肝衰竭患者血浆置换治疗后血清胆红素和凝血酶原活动度变化规律浅探

目的 研究血浆置换(PE)治疗肝衰竭患者血清胆红素和凝血酶原活动度变化规律。方法 2015年2月～2018年8月安徽医科大学第二附属医院肝病科住院的肝衰竭患者47例,分别接受3次以上PE治疗。采用二元多因素Logistic回归分析影响肝衰竭患者短期预后的因素。结果 在治疗12 w末,本组47例患者生存22例(46.8%),死亡25例;25例死亡患者年龄为(47.5±13.4)岁、基线MELD评分为(33.5±6.1)分、PTA为(23.8±10.1)%、APTT为(93.8±40.6)s,与22例生存患者比,差异显著,死亡组肝性脑病发生率为64.0%,显著高于生存组的27.3%(P＜0.05);多因素 Logistic 回归分析提示年龄和基线PTA是影响肝衰竭患者短期预后的独立危险因素;经线性回归分析发现,PE术后TBIL下降与术前TBIL 水平呈正相关(r=0.866,P＜0.05),首次PE术后PTA升高最显著(P＜0.05)。结论 年龄和凝血酶原活动度是影响肝衰竭患者预后的独立危险因素,了解这些重要的指标对判断病情和及时地给予处理对改善预后很有帮助。     

112例新型冠状病毒肺炎患者肝肾功能和心肌酶学变化分析

目的 观察新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)患者血清肝肾功能和心肌酶学的变化。方法 在本组112例COVID-19肺炎患者中,普通型68例,重型22例,危重型22例。常规检测血清肝肾功能指标及肌钙蛋白T(cTnT)、肌红蛋白(Myo)和肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)。结果 各组COVID-19肺炎患者血清肾功能指标变化不明显,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);危重组患者血清ALT和AST升高发生率分别为31.8%和45.5%,显著高于重型组(分别为4.6%和13.6%,P<0.05)或普通型组(0.0%和2.9%,P<0.05);危重组血清cTnT、Myo和CK-MB升高发生率分别为72.7%、45.5%和27.3%,显著高于重型组(分别为22.7%、16.6%和9.1%,P<0.05)或普通型组(分别为4.4%、1.5%和1.5%,P<0.05);24例心肌酶学异常患者病死率为25%,显著高于88例心肌酶学正常组的1.1%(P<0.05)。结论 单中心回顾性分析显示血清心肌酶学异常的新型冠状病毒肺炎患者病情可能比较危重,病死率比较高,需格外加强干预。     

703例肝内胆汁淤积症的临床特征分析

背景:肝内胆汁淤积症是一种常见的临床表现,且常伴有黄疸,探讨不同程度黄疸的临床特征有助于加强对肝内胆汁淤积症的认知。目的:探讨肝内胆汁淤积症伴黄疸患者的临床特征。方法:回顾性分析703例肝内胆汁淤积症患者的一般资料、生化指标、病因构成和药物治疗情况。结果:共168例(23.9%)患者发生黄疸,其中轻度黄疸149例、中度黄疸15例,重度黄疸4例。黄疸组ALT、AST、ALP、GGT、DBIL、TBIL、DBIL/TBIL比值、TBA水平均显著高于非黄疸组(P0.05)。不同程度黄疸组ALT、AST、DBIL、TBIL、TBA水平相比差异有统计学意义(P0.05),而ALP、GGT、DBIL/TBIL比值无明显差异(P0.05)。肝内胆汁淤积症伴黄疸患者的病因以消化系统肿瘤、心血管疾病、休克、血液病、原发性胆汁性胆管炎多见。肝内胆汁淤积症的治疗药物主要为熊去氧胆酸和S-腺苷甲硫氨酸。结论:对于肝内胆汁淤积症患者,随着黄疸的出现和加重,ALT、AST、ALP、GGT水平明显升高,应警惕肝细胞损伤;肝内胆汁淤积症伴黄疸的病因涉及全身各器官和系统,恶性肿瘤、心血管疾病、休克、原发性胆汁性胆管炎为其主要病因。     

