保留止点半腱肌、股薄肌肌腱重建修复陈旧性髌韧带断裂2例报告

目的探讨利用保留止点半腱肌、股薄肌肌腱重建修复陈旧性髌韧带断裂的的治疗方法和疗效。方法采用保留止点半腱肌、股薄肌腱横穿髌骨隧道后重叠缝合重建髌韧带并加用减张钢丝固定方法治疗2例陈旧性髌韧带断裂。结果2例患者均得到随访,分别随访18个月与24个月。术后2、3、6、12、18个月及2年分别对2例病人进行Lysholm评分,术后1年平均分达到80分以上,显示治疗结果为优。结论对于陈旧性髌韧带断裂患者,取半腱肌及股薄肌对其加强重建辅以钢丝内固定手术为临床操作方便、疗效较为可靠的方法。     

Reconstruction of a Neglected Achilles Tendon Rupture With an Achilles Tendon Allograft: A Case Report

Multiple surgical techniques for repair of neglected Achilles tendon ruptures have been described in the literature. The authors present a case using a freeze-dried Achilles tendon allograft for repair of a neglected rupture of the Achilles tendon with a defect of 10 cm. At 1-year follow-up, the patient achieved pre-injury functional use of the affected limb.     

同种异体肌腱移植修复手部肌腱缺损及指功能重建的疗效

目的探讨应用同种异体肌腱移植修复手部肌腱缺损及重建屈/伸指功能的临床效果。方法 2015年3月至2017年6月间,我科应用同种异体肌腱移植修复手部肌腱缺损18例22指,男12例,女6例;年龄为20-45岁,平均(32.9±8.3)岁。其中伸肌腱缺损6例8指,屈肌腱缺损12例14指。手部伸肌腱缺损范围6-10cm,平均(7.8±2.1)cm;屈肌腱缺损范围5-8cm,平均(6.6±1.3)cm。患者受伤至手术时间为1.5-8个月,平均(5.0±2.8)个月。术前皮肤软组织缺损者行皮瓣转移修复,骨折及骨缺损者行切开复位或植骨内固定术,手部各指间或掌指关节积极行锻炼至被动活动正常,若关节挛缩则行关节松解术。伸肌腱缝合方法采用编织缝合法,屈肌腱缝合方法采用津下套圈或编织缝合法,屈肌腱滑车缺损者在手术同时重建滑车。术后应用抗生素预防感染,伤口定期换药,所有病例均没有使用免疫抑制剂。术后3d-4周伸肌腱移植者以主动屈曲、被动伸直锻炼为主,屈肌腱移植者以主动伸直、被动屈曲锻炼为主,每天活动3次。4周后逐渐增加活动次数及强度,以主动伸屈活动为主。采用国际手外科联合会制定的手指关节总活动度(total active movement,TAM)评定标准评价手部功能。结果 3例术后出现伤口脂肪液化,细菌培养证实为无菌性渗出,予以伤口定期换药后均于术后20d内愈合;其余病例伤口均一期愈合。3例5指因屈肌腱黏连行肌腱松解术。术后随访8-24个月,平均(14.7±4.8)个月。TAM评价结果,优9指,良7指,可3指,差3指,优良率为72.7%。结论同种异体肌腱移植是代替自体肌建移植修复手部肌腱缺损及重建屈/伸指功能的较好方法之一,具有手部功能恢复满意、临床效果显著等优点,但仍存在术后肌腱黏连导致手功能优良率降低,伤口局部存在无菌性渗出导致愈合时间延长等问题,上述问题需在日后的临床应用过程中加以研究解决。     

Reconstruction of Neglected Achilles’ Tendon Defect With Peroneus Brevis Tendon Allograft: A Case Report

This case report describes the use of a peroneus brevis allograft to reconstruct a neglected Achilles' tendon injury in a 75-year-old woman. She had difficulty walking, had stiffness, and was unable to perform a heel raise from a single-leg standing position. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed a 6.8-cm wide defect 13 months after the initial injury. Surgical repair of the neglected rupture was performed using 4 strands of peroneus brevis allograft to bridge the defect. Early weight bearing and rehabilitation was allowed. At follow-up clinical examination 14 months postoperation, the patient could perform 15 full-range standing heel raises on the involved side versus 22 on the noninvolved side. Maximum calf circumference was 30.7 cm in the operated leg versus 33 cm at the noninvolved side. At 24 months postoperation the patient could perform 16 full-range standing heel raises on the injured leg versus 24 on the normal leg (33% deficit). The maximum calf circumference improved to 31 cm on the injured side compared with 34 cm on the noninvolved side (9% deficit). The AOFAS Ankle-Hindfoot Clinical Rating System score improved from 55 just before operation to 96 at 14 months postoperatively. The score further improved to 100 at the 2-year follow-up examination. The patient was playing recreational doubles tennis 1 to 2 times per week without symptoms.     

半腱肌腱加强重建手术治疗膝关节内侧副韧带损伤

目的探讨膝关节内侧副韧带损伤的类型及使用半腱肌腱加强重建手术的治疗效果。方法自2009年6月至2012年6月,使用内侧副韧带修补及半腱肌腱重建加强手术治疗内侧副韧带损伤38例,男25例,女13例;年龄22～57岁,平均42岁。左侧16例,右侧22例,皆为单侧致伤。根据临床分级标准,Ⅱ度损伤2例,Ⅲ度损伤36例;新鲜损伤30例,陈旧损伤8例。结果38例皆获得随访,随访时间6～12个月,平均8个月。按改良Lysholmscale评分标准进行疗效评价,优24例,良11例,可2例,差1例,优良率92．1％。结论断端修补缝合联合半腱肌腱重建加强手术治疗膝关节内侧副韧带损伤是一种疗效可靠的治疗方法,值得临床推广。     

Surgical Techniques for Repair of Atraumatic Tibialis Anterior Tendon Ruptures: A Report of Two Cases

Tendon ruptures of the foot and ankle are overwhelmingly due to direct or blunt force trauma; however, spontaneous tendon ruptures have been less commonly documented in the published data. Surgical techniques for the repair of atraumatic ruptures differ from those for acute traumatic ruptures owing to the delayed patient presentation. Spontaneous tendon ruptures usually result from predisposing factors that have compromised the structural integrity of the tendon before the rupture occurs. We present 2 cases of atraumatic rupture of the tibialis anterior tendon, each repaired using a different surgical technique. A unique surgical procedure was selected after preoperative planning and individual patient considerations. Each patient had a minimum follow-up period of 12 months after surgery. Both patients returned to their previous functional status with no long-term sequela.     

应用同种异体肌腱加强修复治疗陈旧性跟腱断裂

目的探讨同种异体肌腱加强修复治疗陈旧性跟腱断裂的临床疗效。方法2005年1月至2011年12月,对26例陈旧性跟腱断裂患者,采用同种异体肌腱在跟腱断裂两侧的正常跟腱组织冠状面钻孔环扎,加强修复断裂的跟腱。结果26例均获随访9～52个月,平均30．7个月,除1例术后伤口延迟愈合外,其余伤口均I期愈合,无全身或局部不良反应,无跟腱黏连再手术者,无跟腱再断裂发生。采用Arner—Lindholm疗效评定方法,优22例（84．6％）,良4例（15．4％）。结论同种异体肌腱加强修复治疗陈旧性跟腱断裂疗效满意,并发症少,手术操作简单,是一种可行的手术方法。