基于积分肌电值的磨牙症实时监测系统研究

目的：设计一种基于积分肌电值的磨牙症实时监测系统，为夜间磨牙症患者的磨牙监测和量化评估提供可能。方法：该系统由信号采集、信号处理、磨牙症监测等模块组成。信号采集模块主要由MyoWare肌电传感器、电极、Arduino单片机等组成，完成积分肌电信号的采集；信号处理模块采用中值滤波方法消除基线漂移，再采用基于拉依达准则的自适应阈值积分肌电包络检测算法实现磨牙包络检测，然后运用数据统计提取磨牙状态的阈值特征参数；磨牙症监测模块通过设计开发的实时监测软件实现各类磨牙指标统计以及磨牙状态监测。选取3名有过磨牙经历并清楚其磨牙方式的志愿者进行磨牙症监测功能模拟实验，验证磨牙肌电包络检测准确率和磨牙监测指标统计功能。结果：实验结果表明磨牙包络检测总体准确率为98.3%，且3名志愿者的磨牙状态指标监测结果与模拟预设情况一致。结论：该系统具有可穿戴性好、实时性高、磨牙包络检测准确率高、指标参数丰富等优点，可实现夜间磨牙监测，为磨牙症诊断提供了参考。     

实时细胞动态监测的流感病毒株耐药性研究

目的:了解实时细胞动态监测(RTCA)系统,由细胞病变导致金电极板电阻抗变化的研究;评价磷酸奥司他韦对上海地区不同亚型流感流行株体外抗病毒效果。方法:随机选取2009年-2010年上海地区流感不同亚型流行株,采用实时细胞动态监测(RTCA)系统和传统倒置显微镜观察细胞CPE方法,检测磷酸奥司他韦的抗病毒效果。结果:实时细胞动态监测(RTCA)系统通过病变细胞引起电极板的电阻抗变化的观察,结果连续、实时、客观、可信;磷酸奥司他韦对研究中选取的14株上海地区不同亚型流感流行株有抑制病毒感染细胞的效果。结论:实时细胞动态监测系统比较于传统观察CPE方法,获取的实验信息实时、客观、敏感,但是实验费用昂贵。磷酸奥司他韦(达菲)对上海地区不同亚型流感病毒具有较好的体外抗病毒效果。     

睡眠医学监测的新模式

提出的睡眠监测新模式包括如下内容：①具有自主知识产权的无干扰睡眠监测系统研制[1]；②长时间连续动态监测方法研究；③个体化的动态评价标准。新模式经过两年的应用，初步建立了飞行员个人睡眠质量评价标准和睡眠呼吸障碍的评价标准。通过与临床现有的标准方法相对照，证明其结果可靠，操作简便，对受检者无干扰等优点。     

糖尿病病人动态血糖监测系统在临床应用中的护理分析

目的：分析临床应用动态血糖监测系统检测糖尿病患者的护理措施。方法：选择本院2014年10月～2015年10月期间收治的糖尿病患者67例，均应用动态血糖监测系统，并在应用期间给予患者护理干预，观察监测期间异常血糖发生情况，于监测第1d、监测最后1d时测量患者早餐前、午餐前、晚餐前及睡前的血糖水平。结果：67例患者中，发生异常血糖29例，发生率为43.3%。监测最后1d时各时段血糖水平均低于监测第1d时，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：临床应用动态血糖监测系统监测糖尿病患者血糖水平时，应给予患者全面的护理，有效控制患者血糖水平，提高依从性，提升其生活质量。     

基于容积补偿法的手腕式血压连续检测系统

介绍了开发的基于容积补偿法的手腕式无创性血压连续检测系统,并对系统的检测性能和精度进行了试验评价．系统以手腕处的桡动脉为检测部位,采用了局部加压式袖带和新型电空变换器。为了检测和评价系统的性能和精度,与有创性血压连续检测装置（直接法）进行了对比试验。试验结果表明．本系统与有创性血压连续检测装置同时测得的结果,无论受测试对象是在安静状态还是在运动负荷状态,都有很好的一致性。由此证明．本系统以桡动脉为检测部位的无创性血压连续检测是可行的。     

血液体外循环治疗系统中的血浆泄漏监测

介绍了血液体外循环治疗系统的技术特征及工作原理。在血浆紫外吸收光谱的实验基础上，开发出与体外血液循环治疗系统配套的血浆泄漏动态监测装置。系统采用虚拟仪器技术，在实现LabVIEW驱动普通数据采集卡并在此基础上进行系统软件设计。对血浆浓度连续变化的废弃液监测实验和同一血浆浓度废弃液的连续监测实验表明：此系统具有较高的灵敏度及良好的稳定性。结论表明基于紫外吸收光谱的血浆泄漏监测系统用于体外血液循环治疗仪治疗过程中的血浆泄漏监测是完全可靠的。     