临床诊断的肝细胞型急性药物性肝损伤患者血清ALT/ALP比值变化特点与组织病理学特征分析

目的 探讨药物性肝损伤(DILI)患者临床分型的变化及其组织病理学特征。方法 2018年8月～2019年8月入院临床诊断为肝细胞型DILI患者43例,在入院治疗2周后行肝穿活检,在病理学检查当日再次根据临床指标确定临床分型,观察组织病理学特征。结果 43例临床诊断的肝细胞型DILI患者在肝穿时血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、血清总胆红素(TBIL)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)和总胆汁酸(TBA)水平已显著降低,其R值较入院时也显著下降(19.6±13.6对3.29±3.26),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);组织病理学检查诊断急性炎症型21例,炎症淤胆型22例;在入院时,急性炎症型与炎症淤胆型患者血清ALT、AST、TBIL、ALP和GGT水平无显著性差异(P>0.05),仅急性炎症型患者R值显著小于炎症淤胆型(13.8±6.2对25.5±16.5,P=0.004),血清TBA水平显著低于炎症淤胆型(61.0±60.8 μmol/L对115.3±80.9μmol/L,P=0.017);入院时诊断为肝细胞型DILI的43例患者在肝穿时仅9例符合肝细胞型临床分型;经ROC曲线分析,以R值等于14.9为截断点,其曲线下面积(AUC)为0.708,具有一定的诊断意义。结论 药物性肝损伤的临床分型会随着病情的变化而呈动态变化,入院时以较高的R值诊断胆汁淤积具有一定的指导意义,值得进一步观察。     

肝切除与TAE治疗肝血管瘤患者术后生存质量评价

目的 探讨肝切除和肝动脉栓塞术(TAE)治疗肝血管瘤患者生存质量的差异。方法 2015年12月～2017年12月我院收治的179例肝血管瘤患者,其中131例行肝切除治疗(A组),48例行TAE治疗(B组)。采用问卷调查方法评价消化病生存质量指数(GLQI)。将患者一般资料和随访内容录入 Epidata 数据库,应用SPSS 25.0软件进行统计学分析。结果 在术后1周,A组血清ALT、AST和肌酐水平显著高于B组(P＜0.05); A组手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院日和住院费用均显著高于或多于B组(P＜0.05);术前,两组总GLQI评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但术后两组GLQI评分总体变化趋势有显著差异(F=5.331,P<0.05),在术后12个月,A组GLQI评分显著高于BA组(P<0.05)。结论 TAE治疗肝血管瘤患者具有微创的特点,但肝切除治疗具有确切的疗效,还有助于改善患者远期生存质量。     

创伤后肝功能变化及其临床意义

目的:探讨创伤后早期肝功能损害各指标的变化及其临床意义.方法:分析2006-05/2006-08我院创伤骨科入院患者719例中肝功能损害105例伤后24 h及48 h内肝功能指标血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、γ-谷氨酰基转移酶(GGT)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、总胆红素(TBIL)、结合胆红素(DBIL)、白蛋白(ALB)、凝血酶原时间(PT).结果:创伤后肝损害的发生率为14.6%,肝功能指标ALT,AST, ALP,GGT, LDH,ALB,TBIL和PT异常发生率分别为91.4%,64.8%,42.9%,61.9%,27.6%,20.9%,30.5%,5.7%;创伤后ALT,AST和GGT升高1-3倍者分别为78例(81.3%),49例(72.1%)和42例(64.6%).严重创伤患者出现ALB降低、TBIL升高及PT延长(P＜0.001),创伤后肝功能指标ALT、AST、ALP及GGT48 h与24h相比明显升高(P＜0.01).结论:创伤后早期即可出现肝功能损害,肝功能指标一般呈轻中度升高,当创伤伤情严重及并发症多时,可出现ALB降低、黄疸及PT延长,创伤后黄疸为肝细胞性黄疸,可能与胆汁淤积无关.     

