老年男性阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者血清脂联素水平的变化

目的探讨老年男性阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAS)血清脂联素水平的变化。方法选择62例习惯性打鼾老年人行多导睡眠仪监测,根据呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)分为单纯打鼾组(对照组),OSAS组,以放射免疫法测定血清中脂联素水平。结果OSAS组的血清脂联素水平显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。而血清脂联素水平在轻度OSAS患者中即有显著降低(P<0.05),在中度和重度OSAS患者中进一步降低(P<0.01)。OSAS各亚组间的比较发现:中、重度组的血清脂联素水平均明显低于轻度OSAS组(P<0.05)。Pearson相关分析提示OSAS患者血清脂联素水平与AHI、体重指数(BMI)、腰围(WC)、颈围(NC)、反应性胰岛素抵抗的体内稳态模式(HOMA)指数呈负相关,与最低血氧饱和度(mini SpO2)呈正相关。偏相关分析提示血清脂联素水平与AHI呈负相关(r=-0.26,P<0.05),与SpO2呈正相关(r=0.24,P<0.05)。多元逻辑回归分析提示血清脂联素水平与OSAS独立相关。结论老年男性OSAS患者血清中脂联素水平较单纯打鼾者为低。     

男性阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者性激素研究

目的探讨男性阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者(OSAHS)是否存在性激素的异常及性激素与多导睡眠监测(PSG)指标的关系。方法研究79名确诊OSAHS患者及12名非OSAHS患者作为对照组的资料。观察指标包括整晚睡眠监测及性激素六项水平。结果 1.非OSAHS组与OSAHS组的睾酮有统计学差异(P<0.01),且OSAHS组的睾酮降低;其余五项激素差异不具有统计学意义。2.睾酮的变化与腹围等相关。结论男性阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者存在性激素水平的差异,且其变化与呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)严重程度无关,与肥胖度有关。     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者血清脂联素水平的研究

目的 探讨血清脂联素在阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者体内的变化。方法 选择伴有肥胖的OSAHS患者71例(肥胖OSAHS组)、不伴肥胖的OSAHS患者21例(非肥胖OSAHS组)、单纯性肥胖者26例(单纯性肥胖组)和健康成人22例(正常对照组)。其中肥胖OSAHS组和单纯性肥胖组的体重指数(BMI)均大于25,两组间BMI差异无显著性。肥胖OSAHS组又进一步分为轻度(26例)、中度(22例)和重度(23例)。均接受多导睡眠仪监测和放射免疫法测定血清脂联素水平。结果 正常对照组血清脂联素水平[(8.9±0.6)mg/L]显著高于单纯性肥胖组[(7.1±1.3)mg/L](P<0.05)、非肥胖OSAHS组[(5.4±0.6)mg/L,P<0.01]和肥胖OSAHS组[(5.0±1.0)mg/L,P<01]。与单纯性肥胖组的血清脂联素水平相比,无论肥胖OSAHS组或非肥胖OSAHS组均显著降低,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。肥胖OSAHS组与非肥胖OSAHS组的血清脂联素水平相比,差异无显著性(P>0.05)。肥胖OSAHS组与单纯性肥胖组的分析显示:血清脂联素水平与呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)(r=-0.78,P<0.01)、BMI(r=-0.21,P<0.05)、腰围(r=-O.36,P<0.01)和颈围呈负相关(r=-0.42,P<0.01),与最低脉搏血氧饱和度呈正相关(r=0.48,P<0.01)。结论 OSAHS患者中血清脂联素水平较正常对照和单纯肥胖者更低,除了腰围和颈围的因素     

脂联素与 OSAHS 的研究进展

OSAHS 作为一种常见的睡眠呼吸障碍性疾病,其发病机制目前尚未完全明确。脂联素是一种新近发现的脂肪细胞因子,通过与脂联素受体结合产生调节糖脂代谢、抑制炎症反应、保护血管内皮等作用,与 OSAHS 的发生发展有密切联系。本文就脂联素与 OSAHS 的研究进展进行综述。     

Cough hypersensitivity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome

Sleep and Breathing - The purpose of this study was to investigate cough hypersensitivity and its potential mechanisms in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Fifteen...     