动态精密体温监测系统开发与研制

动态精密体温监测系统（APBTM）通过便携式连续温度监测装置连续对人体体温进行监测和记录，该系统可以为临床工作和人体科学研究提供高时间分辨率、高精度的温度数据。对动态精密体温监测系统温度监测单元设计的原理和方法进行讨论。     

老年2型糖尿病患者应用动态血糖监测系统的护理体会

目的探讨老年2型糖尿病患者动态血糖监测系统的临床应用及护理对策。方法对45例使用动态血糖监测系统的病例进行回顾性分析。结果有4例发生黎明现象，占8．9％；2例每天发生无症状低血糖，占4．4％；3例发生有症状低血糖，占6．7％；26例有餐后2小时高血糖，占57．8％。结论通过正确使用动态血糖监测系统，护理人员对动态血糖监测系统熟练的操作与全方位的护理，45例老年患者顺利完成该项检查。医生通过血糖图，观察血糖波动的规律，发现那些无自觉症状的反复低血糖发作、黎明现象和高血糖的峰值，并制定相应的治疗方案，提高了糖尿病患者的遵医行为，对调整糖尿病的治疗过程起到指导性的作用。     

湄公河流域疾病监测网络综合监测经验及启示

介绍了湄公河流域疾病监测网络的管理机制、核心战略、数据管理及实施效果。指出要提高我国疾病预防控制系统综合监测水平，应在以下方面努力:探索建立跨境公共卫生综合监测网络和协调共享模式；建立跨区域公共卫生综合监测网络和数据共享机制；加强数据评估，提高综合监测数据质量和及时性；建立综合监测系统第三方评价机制；开发公共卫生人力资源；加强流行病学能力建设等     

病区医学信号连续动态监测系统研制

目的:研发一种以病区为单位的低负荷连续实时患者基本生理参数监测系统。方法:以患者为中心,以低负荷基本生命体征长时间连续检测为基础,以病区为基本单元,实现网络化全病区所有患者的连续、动态监测和设备控制。结果:床垫以及床旁盒构成数字化病床的基础,床旁同步网络和床间TCP/IP网络构成病区基础网络系统,中央信号实时监测和回顾分析系统为医护人员提供数据分析手段。结论:提出了一种全病区医学信号连续动态监控系统方案,实现了睡眠呼吸诊疗病区系统软硬件,并在医院应用中取得了良好效果。     

卫生技术车辆电气系统设计中的新技术应用

分析卫生技术车辆电气系统的特点和发展趋势的基础上，提出了电气系统设计的几个关键技术问题．并着重论述了新技术在新一代卫生技术车辆电气系统设计中的应用，指出采用新技术设计的卫生技术车辆电气系统，车辆的总体性能得到了一定程度的提高。     

呼气末CO2分压监测的临床应用及相关设备研究进展

阐述了CO2的生理过程及呼气末CO2分压[pET(CO2)]监测的临床应用现状,简要介绍了CO2体积分数测量原理和CO2的采样方法,详细介绍了pET(CO2)监测相关医疗设备在检测精度提高、多功能化、小型化及适配组件方面的研究进展.分析了现有技术及设备存在的不足,指出了未来pET(CO2)监测相关设备的研发应当结合材料...     

3种方法测量牙齿根管工作长度准确性的比较研究

目的：探讨指感法、X光数字化成像法、电测法测量根管工作长度的准确性。方法：选取拟行根管治疗的恒前牙病例共600颗患牙,按照随机数字表法将其分为感法组207颗、X光数字化成像法组202颗和电测法组191颗,分别使用指感法、X光数字化成像法、电测法进行根管工作长度测量,并以此长度根管预备后试尖判断准确性。结果：电测法的准确率90.58%明显高于指感法的58.46%和X光数字化成像法的71.78%,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,而X光数字化成像法的准确率明显高于指感法,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：Raypex5测量仪是一种操作方便、准确率高的根管工作长度测量仪,X光数字化成像系统作为辅助应用于根管治疗中。     

现阶段全自动生化分析仪计量方法的问题与改进

目的:判别现阶段JJG464-1996《生化分析仪检定规程》是否适用于全自动生化分析仪计量检定的要求。方法:以HITACHI 7080型全自动生化分析仪为例,分别使用普通方法和改进方法对其吸光度准确度一项进行计量检测。结果:改进方法的检测结果准确度高于普通方法。结论:使用普通检测方法对全自动生化分析仪的计量检测存在不可避免的误差,导致计量结果的不合格。     

Low-cost, email-based system for self blood pressure monitoring at home

We have developed a low-cost monitoring system, which allows subjects to send blood pressure (BP) data obtained at home to health-care professionals by email. The system consists of a wrist BP monitor and a personal computer (PC) with an Internet connection. The wrist BP monitor includes an advanced positioning sensor to verify that the wrist is placed properly at heart level. Subjects at home can self-measure their BP every day, automatically transfer the BP data to their PC each week, and then send a comma-separated values (CSV) file to their health-care professional by email. In a feasibility study, 10 subjects used the system for a mean period of 207 days (SD 149). The mean percent achievement of measurement in the 10 subjects was 84% (SD 12). There was a seasonal variation in systolic and diastolic BP, which was inversely correlated with temperature. Eight of the 10 subjects evaluated the system favourably. The results of the present study demonstrate the feasibility of our email-based system for self-monitoring of blood pressure. Its low cost means that it may have widespread application in future home telecare studies.     