荧光腹腔镜肝切除术与常规腹腔镜肝切除术治疗HCC患者效果比较

目的 研究荧光腹腔镜肝切除术与常规腹腔镜肝切除治疗肝细胞癌(HCC)患者的临床效果。方法 2014年8月～2017年8月我院收治的148例HCC患者被随机分为观察组74例和对照组74例,分别行荧光腹腔镜肝切除术和常规腹腔镜肝切除术。随访3年。结果 观察组切缘肿瘤细胞阳性率为2.7%,显著低于对照组的13.5%(x²=5.804,P=0.016);两组围术期胸腔积液、发热、切口感染、胆漏和腹腔出血等并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);观察组6 m、1 a和2 a生存率分别为98.6%、94.6%和90.5%,与对照组的95.9%、93.2%和86.5%比,无显著性差异(P＞0.05),但3 a生存率为85.1%,显著高于对照组的70.3%(P＜0.05);观察组3 a肿瘤复发率为27.0%,显著低于对照组的47.3%(P＜0.05)。结论 与常规腹腔镜肝切除术比,采用荧光腹腔镜肝切除术能实现肿瘤切缘的可视化,保证肿瘤切缘安全,有利于提高HCC患者生存率。     

蒙药额力根II号对肝纤维化大鼠的保护作用研究

目的 观察蒙药额力根II号对CCl₄诱导的肝纤维化大鼠的保护作用。方法 随机将58只SD大鼠分为对照组、模型组、蒙药额力根II号小、中、大剂量干预组,制备CCl₄肝纤维化模型,并给予蒙药干预。观察肝组织病理学变化,并采用免疫组化法检测肝组织α-SMA、I型胶原和III型胶原的表达。结果 与模型组比,中剂量药物处理组动物血清ALT、AST和透明质酸(HA)水平显著降低(P＜0.05),大剂量药物处理组血清ALT、AST、TBIL、HA、III型前胶原(PIIINP)和IV型胶原(CIV)水平降低更显著(P＜0.05);对照组、中和大剂量药物干预组肝组织α-平滑肌肌动蛋白表达水平分别为(0.0±0.0)、(4.9±1.0)、(3.4±0.9),显著低于模型组【(6.1±1.2),P＜0.05】,III型胶原蛋白分别为(2.4±1.3)、(5.0±2.4)和(3.7±1.8),显著低于模型组【(6.4±2.4),P＜0.05】;对照组和大剂量干预组肝组织I型胶原蛋白分别为(2.1±0.2)和(3.3±1.0),显著低于模型组【(6.0±2.5),P＜0.05】;与模型组比,中和大剂量药物处理组大鼠肝组织纤维化程度显著改善。结论 蒙药额力根II号对CCl₄诱导的肝纤维化大鼠具有保护作用,其机制可能与抑制了肝星状细胞活化,减少了细胞外基质的合成有关。     