Elevated fractalkine in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome

Background

Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) has been increasingly linked to cardiovascular disease. Inflammatory processes associated with OSAHS may contribute to artherosclerosis in these patients. Fractalkine is a unique chemokine which has both adhesive and chemoattractant functions. We tested the hypothesis that OSAHS patients have increased fractalkine.

Methods and results

We studied 20 patients (18 males and 2 females) with newly diagnosed OSAHS, who were free of other diseases, had never been treated for OSAHS, and were taking no medications. We compared fractalkine measurements in these patients to measurements obtained in 15 control subjects (14 males and 1 female) who were matched for age and body mass index, and in whom occult OSAHS was excluded. Plasma fractalkine levels were significantly higher in patients with OSAHS than in controls (463.15?±?110.78 versus 364.67?±?64.81 pg/mL, F?=?2.58, P?=?0.004). Fractalkine were associated with AHI (r?=?0.756, P?<?0.0001), lowest oxygen saturation (r?=??0.466, P?=?0.005), and mean oxygen saturation (r?=??0.344, P?=?0.043). Plasma fractalkine levels were significantly decreased in patients with OSAHS after four nights nCPAP (463.15?±?110.78 versus 416.75?±?97.67 pg/mL, P?=?0.001).

Conclusions

OSAHS is associated with elevated levels of fractalkine, a marker of inflammation related to artherosclerosis. The severity of OSAHS is proportional to the fractalkine level.     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者血清抵抗素水平的研究

目的研究抵抗素和肥胖的关系,进一步探讨OSAHS可能的发病机制。方法以在我院呼吸科睡眠监测中心进行整夜7h多导睡眠图监测的94例就诊者为受试对象,监测其体重指数(BMI)、呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)、最低血氧饱和度(LSaO2)、血氧饱和度低于90%时间百分比(SLT90%)、氧减指数(ODI)、空腹血糖(FPG)、三酰甘油(TG)等指标。根据AHI和BMI将受试者分为4组:OSAHS肥胖组(35例)、OSAHS非肥胖组(35例)、对照肥胖组(14例),对照非肥胖组(10例)。应用酶联免疫吸附法测定所有对象血清抵抗素水平。结果(1)OSAHS组血清抵抗素明显高于对照组。(2)OSAHS组FPG明显高于对照组。(3)OSAHS组TG水平高于对照组;(4)OSAHS组肥胖人群、OSAHS组非肥胖人群、对照组肥胖人群血清抵抗素水平与FPG具有正相关性。(5)OSAHS组肥胖人群、OSAHS组非肥胖人群、对照组肥胖人群血清抵抗素水平与TG具有正相关性。(6)OS-AHS组血清抵抗素水平与BMI具有正相关性。(7)OSAHS组人群血清抵抗素水平与LSaO2呈负相关。(8)OS-AHS组患者血清抵抗素水平与AHI呈正相...     

Depressive symptoms in patients with obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome

Objective

The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of depressive symptoms in Peruvian patients with obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea (OSAH) and the association between the presence of depressive symptoms and OSAH severity.

Methods

Physical examination, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) were applied, and a polysomnography test was performed.

Results

Data on 312 patients, 12 % females, 46.1?±?11.7 years of age, were analyzed. BDI and ESS scores were 8.3?±?5.7 and 9.8?±?5.5, respectively. A total of 244 (78 %) patients had OSAH: 27 % of the cases were mild, 23 % were moderate, and 50 % were severe. Eighteen percent of the population had depression. A univariate analysis found a relationship between depressive symptoms and OSAH, as well as with some polysomnographic variables related to OSAH severity. The association between depression and OSAH was not significant in the multivariate analysis.

