动态及延时增强磁共振成像对肝血管瘤诊断的评价

目的:研究动态增强及延迟增强扫描磁共振成像对肝血管瘤的诊断价值。材料和方法:34例肝血管瘤病人行常规MRT1WI、T2WI横断面扫描。经肘静脉手推团注0.1mmol/kg体重Gd-DTPA后,再推入10ml生理盐水冲洗后(推入时间5~6s)行射频毁坏傅立叶采集稳态技术T1WI动态增强扫描及延迟增强扫描,分析病灶及邻近肝实质增强。结果:共发现肝血管瘤病灶67个。动态增强见46个病灶呈边缘不连续样的结节样强化,21个病灶呈周边不规则强化或迅速强化充填;5个病灶动态增强早期见引流静脉强化,14个瘤周肝实质强化。延迟增强扫描见53个病灶完全充填强化,14个病灶显示斑片状或裂隙状的低信号未充填区。结论:在磁共振成像检查中,动态增强扫描能够显示肝血管瘤及邻近实质强化方式,延迟增强显示病灶的充填程度,两者结合更有利于肝血管瘤的诊断。     

鞍旁海绵状血管瘤的MRI表现

目的 探讨MRI对鞍旁海绵状血管瘤的诊断价值.资料与方法 12例经手术病理证实的鞍旁海绵状血管瘤行T1WI、T2WI、扩散加权成像(DWI)及增强扫描,分析其形态及信号特点.结果 肿瘤主要位于鞍旁,并不同程度涉及鞍内,呈"哑铃"形、内小外大的"葫芦"形、不规则形或类圆形,周围均无水肿.T2WI呈较明显高信号,T1WI呈稍低或较低信号,DWI呈等或稍低信号.增强扫描均呈明显异常强化.6例平扫或增强扫描信号欠均匀.结论 鞍旁海绵状血管瘤MRI表现有一定的特征性,MRI对鞍旁海绵状血管瘤诊断及鉴别诊断有重要价值.     

肝脏病变的磁共振扩散成像的量化研究初探

目的　量化分析肝脏病变的磁共振扩散成像 (DWI)的表面扩散系数 (ADC值 )及磁共振影像特点。方法　对 12 7例磁共振检查发现的病变行磁共振扩散成像 ,计算病变的ADC值及肝细胞癌和肝转移瘤的瘤 /肝ADC值比值。结果　病变的ADC值均值为 :肝细胞癌 (0 .99± 0 .2 6)× 10 -3 mm2 /s ,肝转移瘤 (1.17± 0 .3 2 )× 10 -3 mm2 /s ,肝血管瘤 (1.81± 0 .42 )× 10 -3 mm2 /s ,肝囊肿 (3 .11±0 .3 8)× 10 -3 mm2 /s ,肝硬化 (0 .92± 0 .2 5 )× 10 -3 mm2 /s ,脂肪肝 (1.3 7± 0 .3 2 )× 10 -3 mm2 /s ;肝细胞癌的瘤 /肝ADC值比值均值是 0 .89± 0 .17,肝转移瘤的瘤 /肝ADC值比值均值是 1.2 7± 0 .2 1,二者存在显著性差异。结论　综合量化分析病变的ADC值、瘤 /肝ADC值比值的变化规律 ,能准确地判断肝脏有关病变的性质 ,对肝脏病变的诊断及鉴别诊断做出更准确的结论     

Comparison Between Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography and Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging With Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography for Resectability Assessment in Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma

ObjectiveTo compare the diagnostic performance and interobserver agreement between contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI) with magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) for evaluating the resectability in patients with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (eCCA).Materials and MethodsThis retrospective study included treatment-naïve patients with pathologically confirmed eCCA, who underwent both CECT and CE-MRI with MRCP using extracellular contrast media between January 2015 and December 2020. Among the 214 patients (146 males; mean age ± standard deviation, 68 ± 9 years) included, 121 (56.5%) had perihilar cholangiocarcinoma. R0 resection was achieved in 108 of the 153 (70.6%) patients who underwent curative-intent surgery. Four fellowship-trained radiologists independently reviewed the findings of both CECT and CE-MRI with MRCP to assess the local tumor extent and distant metastasis for determining resectability. The pooled area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity of CECT and CE-MRI with MRCP were compared using clinical, surgical, and pathological findings as reference standards. The interobserver agreement of resectability was evaluated using Fleiss kappa (κ).ResultsNo significant differences were observed between CECT and CE-MRI with MRCP in the pooled AUC (0.753 vs. 0.767), sensitivity (84.7% [366/432] vs. 90.3% [390/432]), and specificity (52.6% [223/424] vs. 51.4% [218/424]) (P > 0.05 for all). The AUC for determining resectability was higher when CECT and CE-MRI with MRCP were reviewed together than when CECT was reviewed alone in patients with discrepancies between the imaging modalities or with indeterminate resectability (0.798 [0.754–0.841] vs. 0.753 [0.697–0.808], P = 0.014). The interobserver agreement for overall resectability was fair for both CECT (κ = 0.323) and CE-MRI with MRCP (κ = 0.320), without a significant difference (P = 0.884).ConclusionCECT and CE-MRI with MRCP showed no significant differences in the diagnostic performance and interobserver agreement in determining the resectability in patients with eCCA.     