武汉地区110例COVID-19患者入院时肝功能分析

目的比较轻重症新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)患者入院时的肝功能,分析肝功能异常的原因,探讨疾病预后指标。方法收集55例非重症COVID-19患者(非重症组)和55例重症COVID-19患者(重症组)的临床资料。回顾性分析COVID-19患者入院后首次检查的肝功能指标ALT、AST、TB、DB、ALB、ALP、GGT、LDH。采用t检验和卡方检验进行统计学分析,绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线),计算灵敏度、特异度和曲线下面积(AUC)。并采用多因素Logistic回归方法对COVID-19患者进展为重症COVID-19的高危因素进行分析。结果两组患者性别、年龄、TB、DB比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),重症组与非重症组比较,ALT、AST、ALB、ALP、GGT、LDH显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,入院时AST、LDH是COVID-19发展为重症COVID-19的独立危险因素(P0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,单独检测AST预测COVID-19严重程度的AUC为0.796(95%CI:0.712～0.880),最佳截断值为:44.5 U/L(灵敏度58.2%、特异度90.9%);单独检测LDH预测COVID-19严重程度的AUC为0.783(95%CI:0.696～0.870),最佳截断值为:393.5 U/L(灵敏度56.4%、特异度96.4%);AST和LDH联合检测的AUC为0.819,其灵敏度、特异度分别为65.5%、87.3%。结论 COVID-19患者肝功能异常发生率较高,在治疗原发病的同时要注意肝功能的保护,AST、LDH水平有可能成为COVID-19严重程度和预后判断的指标之一。     

MRI弥散加权成像对原发性硬化性胆管炎患者肝纤维化评估价值分析

目的 探讨应用动态增强磁共振成像(DCE-MRI)和弥散加权成像(DWI)诊断原发性硬化性胆管炎(PSC)患者显著性肝纤维化的价值。方法 2010年8月～2020年12月我院诊断的PSC患者68例,行肝活检检查,采用METAVIR分期评分系统评价肝纤维化分期,行MR检查获得肝细胞摄取率(Ki)、肝细胞外容积(Ve)、门静脉流量(Fv)和肝动脉流量(Fa),计算肝总血流量(Ft)、细胞外平均通过时间(MTT)和肝脏摄取分数(Fi),测量表观弥散系数(ADC)。应用多因素Logistic回归分析影响肝纤维化程度的因素,应用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)下面积(AUC)分析MRI定量参数评价肝纤维化的效能。结果 在68例PSC患者中,肝组织学检查发现非显著性肝纤维化(F0/F1期)24例,显著性(F2/F3/F4期)肝纤维化44例;两组血清ALT、AST、ALP、GGT、TBIL、INR、IgG及Ki、Fi和ADC等差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析发现ALT、AST、ALP、GGT、INR、IgG、Ki和ADC是影响肝纤维化的独立预测因素(P<0.05);经ROC分析,以Ki=3.5/100 min为截断点,其诊断PSC患者显著性肝纤维化的敏感度为70.5%和特异度为58.3%;以ADC为1.14 s/mm²为截断点,其诊断PSC患者显著性肝纤维化的敏感度为90.9%和特异度为83.3%。结论 应用DWI指标诊断PSC患者肝纤维化有一定的临床应用价值,值得进一步研究。     

Relationships among viral diagnostic markers and markers of liver function in acute hepatitis E

Background  Diagnosis of acute hepatitis E has been based in many clinics predominantly on detection of anti-HEV (hepatitis E virus) antibody. Now, new assays have been developed to detect other HEV markers. Our aim was to investigate the relationships among HEV diagnostic markers and liver function markers in acute hepatitis E. Methods  Seventy serum samples were collected from non-A, non-B, non-C acute hepatitis patients and tested for HEV markers (HEV antigen and RNA and anti-HEV IgM) and markers of liver function [alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total iron binding capacity (TBA), γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT), total bilirubin (TBIL), and direct bilirubin (DBIL)]. Partial open reading frame (ORF) 2 sequences from HEV RNA-positive samples were cloned and analyzed. Results  The concordances between HEV antigen and HEV RNA and between HEV antigen and anti-HEV IgM were 77.1% and 72.9%, respectively, with significant correlations, while that between HEV RNA and anti-HEV IgM was 61.4% with no significant correlation. Eleven of 25 samples negative for anti-HEV IgM were positive for HEV antigen. The ALT, AST, ALP, TBA, GGT, TBIL, and DBIL levels did not differ significantly between the anti-HEV IgM-positive and -negative groups. However, the ALT, AST, ALP, TBA, and GGT levels were significantly higher in the HEV antigen-positive group than in the HEV antigennegative group. All of the HEV isolates cloned belonged to genotype 4. Conclusions  HEV antigen was highly correlated with HEV RNA and elevated ALT, AST, ALP, TBA, and GGT levels. Testing for HEV antigen in combination with anti-HEV IgM is useful for the diagnosis of HEV infection.     