Conclusions

No association was found between depressive symptoms and OSAH.     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者糖代谢异常的研究

目的 探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者糖代谢异常的发生情况及与OSAHS严重程度的关系;短期持续气道正压(CPAP)通气治疗后,糖代谢异常是否会有所改善.方法 监测214例OSAHS者的睡眠和糖代谢,对糖代谢异常者行CPAP通气治疗.结果 糖代谢异常者OSAHS组88例(54.3%),对照组17例(32.7%).Logistic回归分析显示,糖代谢异常与OSAHS相关.OSAHS患者[呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)≥10次/h]发生糖代谢异常的风险是普通人群的2.44倍(95%CI 1.201～4.958).7例患者行CPAP通气治疗,治疗前后血糖变化差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 OSAHS患者(AHI≥10次/h)糖代谢异常的发生率高,OSAHS是糖代谢异常的独立危险因素之一;超重和(或)肥胖在糖代谢异常的发生、发展中起主要作用,排除超重和(或)肥胖的干扰,OSAHS患者的血糖水平与AHI、最长呼吸暂停时间相关;短期CPAP通气治疗改善OSAHS患者糖代谢异常的效果不明显.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the prevalence of impaired glucose-insulin metabolism in obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS); to examine the relation between severity of OSAHS and impaired glucose metabolism; and to evaluate the effectiveness of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on impaired glucose metabolism.Methods A total of 214 patients who were free of diabetes at baseline underwent both nocturnal polysomnography (PSG),and 2-h oral glucose-tolerance test,insulin and hemoglobin Alc test.CPAP treatment for glucose-insulin metabolism ( + ) was given to OSAHS group after informed consent had been obtained.Results Eighty-eight patients and 17 patients with impaired glucoseinsulin metabolism were found in OSAHS group and the control group respectively.Impaired glucose-insulin metabolism was present in 54.3% of OSAHS group and 32.7% of control group.Logistic regression analysis showed a significant positive correlation with OSAHS ( AHI ≥ 10 times/h ) and impaired glucose-insulin metabolism in all patients (OR = 2.440,95% CI 1.201-4.958 ).Plasma glucose level changes had no significant differences between before and after CPAP treatment (P ＞ 0.05 ).ConclusionOSAHS is associated with a high frequency of impaired glucose metabolism.The relationship between OSAHS and impaired glucose metabolism is independent of obesity.Longest apnea time (LAT) and AHI are important contributors to impaired glucose metabolism in OSAHS patients.Short-term CPAP therapy has no significant improvement on glucose metabolism in patients with OSAHS.     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征对患者心肌缺血负荷的影响

目的探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)对患者心肌缺血的影响及可能机制。方法纳入52例OSAHS患者和21名健康体检者,应用多导睡眠监测系统(PSG)行至少7 h睡眠呼吸监测,长程动态心电图(Holter)同步记录心电动态变化,分析心肌缺血与呼吸紊乱指数(AHI)的关系。结果轻中度OSAHS组(5次/h≤AHI<30次/h)与重度OSAHS组(AHI≥30次/h)均表现为睡眠时心肌缺血负荷显著大于觉醒时,且OSAHS患者AHI与睡眠时心肌缺血负荷相关(r=0.667,P<0.01)。轻中度OSAHS组与重度OSAHS组分别根据有无心肌缺血情况,分为心肌缺血组和无心肌缺血组。轻中度组亚组分析显示,与无心肌缺血组相比,心肌缺血组清醒时与睡眠时的平均心率均显著增快[(83.33±6.86)次/min比(76.30±8.52)次/min;(64.71±6.94)次/min比(59.18±2.94)次/min,均为P<0.05]。重度组亚组分析显示,与无心肌缺血组相比,心肌缺血组睡眠效率(74.71%±8.32%比86.36%±6.33%,P<0.01)、最低血氧饱和度(52.36%±17.32%比64.80%±14.86%,P<0.05)、平均血氧饱和度(87.93%±4.80%比92.00%±1.73%,P<0.01)及总非快速动眼期时间/总睡眠时间(68.67%±4.19%比76.87%±7.16%,P<0.05)均显著降低,SaO_2<90%的时间及最长呼吸暂停时间[(236.65±132.72)min比(124.10±82.99)min;(71.63±15.94)s比(55.28±22.05)s,均为P<0.05]均显著延长。结论 OSAHS患者睡眠时的心肌缺血与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停相关。轻中度OSAHS患者睡眠时心肌缺血可能由反复交感神经系统激活相关的改变所致,重度OSAHS患者的心肌缺血可能与低氧血症及睡眠结构紊乱相关。     

