尺动脉腕上皮支下行支筋膜皮瓣的应用

目的 探讨尺动脉腕上皮支下行支筋膜皮瓣修复手部尺侧软组织缺损的临床意义.方法 对10例手部尺侧软组织缺损的患者,应用尺动脉腕上皮支下行支筋膜皮瓣进行修复.皮瓣切取面积为2.5 cm×1.5 cm～ 4.5 cm× 2.0 cm.结果 术后10例皮瓣全部存活,随访6～ 18个月,皮瓣色泽、质地恢复满意.供区创面均Ⅰ期愈合,无明显功能障碍,外观瘢痕不明显.结论 与其他传统带蒂或游离皮瓣相比,尺动脉腕上皮支下行支筋膜皮瓣是一种较理想的修复方法.     

游离尺动脉腕上皮支上行支皮瓣和下行支皮瓣的选择性应用

目的介绍游离尺动脉腕上皮支上行支皮瓣和下行支皮瓣的选择性应用。方法在13例手指皮肤缺损患者中，6例采用下行支、7例采用上行支为血管蒂的游离皮瓣进行修复。结果术后12例皮瓣成活，1例皮瓣远端部分坏死，经植皮后成活。随访6—18月，皮瓣质地、外形及功能满意。结论临床治疗应根据手部皮肤缺损的长度，选择性采用尺动脉腕上皮支上行支皮瓣或下行支皮瓣进行修复。     

游离尺动脉腕上皮支下行支皮瓣修复手指创面的应用研究

目的 研究游离尺动脉腕上皮支下行支皮瓣修复手指创面的手术方法 ,观察其临床应用效果.方法 2001年3月至2006年12月,对75例(79指)手指软组织缺损患者,采用以尺动脉腕上皮支下行支为血管蒂的游离皮瓣进行修复,其中59例(62指)采用急诊或延迟手术修复,16例(17指)采用择期手术修复.临床应用过程中观察血管是否存在变异情况.结果 术后75例(79指)皮瓣全部成活,1例皮瓣远端部分坏死,经植皮后愈合.术中发现尺动脉腕上皮支存在三种不同类型的变异,包括皮支发出位置、皮支数目、非尺动脉发出皮支三种,经过相应的手术措施,血管变异的皮瓣全部成活.所有皮瓣术后随访6～24个月,平均14个月,皮瓣质地、外形满意.重建感觉者,两点分辨觉为6～11 mm;未行感觉神经修复者,半年后皮瓣均恢复保护性感觉.手指功能恢复满意.结论 应用尺动脉腕上皮支下行支皮瓣修复手指创面,血管解剖较恒定,操作简便,术后皮瓣外形、皮肤质地及功能均较满意,可以重建感觉功能,值得临床推广应用.     

游离尺动脉腕上皮支皮瓣修复指背热压伤的临床应用

目的 报道游离尺动脉腕上皮支皮瓣修复指背热压伤的临床应用及疗效.方法 对11例指背皮肤热压伤,应用游离尺动脉腕上皮支皮瓣修复创面,术中将尺动脉腕上支与指固有动脉吻合.结果 11例皮瓣全部成活,术后随访3～6个月,皮瓣质地、外观良好,两点辨别觉7～11mm,患指功能好.结论 应用游离尺动脉腕上皮支皮瓣修复指背皮肤热压伤创面,血管解剖位置相对恒定,操作简单,术后皮瓣外形、质地满意,全手外形好.     

应用尺动脉腕上皮支下行支供血的尺背侧筋膜皮瓣修复手指创面

目的 介绍游离尺动脉腕上皮支下行支供血的尺背侧皮瓣移植修复手指创面的临床应用.方法 对15例手指创面的患者,采用游离尺动脉腕上皮支下行支供血的尺背侧皮瓣移植修复.结果 15例皮瓣全部成活,2例术后12h内出现动脉危象,肌注罂粟碱及镇静、止痛后缓解;3例术后皮瓣出现张力性水疱.术后随访12～26个月,皮瓣血运、质地良好,外形满意,恢复部分浅感觉.结论 应用尺动脉腕上皮支下行支供血的尺背侧皮瓣游离移植修复手指创面,切取方便,供区隐蔽并损伤小,外形和功能恢复良好,值得临床推广应用.     