Significant variation of traditional markers of liver injury after a half-marathon run

Background

While the promotion of health-related fitness is thereby widespread, less focus is currently being given on the biological influence that physical activity might exert on results of laboratory testing. As such, this study was undertaken to assess the kinetics of liver injury markers following physical exercise.

Design and methods

Total and direct bilirubin as well as the activity of biochemical markers of liver injury including aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and creatine kinase (CK), were measured before and after a half-marathon.

Results

Significant increases occurred for GGT, AST, LDH, CK, total and direct bilirubin immediately after the run. AST, LDH, CK, total and direct bilirubin were still increased 24 h thereafter, whereas GGT decreased after 6 h. None of the athletes exceed the upper reference limit for ALT, ALP and GGT, whereas significant variations were instead observed for LDH, AST, CK, total and direct bilirubin.

Conclusions

Taken together, the results of our prospective investigation clearly attest that an acute bulk of aerobic physical exercise, such as a half-marathon, might produce significant changes in the activity of traditional biomarkers of liver injury, which should be carefully considered when investigating physically active individuals undergoing laboratory testing.     

劳拉西泮与奥沙西泮治疗酒精性肝病并发酒精戒断综合征患者临床疗效对比研究

目的 对比观察劳拉西泮与奥沙西泮治疗酒精性肝病(ALD)并发酒精戒断综合征(AWS)患者的临床疗效。方法 2017年11月～2020年11月我院诊治的127例ALD并发AWS患者,采用随机数字表法将患者分为对照组63例和观察组64例,分别给予劳拉西泮和奥沙西泮治疗7 d。应用酒精戒断综合征评定量表(AWSS)评估临床症状,应用焦虑自评量表(SAS)评估焦虑症状。采用ELISA法检测血清透明质酸(HA)、层粘连蛋白(LN)、三型前胶原N端肽(PC-Ⅲ)和四型胶原(IV-C)。结果 在治疗结束时,观察组有效率为96.9％,显著高于对照组的81.0％,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗前,两组AWSS和SAS评分和血清ALT、AST、GGT、TBIL、ALP、CHE、HA、LN、PC-Ⅲ和IV-C水平无统计学差异(P>0.05);治疗结束时,观察组AWSS和SAS评分分别为(9.5±2.4)分和(30.8±6.4)分,与对照组【分别为(14.2±3.5)分和(48.2±9.1)分,P<0.05】比,差异显著;血清ALT、AST、GGT、TBIL和ALP水平分别为(30.5±8.1)U/L、(71.6±15.3)U/L、(466.1±22.7)U/L、(23.5±6.5)μmol/L和(82.3±12.4)U/L,显著低于对照组【分别为(52.2±11.3)U/L、(105.6±18.4)U/L、(626.3±25.4)U/L、(35.2±8.6)μmol/L和(118.3±14.7)U/L,P<0.05】;血清HA、PC-Ⅲ和IV-C水平分别为(116.8±18.3)μg/L、(123.1±12.3)μg /L和(80.2±11.6)μg /L,显著低于对照组【分别为(146.2±22.3)μg/L、(155.5±16.8)μg/L和(98.8±15.4)μg/L,P<0.05】。结论 奥沙西泮治疗ALD并发AWS患者临床疗效显著,可改善症状,减轻焦虑情绪,促进肝功能恢复。     