Serum omentin levels in patients with obstructive sleep apnea

Background

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is associated with increased rates of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The basic mechanisms involved in the increased cardiovascular risk of OSAS remain unclear. Recent discoveries of fat-secreted substances which serve endocrine roles improve our understanding of the relationship between OSAS, CVD, and the metabolic syndrome. In this study, we aimed to examine associations between omentin levels and OSA.

Methods

Forty-six newly diagnosed OSA patients and 35 non-apneic controls were enrolled in this study. Demographical data, cigarette smoking status, previous history of chronic diseases including CVD and metabolic diseases and drugs, and habits were obtained using a standardized questionnaire. All patients underwent polysomnographic evaluation. Omentin was measured the following morning.

Results

The mean age was 48.1?±?12.5 (24–74) years in the OSA group and 42.8?±?14.1 (21–69) years in the control group. Of the 81 patients, 46 (34 males and 12 females) were classified as having OSA and 35 patients (20 males and 15 females) as control. Plasma levels of omentin were found to be markedly higher in OSA patients (570.8 ng/ml) than in the control group (432.0 ng/ml; p?<?0.001). In addition, plasma levels of omentin were found to be high in all OSA subgroups than in controls. The plasma omentin levels were significantly correlated only with age in patients with OSA.

Conclusions

We conclude that circulating omentin levels are elevated in OSA patients. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first clinical study that demonstrated the association between omentin and OSA.     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征93例临床分析

目的通过检测阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者血清血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)质量浓度,探讨其与肺动脉高压的关系。方法选择2003-02~2004-09温州医学院附属第一医院收治的93例因打鼾就诊的患者,对18例单纯鼾症、39例轻中度及36例重度OSAHS患者于多导睡眠图(PSG)检测后次日晨7:00测定其血清VEGF质量浓度,并予超声心动图检测了其中31例OSAHS患者肺动脉压力。结果PSG检测结果显示与单纯鼾症组比,OSAHS组存在夜间低氧;且重度组比轻中度OSAHS组夜间低氧更严重(均有统计学意义)。与单纯鼾症组比较,VEGF质量浓度在重度OSAHS组中明显升高(P<0·05),并分别与衡量病情及夜间低氧情况指标呈正相关,与夜间最低经皮血氧饱和度(SpO2)呈负相关。结论中重度OSAHS患者存在夜间低氧饱和度,同时有VEGF增高。     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的药物治疗进展

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSAHS）的发病机制目前尚完全了解，但已明确它可造成心血管及神经认知功能的不良影响。本文简要介绍了其动物模型，并基于不同发病机制假说，综述相关睡眠机制和神经肌肉调节、通气控制、改善胰岛素抵抗、抗炎和辅助疗法几个方面药物治疗的研究进展。     

Chemerin 与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征

OSAHS 发病率逐年升高,已成为危害人类健康的主要疾病之一,OSAHS 的发病机制目前尚未完全阐明。chemerin 作为一种新的脂肪因子,可通过自分泌、旁分泌、内分泌等形式作用于机体脂肪细胞,促进脂肪细胞的分化、脂解,影响糖脂代谢;并可参与机体的血压调节、免疫应答及炎症反应等,与 OSAHS 的发生有密切的联系。本文就脂肪因子 chemerin 与 OSAHS 的相关性进行简要综述。     

肥胖与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征

肥胖患者下颌及咽周脂肪沉积阻塞气道,可导致阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS),可能作为OSAHS的预测指标.OSAHS是一种由于睡眠期间反复发生上气道塌陷导致睡眠呼吸暂停以及反复低氧的一种疾病,可引起一系列内分泌和代谢异常.OSAHS患者夜间缺氧可导致脂代谢异常、胰岛素敏感性下降、瘦素抵抗,从而在肥胖的发生、发展中起一定作用.     

睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的遗传学研究进展

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome,OSAHS）是具有潜在危险的常见疾病,它是高血压、冠心病、心肌梗塞、脑卒中等疾病的独立危险因素,亦是导致交通事故的重要原因。尽管其确切的发病机制尚未完全明确,但遗传因素在其中的作用不可忽视,本文就OSAHS的遗传学研究综述如下。     

老年睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者生活质量的相关性研究

目的 调查阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)对老年人生命质量的影响及影响因素. 方法 利用一般健康状况调查问卷(SF-36)健康评价量表评估生活质量,病历对照研究比较分析OSAHS患者和对照组在SF-36各健康领域功能状态的差异,线性相关分析多导睡眠监测(PSG)相关参数和SF-36各领域分值的相关性和相关程度. 结果 中重度OSAHS患者SF-36中躯体功能、生命力及社会功能领域分值明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).相关分析发现,躯体功能和年龄、整夜脉搏血氧饱和度＜90%时间呈负相关,生命力与整夜脉搏血氧饱和度＜90%时间、Epworth 嗜睡评价量表(ESS)呈负相关,社会功能与ESS呈负相关(P＜0.05). 结论 中重度OSAHS对老年人的生命质量有负面作用,年龄、夜间低氧血症持续时间和白天嗜睡可能起了较大的作用.     

伴阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征高血压患者的血压控制研究

目的探讨伴阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的高血压患者,同时服用降压药和接受持续气道正压通气(CPAP)是否能有效控制血压。方法选取2014年1月至2015年6月南京医科大学第一附属医院睡眠中心就诊的伴有OSAHS高血压患者180例,根据服用降压药物后血压是否被有效控制,分为控制组(n=87)和未控制组(n=93),两组在服用降压药同时接受CPAP 6个月,比较服用不同降压药方案和CPAP治疗前后血压是否得到有效控制的关系。结果所有患者共使用13种不同的降压药方案进行治疗。控制组与未控制组患者降压药方案差异无统计学意义(P0.05),多因素logistic回归分析表明降压药方案不是影响伴OSAHS高血压患者血压控制的独立预测因子(OR=1.897,P=0.094)。使用CPAP后控制组、非控制组夜间收缩压(SBP)和舒张压(DBP)均下降,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论伴OSAHS高血压病患者的降压治疗方案与血压控制无明显相关性,而CPAP治疗可使降压药有效组和无效组患者的夜间血压都降低。     

睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征问卷对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征诊断价值

目的 评价阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的流行病学调查表筛查价值.方法 疑似OSAHS的987例患者为研究对象,按照中华医学会呼吸病学分会睡眠学组睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征流行病学调查表进行问卷并行多导睡眠监测.将此问卷表进行量化评分,用克隆巴赫信度系数(α系数)进行信度计算,将各相关因素做方差分析及x2检验,筛选出有统计学意义的因素最后做Logistic回归分析.以鼾声中度以上的打鼾及体质量指数≥25 kg/m2为高危,反之为低危,进行敏感性,特异性,假阳性,假阴性,阳性似然比,阴性似然比,阳性预测值等.结果 疑似OSAHS患者987例,其中男800例(81.05％),女187例(18.95％),年龄18～80岁,平均(47±12)岁,平均体质量指数(29±5) kg/m2.＞60岁者156例(15.81％),≤60岁者831例(84.19％).克隆巴赫信度系数(Cronbach'salpha)是0.803,假阳性者20,假阴性者142,真阳性者742,真阴性者83,问卷的敏感性是83.94％,特异性是80.58％,假阳性率19.42％,假阴性率16.06％,阳性似然比4.32,阴性似然比0.20,阳性预测值0.97,阴性预测值0.37,正确率83.59％.结论 该睡眠调查表对OSAHS筛查具有一定意义,可用于临床OSAHS的初筛,尤其适合在社区和基层医院中推广使用.