桡神经非创伤性神经束扭转的临床研究

目的探讨桡神经非创伤性神经束扭转的发病机理和治疗结果。方法结合5例临床桡神经非创伤性神经束扭转患者病史、术中发现、病理结果及治疗经过,对该病的发病机制及治疗方法进行初步探讨。结果5例桡神经非创伤性神经束扭转患者在临床表现及术中所见均与典型周围神经嵌压患者不同,积极手术干预,临床效果满意。结论周围神经的螺旋样结构及其滋养血管的炎症表现是导致非创伤性神经束扭转的两个重要原因。     

医源性桡神经损伤

目的 总结31例医源性桡神经损伤的经验教训。方法 手术治疗25例,非手术治疗6例。手术行端端鞘膜法缝合13例,束膜法缝合5例,神经移植4例,粘连松解3例。结果 按朱家恺标准评价：优者24例,良者6例,可者1例。随访时间最长者10年,最短者1年。结论 熟知桡神经和肱骨干及桡骨头的密切解剖关系和细致的手术操作,加强医生的责任心,医源性桡神经损伤是完全可以避免的。手术时间的选择,应尽早的进行,不必考虑骨折愈合与否。     

桡神经浅支卡压的解剖与临床

目的:了解桡神经浅支卡压的依据并讨论了该征的诊断及治疗原则。方法:解剖观测了20具40侧成人上肢标本桡神经浅支穿出处的局部解剖特点及其距桡骨茎突的距离,随访了12例患者,9例采用局部封闭治疗,3例采用手术神经松解治疗。结果:桡神经浅支穿出部位为腱性组织所包绕。该处筋膜将肱桡肌腱挤在一起,从而易于受压。临床随访6个月至2年,保守及手术治疗患者症状均完全消失无复发。结论:解剖:桡神经浅支在前臂中下段易发生卡压有其解剖学基础。临床上病程短症状轻患者保守治疗往往能有较好疗效,病程长症状重或存在其它病理性压迫患者往往需要手术治疗。     

桡神经浅支的功能解剖学观察

目的 对桡神经浅支进行功能解剖学观察,为桡神经浅支移植修复神经缺损提供解剖学依据.方法 取成人前臂防腐标本30侧,测量下列数据:桡神经浅段长,桡神经浅支深段长,桡神经浅支不同部位的横径以及桡神经浅支分支处与前臂外侧皮神经、正中神经之间的垂直距离.用8侧新鲜肢体的前臂神经作冰冻切片,进行HE染色,在显微镜下计数其内各自的...     

Anatomical Course of the Superficial Branch of the Radial Nerve and Clinical Significance for Surgical Approaches in the Distal Forearm

Abstract 10 embalmed cadaver forearms and wrists were dissected to determine the anatomical course of the superficial branch of the radial nerve in the distal forearm. The superficial radial nerve bifurcated in two branches at a mean of 54,7 mm proximal to the radial styloid. From the styloid process of the radius, the mean distance to the closest dorsal branch of the superficial radial nerve was 3,5 mm and the mean distance to the closest volar branch was 9,8 mm. The mean distance between the closest branch of the superficial radial nerve and Lister?s tubercle was 16,4 mm. The crossing point between the nerve and the cephalic vein was located at a mean of 54,3 mm proximal to the styloid process. At the level of styloid process the mean distance between the closest dorsal branch of the superficial radial nerve and the first dorsal compartment was 15,2 mm and between the closest volar branch and the first dorsal compartment 4,4 mm. Detailed knowledge of anatomic characteristics of the superficial branch of the radial nerve may help prevent injury during operations and treat traumatic lesions of the nerve. Because of great variations in the course of the superficial radial nerve we could not define an absolute safe zone for surgical procedures on the distal forearm. Iatrogenic lesions of the superficial radial nerve are described complications of percutaneous procedures. Therefore open surgical approaches are recommended. Daniela Klitscher and Lars Peter Müller contributed equally to this work.     

桡神经浅支及其分支的解剖学研究及临床意义

目的通过对尸体标本桡神经浅支的解剖学研究为减少桡神经浅支的医源性损伤提供帮助。方法通过对40具尸体40侧桡神经浅支的解剖,观测其分支类型、变异、解剖学路径及其同周围组织间关系,并进行相关数据统计学分析。结果按照Ikiz和Ucerler对桡神经浅支的分型,I型29例(72.5%),II型2例(5%),III型3例(7.5%)。40例中4例桡神经浅支的SR3分支缺如,1例桡神经浅支缺如。桡神经浅支同鼻烟壶区、第一背侧间隔、头静脉、桡动脉、前臂外侧皮神经等周围组织间存在一定关系。统计分析显示桡骨茎突同桡神经浅出点间最短距离与第一掌指关节同桡骨背突间距离存在显著相关性,其回归方程为y=1.0138x-0.0015(R2=0.5222,R=0.732)(P0.05)。结论通过了解桡神经浅支及其分支的分型、变异、与周围组织的关系并结合其浅出点等体表定位能使笔者减少对其意外的损伤。