142例抗结核药物性肝损伤患者临床特征分析*

目的 回顾抗结核药导致的药物性肝损伤(DILI)患者临床资料,旨在分析其临床特征、生化指标与临床结局。方法 2012年1月～2020年3月我院诊治的接受抗结核治疗期间被诊断为DILI患者142例,进行临床分型和肝损伤分度。结果 在本组DILI患者中,诊断肝细胞型109例,胆汁淤积型17例,混合型16例;肝细胞型、胆汁淤积型和混合型患者血清ALT水平分别为(652.5±350.6)U/L、(172.6±92.8)U/L和(380.6±218.5)U/L,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),血清AST水平分别为(451.8±418.1)U/L、(185.5±105.2)U/L和(276.0±144.5)U/L,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),血清ALP水平分别为(94.5±77.5)U/L、(468.8±312.8)U/L和209.1±144.5)U/L,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),血清总胆红素分别为(42.3±32.3)μmol/L、(126.8±103.5)μmol/L和(57.8±42.8)μmol/L,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),血清白蛋白分别为(36.8±7.2)g/L、(32.2±6.8)g/L和(33.0±7.0)g/L,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);以肝损伤程度分组,本组轻度102例,中度14例,重度26例。轻度肝损伤患者以小于60岁、无基础肝病和以肝细胞型为主,与其他两组比,差异显著(P<0.05);本组临床治愈95例,未愈47例。治愈患者年龄偏轻、血清AST、ALP和总胆红素水平偏低、而血清白蛋白水平偏高,与未愈患者比,差异显著(P<0.05)。结论 因抗结核药物导致的DILI患者以肝细胞损伤型居多,年龄大、存在低蛋白血症和高胆红素血症患者预后差,应予以特别的关注。     

The impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on liver injury in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction:The evidence for the incidence and severity of liver injury in Chinese patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still controversial. The purpose of this study was to summarize the incidence of liver injury and the differences between liver injury markers among different patients with COVID-19 in China.Methods:Computer searches of PubMed, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and medRxiv were used to obtain reports on the incidence and markers of liver injury in Chinese patients with COVID-19, from January 1, 2020 to April 10, 2020. (No. CRD42020181350)Results:A total of 57 reports from China were included, including 9889 confirmed cases of COVID-19 infection. The results of the meta-analysis showed that among the patients with early COVID-19 infection in China, the incidence of liver injury events was 24.7% (95% CI, 23.4%–26.4%). Liver injury in severe patients was more common than that in non-severe patients, with a risk ratio of 2.07 (95% CI, 1.77–2.43). Quantitative analysis showed that the severe the coronavirus infection, the higher the level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspertate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TB), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), and the lower the level of albumin (ALB).Conclusion:There is a certain risk of liver injury in Chinese patients with COVID-19, and the risk and degree of liver injury are related to the severity of COVID-19.     

Abnormal liver chemistries as a predictor of COVID-19 severity and clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients

BACKGROUND Abnormal liver chemistries are common findings in patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19).However,the association of these abnormalities with the severity of COVID-19 and clinical outcomes is poorly understood AIM We aimed to assess the prevalence of elevated liver chemistries in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and compare the serum liver chemistries to predict the severity and in-hospital mortality.METHODS This retrospective,observational study included 3380 patients with COVID-19 who were hospitalized in the Johns Hopkins Health System(Baltimore,MD,United States).Demographic data,clinical characteristics,laboratory findings,treatment measures,and outcome data were collected.Cox regression modeling was used to explore variables associated with abnormal liver chemistries on admission with disease severity and prognosis RESULTS A total of 2698(70.4%)had abnormal alanine aminotransferase(ALT)at the time of admission.Other more prevalent abnormal liver chemistries were aspartate aminotransferase(AST)(44.4%),alkaline phosphatase(ALP)(16.1%),and total bilirubin(T-Bil)(5.9%).Factors associated with liver injury were older age,Asian ethnicity,other race,being overweight,and obesity.Higher ALT,AST,T-Bil,and ALP levels were more commonly associated with disease severity.Multivariable adjusted Cox regression analysis revealed that abnormal AST and T-Bil were associated with the highest mortality risk than other liver injury indicators during hospitalization.Abnormal AST,T-Bil,and ALP were associated with a need for vasopressor drugs,whereas higher levels of AST,T-Bil,and a decreased albumin levels were associated with mechanical ventilation CONCLUSION Abnormal liver chemistries are common at the time of hospital admission in COVID-19 patients and can be closely related to the patient’s severity and prognosis.Elevated liver chemistries,specifically ALT,AST,ALP,and T-Bil levels,can be used to stratify risk and predict the need for advanced therapies in these patients.     

