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1.
目的了解中老年职工同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)血清分布特点,为防治高同型半胱氨酸血症(HHcy)提供依据。方法选择某炼化公司40岁以上的体检职工5 113人,分析不同性别、年龄血清Hcy水平和HHcy检出率及HHcy与心血管疾病危险因素的关联性。结果各年龄组男性血清Hcy水平及HHcy检出率均明显高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P0.01);男女HHcy检出率均随年龄增加呈增高趋势(P0.01);Logistic回归分析显示,男性(OR=3.99,95%CI:3.12~5.10)、年龄大(OR=1.02,95%CI:1.01~1.03)、有高血压(OR=2.56,95%CI:2.04~3.22)、收缩压高(OR=1.01,95%CI:1.01~1.02)和BMI值大(OR=1.40,95%CI:1.04~1.89)是HHcy独立危险因素;而肌酐清除率高(OR=0.39,95%CI:0.31~0.49)是保护因素。结论年龄大、收缩压高、BMI值大和肌酐清除率低与Hcy水平有关联。 相似文献
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目的分析阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者血浆同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平及相关危险因素。方法选取20122013年在我院门诊及住院的符合阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征诊断标准的患者62例,同时选择健康体检者60例作为对照,分别记录性别、年龄,测定血浆Hcy、收缩压、舒张压、血糖、胆固醇、甘油三脂等指标。结果阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征组同型半胱氨酸水平(20.07±7.67)μmol/L,对照组(12.12±3.21)μmol/L,组间差异有统计学意义(p<0.05)。多元线性回归分析年龄、收缩压、舒张压、血糖、胆固醇、甘油三脂与Hcy的关系,收缩压及血糖与同型半胱氨酸关系较密切(p<0.05)。结论阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者高同型半胱氨酸水平升高,高Hcy与血压及总胆固醇密切相关。 相似文献
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高同型半胱氨酸血症可能是心血管疾病新的独立危险因素,但前瞻性研究和遗传流行病学研究结果并不完全支持这一假说。增补叶酸、维生素B6、B12可有效降低血浆同型半胱氨酸,但降低同型半胱氨酸能否治疗或预防心血管疾病则有待大规律随机临床试验证实。 相似文献
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目的 初步确定宁夏回族自治区人群心血管疾病高危率,了解高危类型及聚集情况,分析相关危险因素,为宁夏心血管疾病的预防、早诊早治提供参考依据。方法 采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法, 选择8个县、区开展筛查。对调查对象进行问卷调查、体格测量和实验室检查。计数资料用率表示, 组间比较采用χ2检验,影响因素采用logistic回归分析。结果 共调查65249人,心血管疾病高危人群占比18.85%(12298例)。男性高危率(20.21%)高于女性(17.81%),差异具有统计学意义(χ2=59.97,P <0.05)。回族高危率(18.40%)低于汉族(19.00%),差异无统计学意义(χ2=4.03,P>0.05)。城乡(χ2=55.73)、教育程度(χ2=200.27)、职业(χ2=232.01)、家庭年收入(χ2=152.36)、婚姻状况(χ2=70.49)、BMI(χ2=1412.11)、吸烟(χ2=12.51)和饮酒(χ2=19.02)等因素的心血管疾病高危率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血压高型是心血管病高危的主要类型,为12.73%(8309例)。随着年龄、BMI值的增加,成为心血管病高危人群的风险性越大;吸烟、饮酒、不在婚、文盲及小学文化、从事行政及专业技术人员均为心血管病高危因素,呈现正相关性;而女性是其保护因素,呈现负相关性。结论 宁夏回族自治区心血管病高危率低于全国平均水平,血压高型是其主要高危类型。建议重点关注低学历、低收入、农村和高龄人群。 相似文献
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目的调查分析东风公司退休职工健康检查人群中血浆总同型半胱氨酸(t Hcy)与高血压及其主要危险因素的关系。方法对9 328例退休职工进行空腹抽血查t Hcy,测定高血压、体重指数(BMI)、腰臀比值(WPH)及超体重。结果 t Hcy总阳性率为30.4%,其中男性t Hcy阳性率为45.6%,女性为18.8%,性别间t Hcy阳性率差异有统计学意义(P0.01);t Hcy阳性率随年龄增长而上升,尤其以71岁后的男性最为突出,阳性率为51.8%。当t Hcy正常时,高血压的患病率为16.9%;当t Hcy异常时,高血压的患病为23.2%,两者之间差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。从高t Hcy水平看,t Hcy对收缩压或舒张压有一定的影响,当t Hcy正常时,单纯收缩压升高为45.6%,单纯舒张压升高为18.1%;当t Hcy异常时,单纯收缩压升高为57.7%,单纯舒张压升高为24.7%,两者之间差异亦有统计学意义(P0.01)。当BMI正常时,t Hcy阳性率为28.5%;当BMI异常时,t Hcy阳性率为33.3%,两者之间差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。当WPH正常时,t Hcy阳性率为33.7%;当WPH异常时,t Hcy阳性率为28.2%,两者之间差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。而超体重正常与异常时,t Hcy阳性率两者差异亦有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论年龄、性别、WPH、BMI均是t Hcy的危险因素,与t Hcy的水平具有一定的关系。 相似文献
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目的对同型半胱氨酸水平与脑梗死患者传统危险因素的相关性进行研究和分析。方法资料选自2012年12月—2013年12月在本院住院治疗的脑梗死患者46例,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析,并将其设定为实验组。随机选取46名到我院进行健康体检的正常人,将其设定为对照组,以循环酶法为主要方法,在对患者血清同型半胱氨酸水平进行测定的同时,对脑梗死患者传统危险因素进行测定。再以回归分析法为主要方法,以相关系数对传统指标和同型半胱氨酸的相关性进行评价。结果实验组患者血清同型半胱氨酸水平、高同型半胱氨酸血症的整体发病率均高于对照组,两组间比较差异具有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。同时,同型半胱氨酸与尿酸、脂蛋白之间呈现出正相关。而与舒张压、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、空腹血糖等均无相关性。结论同型半胱氨酸水平偏高已成为脑梗死患者传统危险因素,且同型半胱氨酸与尿酸、脂蛋白之间具有密切关系。因此,通过对同型半胱氨酸水平进行测定,可有效评估脑梗死患者传统危险因素,具有显著的意义,值得各大医疗机构临床推广使用。 相似文献