尺动脉腕上皮支上下行支为蒂的前臂逆行岛状皮瓣修复手部缺损

目的介绍一种修复手部创面的皮瓣设计。方法尺动脉腕上皮支下行支与腕背动脉弓交通,形成尺动脉腕上皮支上下行支为蒂的前臂逆行岛状皮瓣修复手部缺损。结果2000年4月～2003年10月于临床应用8例,其中修复手背和指背创面3例、手掌创面2例、第1指间隙创面3例。所有皮瓣均成活,伤口一期愈合,外形满意。结论该皮瓣血管蒂长、供区隐蔽,为手部深度创面修复提供了一种新的方法     

选择性应用游离尺动脉腕上皮支皮瓣修复手指皮肤缺损

以尺动脉腕上皮支为蒂的前臂尺侧皮瓣移位修复手部皮肤缺损,在国内首先由张高孟等[1]报告.随后,以其为供血动脉的游离皮瓣移植修复手部皮肤缺损的临床应用口益增多[2,3].但对如何选择性应用尺动脉腕上皮支上行支皮瓣和下行支皮瓣的研究较少.2004年2月至2007年8月,我们根据上、下行支的解剖关系以及手指皮肤缺损面积的大小,分别采用游离尺动脉腕上皮支上行支皮瓣和下行支皮瓣对12例手指皮肤缺损患者创面进行移植修复,获得了满意的效果,现报告如下.     

尺动脉腕上皮支及下行支筋膜皮瓣修复手部创面的临床应用

目的探讨带尺动脉腕上皮支及下行支的筋膜皮瓣修复手部创面的临床疗效。方法对24例手部皮肤软组织缺损患者采用带尺动脉腕上皮支及下行支的筋膜皮瓣逆行转移修复;其中手掌尺侧缺损创面6例,手背尺侧3例,环指掌侧5例,小指掌侧4例,环指背侧3例,小指背侧3例;急诊一期手术19例,手部瘢痕挛缩二期手术修复5例。结果24例皮瓣全部成活。患者均获得随访,时间3～36（12±3）个月,修复后的皮瓣质地、外形满意,无色素沉着,13例修复感觉神经者两点分辨觉为6～9mm;5例瘢痕挛缩者手部屈曲挛缩解除,手指主被动活动度得到明显改善。结论应用带尺动脉腕上皮支及下行支的筋膜蒂皮瓣修复手部缺损创面解剖较恒定,操作简便,成活率高,值得临床推广。     

游离尺动脉腕上皮支下行支皮瓣修复手指创面

尺动脉腕上皮支皮瓣修复创面首先由张高孟等报道，但利用带尺神经背侧支的尺动脉腕上皮支下行支的游离皮瓣修复手指创面的报道较少，我院自2002年开始采用此皮瓣修复手指创面19例，全部成活，效果良好。     

游离尺动脉腕上皮支皮瓣修复手指创面

目的探讨尺动脉腕上皮支皮瓣修复手指创面的手术方法及效果。方法对11例手指皮肤软组织缺损合并肌腱或骨外露者,采用游离尺动脉腕上皮支皮瓣进行修复。其中8例面积为2．5cm×1．0cm-5．2cm×2．2cm的皮瓣．在腕上皮支下行支轴线上切取：3例面积为5．5cm×3．0cm×6．2cm×3．8cm的皮瓣,在腕上皮支下行支及上行支轴线上切取。皮瓣切取后,8例下行支皮瓣内腕上皮支主干均直接与受区指动脉吻合,3例合并有上行支的皮瓣均移植了前臂静脉与受区的指动脉吻合,皮瓣内的皮下静脉或伴行静脉分别与近端指掌侧或指背侧2-3根静脉吻合,将皮瓣内携带的1条尺神经手背支与指固有神经接合。结果术后11例皮瓣全部成活．并获得4～17个月随访。皮肤弹性、色泽、质地良好,外形满意。两点辨别觉9-12mm。结论游离尺动脉腕上皮支皮瓣供区隐蔽,血管穿支位置恒定,不损伤主干血管,供区损伤小,切取简单。修复手指缺损外观满意,可携带神经恢复皮瓣感觉,是修复手指创面的一种理想选择。     