肝脏细粒棘球蚴病的磁共振扩散成像量化分析

目的:探讨磁共振扩散加权成像(DWI)对肝脏细粒棘球蚴病的临床应用价值。方法:对20例肝脏细粒棘球蚴病患者共29个病灶行MRI平扫及DWI检查(b值取0、100、500和1000 s/mm~2),分析病灶的MRI表现及其表观扩散系数(ADC)图,计算病灶和肝脏的ADC值并进行统计学分析。结果:20例中单发病例12例,多发病例8例;发生钙化14例。病变的ADC值平均为(3.74±0.46)×10~(-3)mm~2/s(b=100 s/mm~2)、(3.43±0.64)×10~(?)nm~2/s(b=500 s/mm~2)和(3.24±0.63)×10~(-3)mm~2/s(b=1000 s/mm~2)。正常肝组织的ADC值平均为(2.84±0.59)×10~(?)mm~2/s(b=100 s/mm~2)、(1.37±0.30)×10~(-3)mm~2/s(b=500 s/mm~2)和(1.35±0.69)×10~(-3)mm~2/s(b=1000 s/mm~2),病灶与正常肝组织之间ADC值的差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论:肝脏细粒棘球蚴病灶DWI表现为随着b值的升高其信号减低,ADC值的测量对诊断肝脏细粒棘球蚴病有一定价值。     

螺旋CT扫描肝血管瘤周围实质一过性异常强化的初步探讨

目的:探讨螺旋CT扫描时肝血管瘤周围肝实质一过性异常强化(THPE)征象及其产生的原因和临床意义。方法:经临床或病理证实的肝血管瘤患者248例(356个病灶)中出现THPE征象的患者60例(79个病灶),均行螺旋CT平扫及3期动态增强扫描,分析THPE征象与病灶大小及强化速度之间的关系。结果:79个出现THPE征象的病灶中53个(72.2%)为快速充填型血管瘤明显多于慢速充填型(7个,占27.8%);有60个为小血管瘤(直径≤2cm),明显多于大血管瘤(直径>2cm)的19个病灶(24%)。结论:肝血管瘤伴有THPE征象并非少见,其更容易出现在快速强化型小血管瘤中,正确认识和识别这种征象,有助于肝血管瘤的诊断及鉴别诊断。     

MR扩散加权成像中ADC值对肝脏肿瘤性病变的定性评估

目的评估MR扩散加权成像(DWI)对肝脏肿瘤性病变、特别是影像学表现不典型肿瘤性病变的诊断价值及其良恶性鉴别诊断价值。资料与方法对2010年8月至2011年5月的55例患者(34例为肿瘤患者怀疑有肝脏转移,21例CT、B超等影像学检查拟诊肝脏占位性病变无法进行定性诊断)行MR常规序列及DWI,共发现92个病灶(25个原发性肝癌,27个肝转移瘤,3个肝胆管细胞癌,2个肝硬化结节,2个肝脏局灶性结节增生,7个肝血管瘤,26个肝囊肿)。通过分析肝脏病灶信号强度随b值不同的变化及病灶表观扩散系数(ADC)值的大小(平均数±标准差)等对肝脏肿瘤性病变、特别是不典型肿瘤性病变的良恶性进行诊断及鉴别诊断,以病理结果或随访结果为标准计算其敏感性及特异性。结果 MR DWI上,b=50 s/mm2、500s/mm2及b=50 s/mm2、1000 s/mm2时,良性病变的信号衰减程度高于恶性病变,即b为50 s/mm2、1000 s/mm2时,恶性病变为高信号,而良性病变呈相对等信号或低信号,良恶性病灶信号强度差异明显。恶性病变的ADC值(b值为50 s/mm2、1000 s/mm2时计算)[(0.845±0.0110)×10-3mm2/s,n=55]明显低于良性病变的ADC值(b值为50 s/mm2、1000 s/mm2时计算)[(2.230±0.0497)×10-3mm2/s,n=37],经秩和检验差异具有统计学意义(Z=-7.905,P<0.01),敏感性及特异性分别为96.36%和83.78%。结论 DWI对肝脏肿瘤性病变、特别是影像学表现不典型肿瘤性病变具有较大诊断价值,对肝脏肿瘤性病变的良恶性鉴别诊断是一种简单、实用的影像学检查方法。     

Value of ADC in Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnosis of Hepatic Neoplasm