A hardware-software system for monitoring the characteristics of the cardiac conduction system

A new hardware-software system for monitoring and treatment of the cardiac conduction system abnormalities is described. The system can also be used to test non-X-ray devices for detection and imaging of endocardial electrodes. The system uses a reliable position measurement method based on biplane fluoroscopy. The system consists of standard units for electrophysiological examination of the heart. The system can operate using a preset model stored in the system database or a model constructed from X-ray imaging data. The preset mathematical model provides fast detection of the abnormal excitation site and effective electrode navigation based on the iteration procedure. On the other hand, the constructed model is more specific: it provides an opportunity to reconstruct the excitation front and store the electrode and site positions.     

Diagnostic and therapeutic significance of automatic circadian monitoring in hypertension

A noninvasive, fully automatic blood pressure monitoring system has been developed to make the measurement of blood pressure more reliable and to help individualizing anti-hypertensive therapy. The authors draw attention to the importance of the circadian blood pressure variability and the "white coat hypertension" phenomenon. The error due to overlooking the changes in circadian blood pressure and to the "white coat" effect could be avoided with automatic blood pressure monitoring. Their system consists of two subunits: the Nippon Colin (BP 203 MII) blood pressure monitor, which has been fitted to the Commodore 64 computer by their own interface and data transfer program. Data analyzing and graphic displaying programs have also been developed by them. The diagnostic and therapeutic importance of blood pressure monitoring are demonstrated with representative cases of patients with essential, renoparenchymal and renovascular hypertension. The perspectives of this method in clinical pharmacology are also illustrated and discussed.     

动态光谱法无创检测人体血液胆固醇的探讨

目的：分析动态光谱法用于人体血液胆固醇含量无创检测的应用意义。方法：选取2013年10月-2014年1月本院96名健康体检者作为研究对象,对其进行在体测量动态光谱和抽血分析胆固醇含量,之后选用BP神经网络对获取的动态光谱数据和胆固醇含量实测值进行建模分析。结果：从96个体检样本中抽取81个作为校正集,另外15个作为预测集,得到校正集和预测集的相关系数分别为98.8%和95.65%,预测集的绝对误差最小为0.39%,最大为25.33%,平均相对误差为13.49%。结论：动态光谱法对胆固醇含量进行测量是一种精确性很高的无创检测分析方法,值得临床上推广。     

Modern approaches to blood pressure measurement

BACKGROUND—Blood pressure (BP) is usually measured by conventional sphygmomanometry. Although apparently simple, this procedure is fraught with many potential sources of error. This review focuses on two alternative techniques of BP measurement: ambulatory monitoring and self measurement.
REVIEW—BP values obtained by ambulatory monitoring or self measurement are characterised by high reproducibility, are not subject to digit preference or observer bias, and minimise the transient rise of the blood pressure in response to the surroundings of the clinic or the presence of the observer, the so called white coat effect. For ambulatory monitoring, the upper limits of systolic/diastolic normotension in adults include 130/80 mm Hg for the 24 hour BP and 135/85 and 120/70 mm Hg for the daytime BP and night time BP, respectively. For the the self measured BP these thresholds include 135/85 mm Hg. Automated BP measurement is most useful to identify patients with white coat hypertension. Whether or not white coat hypertension predisposes to sustained hypertension remains debated. However, outcome is better correlated with the ambulatory BP than with the conventional BP. In patients with white coat hypertension, antihypertensive drugs lower the BP in the clinic, but not the ambulatory BP, and also do not improve prognosis. Ambulatory BP monitoring is also better than conventional BP measurement in assessing the effects of treatment. Ambulatory BP monitoring is necessary to diagnose nocturnal hypertension and is especially indicated in patients with borderline hypertension, elderly patients, pregnant women, patients with treatment resistant hypertension, and also in patients with symptoms suggestive of hypotension.
CONCLUSIONS—The newer techniques of BP measurement are now well established in clinical research, for diagnosis in clinical practice, and will increasingly make their appearance in occupational and environmental medicine.


Keywords: ambulatory blood pressure; self measurement; white coat hypertension     

应用示波法计算血压方法的改进与实现

介绍了示波法的原理,分析了影响示波法测量血压精度的因素及对得到的脉搏波进行预处理的方法。并用流程 图阐述了用示波法求血压的一种改进方法,运用此改进方法分别对血压模拟仪和对人体进行了测试,测试结果分别和 血压模拟仪的标准值和柯氏音法进行比较,得到了比较满意的结果,血压的测量精度和重复性得到了很大的提高。