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高同型半胱氨酸血症可能是心血管疾病新的独立危险因素,但前瞻性研究和遗传流行病学研究结果并不完全支持这一假说。增补叶酸、维生素B_6、B_(12)可有效降低血浆同型半胱氨酸,但降低同型半胱氨酸能否治疗或预防心血管疾病则有待大规模随机临床试验证实。 相似文献
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目的探讨分析合并心血管疾病老年骨折患者的手术风险及其影响因素。方法回顾性分析192例合并心血管疾病的老年骨折患者的临床资料,采用微机多因素分析处理。结果老年骨折伴心血管疾病病人手术危险性大,有显著影响的因素依次为手术时间长、心血管病种类、心功能差和手术部位。结论对围手术期危险性作充分评估,严格掌握手术适应证,选择适当的手术时机,对心血管疾病作相应处理,能降低手术风险。 相似文献
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同型半胱氨酸和心血管疾病的流行病学研究进展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
近年来的研究发现 ,在心血管病的传统危险因素之外 ,蛋氨酸的代谢中间产物同型半胱氨酸 (homocysteine ,Hcy)是动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病强有力的预测因子。血液中总的同型半胱氨酸水平升高可导致冠心病、脑血管病、外周血管病、动静脉血栓栓塞性疾病。目前关于血液Hcy升高是动脉粥样硬化性疾病独立危险因素的观点 ,已被学术界广为接受。这一结论来自 80多个临床和流行病学研究[1] 。 5 ,10 亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶 (methylenetetrahydrofolatereductase,MTHFR)基因 6 77C→T突… 相似文献
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《Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics》2020,120(3):424-436
BackgroundKuwaiti adults have experienced a rapid increase in cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk factors. Dietary patterns in the Kuwaiti diet associated with the increasingly higher CVD burden have not been adequately evaluated.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to identify the major dietary patterns in Kuwaiti adults and examine their associations with CVD risk factors.DesignThis cross-sectional study examined data from the 2008-2009 National Nutrition Survey of the State of Kuwait.Participants/settingThe study included 555 Kuwaiti adults aged ≥20 years who completed a 24-hour dietary recall.Main outcome measuresThe outcome measures included CVD risk factors such as obesity (body mass index), abdominal obesity (waist circumference), elevated blood pressure, dyslipidemia (blood lipid levels), diabetes (glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels), and metabolic syndrome.Statistical analysisDietary patterns were identified using principal component analysis. The associations between dietary patterns and CVD risk factors were analyzed using survey-weighted multivariable linear and logistic regression models.ResultsThree dietary patterns were identified: vegetable-rich, fast food, and refined grains/poultry. Younger adults had higher adherence to the fast-food or refined-grains/poultry dietary patterns, whereas older adults had higher adherence to the vegetable-rich dietary pattern. The fast-food dietary pattern was positively associated with body mass index (β=.94, 95% CI 0.08 to 1.79), waist circumference (β=2.05, 95% CI 0.20 to 3.90 cm), and diastolic blood pressure (β=1.62, 95% CI 0.47 to 2.77 mm Hg). The refined grains/poultry dietary pattern was positively associated with plasma glucose levels (β=1.02, 95% CI 1.002 to 1.04 mg/dL [0.056 to 0.058 mmol/L]). Individuals in the highest tertile of the fast-food or refined-grains/poultry dietary patterns had higher odds of metabolic syndrome than those in the lowest tertile.ConclusionsThe fast-food and refined grains/poultry dietary patterns were associated with high prevalence of CVD risk factors among Kuwaiti adults. The current findings underscore the need for prospective studies to further explore dietary pattern and CVD risk factor relationships among at-risk Kuwait adults. 相似文献
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Background:
Dyslipidemia is a marker for ischemic heart disease (IHD), which can be detected in early childhood and tracks to adulthood. Dyslipidemia, along with factors like diet, obesity and sedentary activity, increases the risk of a child developing IHD in adulthood. Early detection and modification of these risk factors can prevent IHD.Objectives:
