzed.

Results

The precise course of the SAN between the lateroposterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle and the anterior border of the trapezius muscle could be identified by high-resolution ultrasonography. In contrast, clinical bone landmarks were not found helpful for the identification of the nerve.

Conclusion

The SAN can be clearly depicted by means of ultrasonography. Knowledge of the nerve's precise location, which may evidence individual variations, may have useful clinical applications.     

产前超声诊断中晚孕期胎儿心脏畸形48例的应用分析

目的：探讨产前超声在胎儿心脏畸形诊断中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析2012年9月至2013年6月于我院产前超声筛查中诊断的心脏畸形胎儿48例的临床资料及声像图表现,并分析总结3例漏诊的原因。结果37例胎儿心脏畸形于中孕期检出,占总数的77％;晚孕期检出11例,占23％,其中,1例室间隔缺损胎儿于孕晚期复查时缺损完全愈合,漏诊3例均于出生后经超声心动图确诊。结论产前常规超声检查可提高胎儿心脏畸形的检出率,并减少漏诊、误诊的发生。     

Prenatal ultrasound and fetal MRI: the comparative value of each modality in prenatal diagnosis

Fetal MRI is used with increasing frequency as an adjunct to ultrasound (US) in prenatal diagnosis. In this review, we discuss the relative value of both prenatal US and MRI in evaluating fetal and extra-fetal structures for a variety of clinical indications. Advantages and disadvantages of each imaging modality are addressed. In summary, MRI has advantages in demonstrating pathology of the brain, lungs, complex syndromes, and conditions associated with reduction of amniotic fluid. At present, US is the imaging method of choice during the first trimester, and in the diagnosis of cardiovascular abnormalities, as well as for screening. In some conditions, such as late gestational age, increased maternal body mass index, skeletal dysplasia, and metabolic disease, neither imaging method may provide sufficient diagnostic information.     

产前超声对胎儿先天性心脏病的诊断价值

目的:探讨胎儿先天性心脏病(简称先心病)的超声诊断价值。方法:采用彩色多普勒超声对41875例孕20周以上的胎儿常规进行心脏普查,并与尸解及生后心脏手术结果及随访结果对照。结果:发现20例胎儿有先天性心脏缺陷,其中完全性心内膜垫缺损2例,原发孔性房间隔缺损3例,单心房、单心室、右室双出口、三尖瓣下移畸形各2例,室间隔缺损5例,法乐四联症2例。产前超声确诊16例,漏诊4例。结论:21孕周以上常规采用顺序显示法(四腔切面-五腔切面-左室长轴切面-大动脉短轴切面)进行胎儿心脏超声检测对先心病的诊断具有重要价值。     

脊柱转移瘤的MRI诊断

目的探讨MRI对脊柱转移瘤的诊断价值。方法对62例经手术证实的脊柱转移瘤均行平扫和增强扫描，分别采用SE序列T1WI，T2WI及STIR序列。结果62例中，单椎体受累12例，多椎体受累50例。单纯附件受累1例，并椎旁软组织肿块9例，椎管受累11例，合并椎体压缩性骨折7例。结论MRI是脊柱转移瘤的高敏感性检查方法，有助于临床确定治疗方案和评价预后。