游离尺动脉腕上皮支上行支皮瓣修复手指软组织缺损

目的 探讨应用游离尺动脉腕上皮支上行支皮瓣修复手指软组织缺损的方法和效果.方法 2007年12月至2008年6月,应用游离尺动脉腕上皮支上行支皮瓣修复手指软组织缺损9例,皮瓣切取面积为4 cm ×2cm～7 cm×3 cm,2例带有部分尺侧腕屈肌腱,9例均以尺动脉腕上皮支上行支为血管蒂,血管全部采用端端吻合.结果 9例皮瓣全部存活,术后随访6～12个月,皮瓣外观及弹性良好,感觉恢复达S_3级以上.结论 尺动脉腕上皮支上行支血管解剖恒定,皮瓣厚薄适中,操作简便,是修复手指中小面积软组织缺损的较好方法.     

游离尺动脉腕上穿支皮瓣修复手指软组织缺损的临床应用

目的：探讨游离尺动脉腕上穿支皮瓣修复手指软组织缺损的方法及临床效果。方法 ：2010年2月至2012年12月,应用游离尺动脉腕上穿支皮瓣修复手指软组织缺损16例,男10例,女6例;年龄18-52岁,平均38.2岁。热压伤5例,机器挤压伤8例,鞭炮炸伤3例。缺损面积：1.3 cm×2.3 cm-2.6 cm×5.0 cm。皮瓣切取面积：1.5 cm×2.5 cm-2.8 cm×5.2 cm。观察皮瓣外形及两点分辨觉。结果：术后皮瓣全部存活,伤口均Ⅰ期愈合,供受区没有并发伤口感染及皮肤坏死。前臂供区直接缝合11例,游离植皮5例。所有病例获随访,时间6-24个月,平均10.8个月,皮瓣外观不臃肿,质地色泽接近受区,皮瓣感觉恢复良好,两点分辨觉为6-9 mm。供区外形较好,无明显功能障碍,伴轻度瘢痕形成。结论：游离尺动脉腕上穿支皮瓣具有血管解剖恒定、厚薄适中、带感觉神经等优点,是修复手指软组织缺损的有效方法。     

Ulnar artery distal cutaneous descending branch as free flap in hand reconstruction

These authors aimed to evaluate the method and therapeutic effects of surgical hand-wound repair using free vascularised flaps based on the descending ramus of the above-wrist cutaneous branch of the ulnar artery. We retrospectively reviewed records of 75 patients with 79 finger defects who had received hand surgery between January 2001 and December 2007. Soft-tissue defects of the hand were repaired using free flaps with the descending ramus of the above-wrist cutaneous branch of the ulnar artery as the vascular pedicle. Intra-operative and postoperative variations in vascular anatomy were observed and surgical outcomes were compared. All flaps were vascularised and survived, including one in which the distal end showed partial necrosis that healed after skin grafting. Three anatomical variations of the ulnar artery branch were observed intra-operatively, requiring appropriate adaptation of the surgical method. All patients were followed postoperatively for 6–24 months. The texture and appearance of all the flaps were satisfactory (two-point discrimination: 6–11 mm) with satisfactory recovery of finger function. The outcomes of surgical hand-wound repair using free vascularised flaps based on the descending branch of the ulnar artery were successful. The operative method was simple, and the method appears to be worthy of clinical application.     

Preliminary report: the distally pedicled dorsoulnar forearm flap for hand reconstruction.