Pattern of liver function and clinical profile in COVID-19: A cross-sectional study of 91 patients

Background– COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 leads to myriad range of organ involvement including liver dysfunction.AimTo analyse the liver function in patients with COVID-19 and their association with respect to age, sex, severity of disease and clinical features.Materials and methodsThis study was a cross-sectional study done at Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi. 91 patients admitted with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were included in this study and divided into asymptomatic, mild, moderate and severe groups. Liver function tests were compared among different severity groups.ResultsOf 91 patients with COVID-19, 70 (76.9%) had abnormal liver function. Aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin levels was 1–2 × ULN in 33(36.3%), 34(37.3%), 12(13.2%), 6(6.6%) cases and >2 × ULN in 20(22%), 18(19.8%), 7(7.7%) and 2 (2.2%) cases respectively. Mean AST and ALP levels among different severity groups of COVID-19 was statistically significant (p < 0.05) whereas mean ALT and total bilirubin levels was statistically non-significant (p > 0.05). There was no statistical difference between males and females with regard to abnormal liver function. Liver injury was seen in 64.3% cases of hypertension and 73.3% cases of diabetes. Fever, myalgia, headache and breathlessness were found to be correlated significantly with severity of disease.ConclusionLiver injury is common in SARS-CoV-2 infection and is more prevalent in the severe disease group. Aspartate transaminase and alkaline phosphatase are better indicators of covid-19 induced liver injury than alanine transaminase and total bilirubin.     

胆肠Roux-en-Y吻合术联合留置皮下空肠盲袢取石治疗肝内胆管结石患者疗效研究*

目的 探讨采用胆肠Roux-en-Y吻合术联合留置皮下空肠盲袢治疗肝内胆管结石(IHS)患者的临床疗效。方法 2018年9月～2021年6月我院诊治的71例IHS患者,其中33例(对照组)接受常规胆肠Roux-en-Y吻合术,另38例(观察组)接受胆肠Roux-en-Y吻合术联合留置皮下空肠盲袢取石治疗。采用ELISA法检测血清C反应蛋白(CRP)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6),使用全自动荧光免疫定量分析仪检测血清降钙素原(PCT)。结果 在术后1个月,观察组临床有效率为94.7%,显著高于对照组的75.8%(P<0.05);观察组血清GGT和ALT水平分别为(71.9±6.2)U/L和(38.7±5.9)U/L,显著低于对照组【分别为(95.8±6.9)U/L和(62.6±6.8)U/L,P<0.05】;观察组血清CRP和IL-6水平分别为(60.8±8.1)mg/L和(89.8±20.1)pg/mL,显著高于对照组【分别为(38.3±9.2)mg/L和(65.7±23.5)pg/mL,P<0.05】;观察组结石残留发生率为7.9%,显著低于对照组的21.2%(P<0.05)。结论 采用胆肠Roux-en-Y吻合术联合留置皮下空肠盲袢取石治疗HIS患者临床疗效较好,可提高结石清除率,防止术后返流性感染,同时也为复发结石、胆管狭窄或梗阻等提供了一条方便的进入肝内胆管的永久性胆道通路,是较为实用的治疗IHS的手术方法。     