To study the lipid profile in children born to parents with history of premature IHD and also to study the effect of diet, lifestyle factors, and obesity in the study group.Materials and Methods:
Fifty children of parents with premature IHD and 50 control children without any family history of IHD were analyzed for cardiovascular risk factors such as lipid profile, body mass index (BMI) and hypertension. The effects of modifiable risk factors like diet and physical activity on lipid profile were analyzed. The correlation between parent and child lipid profile was studied.Results:
Mean total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides were significantly higher (P<0.05) in children with family history of IHD as compared to children without family history. There was a positive correlation between lipid levels of parents and their children. Children with elevated BMI, a sedentary lifestyle, and excess oily/junk diet intake showed increased incidence of dyslipidemia (P<0.05).Conclusions:
Children of IHD patients have significant incidence of dyslipidemia. The risk factors like BMI, diet and physical activity increase the incidence of dyslipidemia. Therefore, all children of premature IHD patients should be screened for dyslipidemia. 相似文献13.
Emerald G. Heiland Anna-Karin Welmer Rui Wang Giola Santoni Laura Fratiglioni Chengxuan Qiu 《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2019,20(2):208-212.e3
Objectives
We aimed to quantify the increased risk of disability associated with cardiovascular risk factors among older adults, and to verify whether this risk may vary by age and functional status.Design
Longitudinal population-based cohort study.Setting
Urban area of Stockholm, Sweden.Participants
Community-dwelling and institutionalized adults ≥60 years in the Swedish National study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen free of cardiovascular diseases and disability (n = 1756) at baseline (2001-2004).Measures
Incident disability in activities of daily living (ADL) was ascertained over 9 years. Cardiovascular risk factors (physical inactivity, alcohol consumption, smoking, high blood pressure, diabetes, high body mass index, high levels of total cholesterol, and high C-reactive protein) and walking speed were assessed at baseline. Data were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models, stratifying by younger-old (age 60-72 years) and older-old (≥78 years).Results
During the follow-up, 23 and 148 persons developed ADL-disability among the younger- and older-old, respectively. In the younger-old, the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of developing ADL-disability was 4.10 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.22-13.76) for physical inactivity and 5.61 (95% CI 1.17-26.82) for diabetes. In the older-old, physical inactivity was associated with incident ADL-disability (HR 1.99, 95% CI 1.36-2.93), and there was a significant interaction between physical inactivity and walking speed limitation (<0.8 m/s), showing a 6-fold higher risk of ADL-disability in those who were both physically inactive and had walking speed limitation than being active with no limitation, accounting for a population-attributable risk of 42.7%.Conclusions/Implications
Interventions targeting cardiovascular risk factors may be more important for the younger-old in decreasing the risk of disability, whereas improving physical function and maintaining physical activity may be more beneficial for the older-old. 相似文献14.