In this paper, a new flap for the coverage of soft tissue defects in the hand is described. To obtain a distally pedicled dorsoulnar flap, the dissection of the standard dorsoulnar flap is continued distally under the descending branch of the dorsal branch of the ulnar artery onto the dorsum of the wrist after the dorsal branch of the ulnar artery is ligated and divided. Our modification of the standard dorsoulnar flap converts this flap to a distally based flap, which provides a potentially longer pedicle and increases the arc of rotation of the flap. Two successful cases are reported.     

Clinical study of dorsal ulnar artery flap in hand reconstruction

Soft tissue defects of hand with exposed tendons, joints, nerves and bone represent a challenge to plastic surgeons. Such defects necessitate early flap coverage to protect underlying vital structures, preserve hand functions and to allow for early rehabilitation. Becker and Gilbert described flap based on the dorsal branch of the ulnar artery for defects around the wrist. We evaluated the use of a dorsal ulnar artery island flap in patients with soft tissue defects of hand. Twelve patients of soft tissue defects of hand underwent dorsal ulnar artery island flap between August 2006 and May 2008. In 10 male and 2 female patients this flap was used to reconstruct defects of the palm, dorsum of hand and first web space. Ten flaps survived completely. Marginal necrosis occurred in two flaps. In one patient suturing was required after debridement and in other patient wound healed by secondary intention. The final outcome was satisfactory. Donor areas which were skin grafted, healed with acceptable cosmetic results. The dorsal ulnar artery island flap is convenient, reliable, and easy to manage and is a single-stage technique for reconstructing soft tissue defects of the palm, dorsum of hand and first web space. Donor site morbidity is minimal, either closed primarily or covered with split thickness skin graft.     

拇趾甲皮瓣及尺动脉腕上皮支下行支皮瓣瓦合并髂骨植骨再造拇指末节缺损

目的探讨拇趾甲皮瓣及尺动脉腕上皮支下行支皮瓣瓦合并髂骨植骨再造拇指末节缺损的临床疗效。方法对7例拇指末节缺损患者分别采用吻合血管拇趾甲皮瓣修复拇指背侧皮肤及指甲缺损、尺动脉腕上皮支下行支皮瓣修复拇指末节掌侧皮肤缺损、末节指骨缺损取髂骨移植。拇趾甲皮瓣供区采用游离植皮5例,同侧第2趾胫侧方皮瓣顺行覆盖2例;尺动脉腕上皮支下行支皮瓣供区均直接缝合。结果 7例拇趾甲皮瓣及尺动脉腕上皮支下行支皮瓣均顺利成活,伤口一期愈合。其中1例拇趾甲皮瓣供区植皮出现部分坏死,经换药后愈合。末节植骨愈合时间为8~11周,平均10周。去除内固定物后行规律功能锻炼。所有患者获随访6~15个月,平均8个月,移植组织成活及拇指指甲生长良好,指腹皮瓣两点辨别觉为8~10 mm(平均9 mm);足部供区皮瓣及植皮无破溃,足部功能未受影响。结论采用拇趾甲皮瓣及尺动脉腕上皮支下行支皮瓣瓦合并髂骨植骨再造拇指末节能较好地恢复拇指外形及功能,是一种较好的临床治疗方法。     

七种轴型血管蒂皮瓣修复手部软组织缺损

目的探讨和总结应用轴型皮瓣修复手部软组织缺损的临床疗效。方法根据手部软组织缺损的不N情况分别采用尺动脉腕上支皮瓣、骨间背动脉逆行岛状皮瓣、前臂皮神经逆行岛状皮瓣、指背筋膜岛状皮瓣、掌背动脉岛状皮瓣、指动脉岛状皮瓣、髂腹股沟皮瓣7种方法进行修复。结果临床应用75例,静脉回流障碍6例,局部血运不良部分坏死3例,经处理皮瓣均成活。随访3～36个月,皮瓣质地、感觉好,手功能恢复满意。结论7种轴型血管蒂皮瓣修复手部软组织缺损疗效满意。