目的 评估MR扩散加权成像(DWI)对肝脏肿瘤性病变、特别是影像学表现不典型肿瘤性病变的诊断价值及其良恶性鉴别诊断价值.资料与方法 对2010年8月至201 1年5月的55例患者(34例为肿瘤患者怀疑有肝脏转移,21例CT、B超等影像学检查拟诊肝脏占位性病变无法进行定性诊断)行MR常规序列及DWI,共发现92个病灶(25个原发性肝癌,27个肝转移瘤,3个肝胆管细胞癌,2个肝硬化结节,2个肝脏局灶性结节增生,7个肝血管瘤,26个肝囊肿).通过分析肝脏病灶信号强度随b值不同的变化及病灶表观扩散系数(ADC)值的大小(平均数±标准差)等对肝脏肿瘤性病变、特别是不典型肿瘤性病变的良恶性进行诊断及鉴别诊断,以病理结果或随访结果为标准计算其敏感性及特异性. 结果 MR DWI上,b＝50 s/mm2、500s/mm2及b＝ 50 s/mm2、1000 s/mm2 时,良性病变的信号衰减程度高于恶性病变,即b为50 s/mm2、1000 s/mm2时,恶性病变为高信号,而良性病变呈相对等信号或低信号,良恶性病灶信号强度差异明显.恶性病变的ADC值(b值为50 s/mm2、1000 s/mm2时计算)[ (0.845 ±0.0110)×10-3mm2/s,n＝55]明显低于良性病变的ADC值(b值为50 s/mm2、1000 s/mm2时计算)[ (2.230 ±0.0497)×10-3mm2/s,n＝37],经秩和检验差异具有统计学意义(Z＝-7.905,P＜0.01),敏感性及特异性分别为96.36％和83.78％.结论 DWI对肝脏肿瘤性病变、特别是影像学表现不典型肿瘤性病变具有较大诊断价值,对肝脏肿瘤性病变的良恶性鉴别诊断是一种简单、实用的影像学检查方法.     

胎儿肝脏血管内皮瘤MRI诊断的初步探讨

目的:探讨胎儿肝脏血管内皮瘤的产前MRI表现及诊断价值.方法:5例孕妇,孕龄22～ 37周.产前常规行超声(US)检查后24 ～ 48h内行MR检查,采用二维快速平衡稳态采集(2D FIESTA)序列、单次激发快速自旋回波(SSFSE)序列以及快速翻转恢复运动抑制(FIRM)序列,行胎儿颅脑胸腹部常规及肝脏重点冠状面、矢状面及横断面扫描,将产前MRI、US表现与出生后影像表现或手术病理结果对照.结果:5例肝脏血管内皮瘤均表现为肝脏内边界清晰的单个肿块,其中1例合并皮下多发血管瘤.在FIESTA、SSFSE序列上表现为不均匀稍高信号,在FIRM序列上表现为不均匀低信号.所有病例FIESTA序列肝脏横断面可见包块周边扩张的肝血管和远端腹主动脉变细.结论:产前MRI能提供诊断胎儿肝脏血管内皮瘤的有用信息,能提供产前US以外的补充诊断信息.     

Comparing the Detectability of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by C-Arm Dual-Phase Cone-Beam Computed Tomography During Hepatic Arteriography With Conventional Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Purpose  

To evaluate the sensitivity of dual-phase cone-beam computed tomography during hepatic arteriography (CBCTHA) for the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by comparing it with the diagnostic imaging “gold standard”: contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI) of the liver.     

Imaging of Anal Fistulas: Comparison of Computed Tomographic Fistulography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging

The primary importance of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in evaluating anal fistulas lies in its ability to demonstrate hidden areas of sepsis and secondary extensions in patients with fistula in ano. MR imaging is relatively expensive, so there are many healthcare systems worldwide where access to MR imaging remains restricted. Until recently, computed tomography (CT) has played a limited role in imaging fistula in ano, largely owing to its poor resolution of soft tissue. In this article, the different imaging features of the CT and MRI are compared to demonstrate the relative accuracy of CT fistulography for the preoperative assessment of fistula in ano. CT fistulography and MR imaging have their own advantages for preoperative evaluation of perianal fistula, and can be applied to complement one another when necessary.     

CT及MRI对Budd-Chiari综合征中副肝静脉的检测及临床意义

目的 探讨Budd-Chiari综合征中副肝静脉的CT、MRI表现,评价其在Budd-Chiari综合征诊断与治疗中的价值. 资料与方法 有CT、MRI资料的Budd-Chiari综合征病例24例(其中22例行介入诊疗),观察副肝静脉的CT、MRI表现,结合DSA表现和介入治疗方法 讨论副肝静脉的临床意义. 结果 24例Budd-Chiari综合征患者中, 20例检测到副肝静脉, 显示率83.3%.典型的副肝静脉主要分布于肝VI段及临近肝组织内,表现为与下腔静脉相通的管道. 结论 在大多数Budd-Chiari 综合征患者中CT及MRI可以直观地观察副肝静脉的形态、侧支循环情况及其与下腔静脉的交通情况, 对该病的诊断、治疗方案的制定和预后判断都有重要意义.