目的分析北京市城乡结合部中老年人心血管疾病危险因素及其聚集情况。方法 2007年采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法对16371名35~74岁北京市城乡结合部居民进行横断面调查,通过问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检查收集资料进行分析。结果北京市城乡结合部中老年人超重或肥胖、糖尿病、高血压、血脂异常和吸烟等主要心血管疾病危险因素的患病率分别为36.2%,6.5%,36.9%,35.4%和36.3%。83.0%,47.2%和17.5%的中老年人分别具有≥1、≥2和≥3种心血管疾病危险因素聚集。男性≥1、≥2和≥3种心血管疾病危险因素聚集危险分别是女性的3.4、4.3和5.4倍。结论北京城乡结合部中老年人群主要心血管疾病危险因素及其聚集暴露率较高,有必要采取禁烟、健康饮食和增加体力活动等人群干预措施。 相似文献
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目的 观察尼尔雌醇对老年高血压妇女心血管疾病危险因素的影响。方法 选择41例已接受降压治疗的老年高血压妇女,随机分为尼尔雌醇组(A组)与安慰剂组(B组),分别予以尼尔雌醇(2mg,每半月1次)或安慰剂(2片,每半月1次)治疗共6个月,采用自动生化分析法、免疫浊度法或酶联免疫吸附双抗体夹心法(ELISA法)分别于0、6个月末测定患者的血糖、血脂、纤维蛋白原(Fbg)、组织纤溶酶原激活剂(tPA)、纤溶酶原激活剂抑制物(PAI-1)、血管性血友病因子(vWF)、可溶性细胞间粘附分子(sICAM-1)及E-选择素(E-selectin)。结果 尼尔雌醇组较安慰剂组总胆固醇(TC)、Fbg、tPA、PAI-1、vWF、sICAM-1、E-selectin均明显降低,差异有统计学意义;甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)降低以及高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)升高,但差异无显著性。结论 尼尔雌醇对老年高血压妇女脂质代谢、内皮功能、纤溶凝血和炎症相关蛋白的表达具有明显改善作用,对血压、血糖无不良影响。 相似文献
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Alev Keser Pelin Bilgiç Muhittin Tayfur Işil ŞImşek 《Ecology of food and nutrition》2015,54(4):328-341
This study was performed to determine the status of diet as a risk factor of cardiovascular heart disease in a group of Turkish elderly people. We performed a cross-sectional study using the data of voluntary participants aged between 65–74 years old. Participants completed 3-day diet records. Of participants, 64.1% of the men and 62.2% of the women reported their daily dietary fat intake as being > 30% of total energy (p > .05). More than 20% of these elderly respondents’ daily intakes of vitamin E, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, and folate were found to be under the recommended values. As a result, the total fat intake of these elderly people was found to be high; while their intake of fiber and vitamin B6, vitamin B12 were found to be low, compared to American Heart Association recommendations. In conclusion, it is recommended that developing sufficient and balanced diets may decrease cardiovascular risk factors. 相似文献