药物性肝损伤患者临床特点及预后分析*

目的 回顾总结药物性肝损伤(DILI)患者的临床特点。方法 2015年1月～2019年12月我院诊治的DILI患者164例,收集临床资料,总结其临床特点和预后。结果 本组DILI患者被诊断为肝细胞型97例,胆汁淤积型24例,混合型43例;肝细胞型患者年龄为(47.2±13.3)岁,显著小于其他两型(P<0.05);血清ALT水平为(652.5±350.6)U/L,显著高于其他两型【分别为(72.6±52.8)U/L和(180.6±118.5)U/L,P<0.05】,血清AST水平为(451.8±418.1)U/L,显著高于其他两型【分别为(85.5±75.2)U/L和(156.0±144.5)U/L,P<0.05】,而胆汁淤积型血清ALP水平为(268.8±212.8)U/L,显著高于其他两型【分别为(84.5±17.5)U/L和(209.1±144.5)U/L,P<0.05】,血清TBIL水平为(66.8±13.5)μmol/L,显著高于其他两型【肝细胞型为(22.3±2.3)μmol/L和混合型为(47.8±23.8)μmol/L,P<0.05】;本组由西药导致的DILI患者45例,中成药106例,中西药导致的13例;西药导致的DILI组年龄为(44.2±13.5)岁,显著年轻于其他两组(P<0.05),男性占比为42.2%,显著高于其他两组的33.0%和30.8%;血清ALT水平为(510.2±361.8)U/L,显著高于其他两组【中成药组为(172.8±59.1)U/L和中西药组为(278.4±327.2)U/L,P<0.05】,血清AST水平为(360.8±251.5)U/L,显著高于其他两组【分别为(134.5±39.2)U/L和(249.4±228.1)U/L,P<0.05】,而中成药组血清ALP水平为(174.7±113.6)U/L,显著高于其他两组【西药组为(102.2±184.6)U/L,中西药组为(203.4±152.4)U/L,P<0.05】,血清TBIL水平为(93.9±46.2)μmol/L,显著高于其他两组【分别为(14.3±4.1)μmol/L和(52.0±12.0)μmol/L,P<0.05】;本组DILI患者痊愈141例,未痊愈23例;未痊愈组男性占比为52.2%,显著高于痊愈组的32.6%(P<0.05),肝细胞型占比为39.1%,显著低于痊愈组的62.4%(P<0.05),中成药致病占比为78.2%,显著高于痊愈组的62.4%(P<0.05)。结论 本组DILI患者临床表现符合一般报道的特征,大多预后良好。中成药致病者可能出现高黄疸而病情迁延,值得认真对待。     

骨髓移植术后急性移植物抗宿主病肝酶学的异常特点

目的 探讨异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-HSCT)后急性移植物抗宿主病(aGVHD)组与非aGVHD组肝酶学变化特点.方法 回顾性分析北京大学人民医院allo-HSCT患者肝脏酶学的变化情况及与aGVHD发生的关系.结果 371例接受allo-HSCT患者中共有158例(41.6%)发生Ⅰ～Ⅳ度aGVHD;中位时间为第29.5天.未发生aGVHD组,ALT、AST、GGT、LDH升高的中位时间均在移植后20 d之内,明显早于发生aGVHD组.发生aGVHD组,AST峰值明显升高,其余肝酶学峰值差异无统计学意义;发生aGVHD组,AST、GGT、LDH持续时间均显著长于未发生aGVHD组,ALT、ALP持续时间无差异;ALT、AST、ALP、LDH升高组,aGVHD发生的百分比明显高于未升高组,但只有ALT、LDH升高进入logistic模型;单纯ALT、LDH升高诊断aGVHD敏感度及准确性均较差;若为移植24 d后ALT及LDH同时升高且持续时间均超过22 d,则敏感度及准确性均较好.结论 肝酶学升高,尤其是ALT、LDH的升高与aGVHD发生相关,但作为aGVHD的诊断指标准确性欠佳;在排除药物性肝损伤的影响下,结合肝酶学的动力学特点,肝酶学的升高在诊断aGVHD仍有一定意义.