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目的对上海市闸北区60岁及以上居民的日常生活活动功能进行评估,并分析其危险因素,为改善辖区内老年人生活质量提供依据。方法采用随机整群抽样方法并按5%比例从闸北区常住人口中抽取,在此人群中选取60岁及以上的对象进行研究。采用计算相对数、χ2检验以及非条件Logistic回归进行分析。结果 11338名60岁及以上的居民中,平均年龄为73.31岁,男性占46.7%,女性占53.3%。82.2%的人ADL评分等级完全正常,17.8%的人为功能下降或功能有明显障碍。被筛选为慢性病组的人占49.6%,非慢性病组的人占50.4%。慢性病组和非慢性病组在评分等级和行走、洗澡、穿衣等10个单项的评分情况上均有统计学差异,且各单项的"功能依赖"程度随年龄增长的趋势较为明显。多因素分析最终筛选出影响ADL评分结果的因素为慢性病史、文化程度和年龄。结论应开展积极有效的社区老年人健康促进活动并建立老年护理保障计划,以提高老年人生活质量。 相似文献
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目的 探讨健康成年女性人群体力活动和膳食与心血管疾病危险因素之间多因素综合相关关系。方法 通过标准化的体力活动问卷(MOSPA)和膳食调查方法评价女性日常体力活动和膳食营养素摄入状况,并测量其心血管疾病危险因素水平(包括体质指数、血压、机体氧化应激水平、胰岛素敏感性和血脂水平),采用典型相关分析的统计方法探讨女性体力活动和膳食与心血管疾病危险因素之间的关系。结果 体力活动、膳食与心血管疾病危险因素之间的相关关系主要表现为:膳食总能量和抗氧化物的摄入与机体抗氧化状态之间,以及体力活动能耗与血脂之间的关系。结论 体力活动、膳食与心血管疾病危险因素之间有较密切的相关关系。 相似文献
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目的对老年人群的心血管疾病危险因素及心血管疾病相关行为模式进行社区医疗调查,为进行有效社区医疗干预提供科学基础。方法抽血检测112名52~80岁无心血管疾病史的社区医疗对象的血清中甘油三酯、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C及LDL-C);测量其体重、身高、腰围、血压;并采用体脂测量仪测量其身体脂肪含量,从社区医疗记录获得糖尿病史,用调查问卷了解其饮食习惯和相关行为模式。用Excel整理资料,应用SPSS11.5软件统计分析。结果老年人对心血管疾病知识有待提高(对高血压相关知识知晓率为50%左右;对糖尿病和高血脂有关知识知晓率为17%和16.1%)普遍存在在不良生活习惯(超重口味偏咸多肉少蔬果的老人有50%左右;吸烟或被动吸烟占43.8%)。结论就医意识不足、体重超重、高血压、脉压增大和糖尿病等是老年人心血管发病的危险因素。有必要针对心血管发病危险因素及心血管疾病相关行为模式,进行健康教育,提倡良好膳食习惯,增加运动等综合社区医疗干预措施。 相似文献
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摘要:目的研究中老年人高同型半胱氨酸血症(hyperhomocysteinmia,HHcy)的危险因素,为人群干预提供依据。方法以天津市5个社区及2所老年公寓55岁及以上的中老年志愿者698人为研究对象,进行问卷调查、膳食调查和血清同型半胱氨酸检测;分析HHcy组和非高同型半胱氨酸血症(N—HHcv)组中老年人生活方式、膳食叶酸和VitB。摄入量的差异。结果533人完成了全程研究。总人群HHcy患病率随年龄增长而升高(P〈0.001),男性(57.0%)高于女性(35.7%),P〈0.001。与男性不吸烟者比较,男性吸烟者HHcy患病率(x2=0.047,P=0.828)、血清tHcy水平(t=-1.020,P=0.310)的差异无统计学意义。服用叶酸、VitB6、VitB12者的血清tHcy平均浓度(15.2μmol/L)明显低于不服用者(16.9μmol/L),HHcy患病率(39.7%)低于不服用者(46.2%),P〈0.05。HHcy组中老年人平均每日膳食叶酸、VitB。摄入量(207.9μg/d,0.37ms/d)均低于N—HHcy组(295.4μg/d,0.53ms/d),P〈0.05。膳食叶酸、VitB6的摄入量均与血清tHcy水平呈负相关,相关系数分别为-0.439(P=-0.000)和-0.390(P=-0.000)。结论吸烟与HHcy患病率和tHcy水平无关。日常服用叶酸、VitB6和VitB12或富含上述维生素的膳食有助于保持较低的tHcy水平。 相似文献