88例胫骨平台骨折临床治疗探讨

目的：探讨胫骨平台骨折的治疗方法及临床疗效。方法：通过对88例胫骨平台骨折的治疗进行回顾性分析,并参照Merchant评分标准进行综合评估。结果：按照Merchant评分标准：优58例,良14例,可8例,差3例。结论：胫骨平台骨折,根据骨折的分类特点,选择及时正确的治疗方法,并结合适时早期的功能锻炼,均可获得满意的疗效。     

手术治疗胫骨平台骨折60例临床观察

目的：探讨合并膝关节复杂损伤的胫骨平台骨折的手术治疗效果。方法对近年来收治的60例合并膝关节复杂损伤的胫骨平台骨折手术治疗病例进行分析。结果随访3～42个月,根据Rasmussen 膝关节功能评价标准来评价疗效,优42例,良12例,中4例,差2例,优良率89.7％。结论对合并膝关节复杂损伤的胫骨平台骨折,早期手术治疗,选择有效的治疗方案,坚强内固定,以确保早期功能锻炼,疗效满意。     

AO解剖钢板治疗严重胫骨平台骨折

目的 探讨应用AO解剖钢板治疗严重胫骨平台骨折的临床疗效.方法 对45例严重胫骨平台骨折的治疗情况进行回顾性分析.全部患者均采用AO解剖钢板内固定,同时根据伤情进行植骨,处理合并的半月板、副韧带和血管损伤;并采用HSS膝关节功能评分系统评估术后膝关节功能.结果 本组患者随访40例.骨折愈合时间为3～5个月;术后1年膝关节功能评定:优21例,良12例,可5例,差2例,优良率为82.5%.结论 采用AO解剖钢板治疗严重胫骨平台骨折,既能实现关节面的解剖复位,又能早期功能锻炼,可获得较为满意的治疗效果.     

胫骨平台骨折32例手术治疗分析

目的总结胫骨平台骨折类型、手术方式和疗效。方法回顾性分析我科2008年6月—2009年6月收治的胫骨平台骨折32例的诊断与治疗方法,并对疗效进行评估。结果 32例均获随访11～24个月,平均1.5年。全部骨性愈合。疗效按Merchant评分:优23例、良6例、可3例,优良率90.6%。结论手术是治疗胫骨平台骨折的有效方法,需根据骨折类型选择合适的手术治疗方案。满意的疗效取决于解剖复位、骨缺损植骨、稳定的内固定和早期功能锻炼。     

胫骨远端骨折石膏外固定治疗疗效分析

目的：评价胫骨远端骨折石膏外固定的疗效,总结石膏外固定治疗胫骨远端骨折的临床经验,以提高业务能力。方法将36例胫骨远端骨折患者行手法复位、石膏夹板外固定治疗,同时给予常规支持治疗、抗感染、功能锻炼、康复训练等治疗。结果36例胫骨远端骨折患者随访证实,27例疗效达到优,3例良,4例可,2例效果较差。结论石膏外固定治疗胫骨远端骨折,不仅可以有效固定,而且有利于伤口的处理和愈合,是一种治疗胫骨远端骨折比较好的治疗方法。     

手术治疗胫骨平台骨折的临床分析

目的:探讨手术治疗胫骨平台骨折的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析2008-01～2011-06在院治疗的30例胫骨平台骨折患者的临床资料。结果:30例获得随访,随访时间12～36个月,平均18个月。所有患者均达到骨性愈合。根据改良Hohl膝关节功能评分评估疗效,优21例,良7例,可1例,差1例,优良率90.3%。结论:手术是治疗胫骨平台骨折的有效方法。关节面的解剖复位,坚强内固定固定,最大限度地保护软组织,合理的功能锻炼是减少并发症的重要因素。     

解剖型锁定钢板治疗胫骨平台骨折32例

目的：探讨解剖型锁定钢板治疗胫骨平台骨折的体会。方法：针对2006～2009年在本院治疗的32例胫骨平台骨折治疗资料分析。结果：本组32例随访6～24个月,综合评价优21例,良8例,可2例,差1例,优良率90.5%。结论：胫骨平台骨折,经解剖复位,应用解剖型锁定钢板牢固内固定治疗,早期功能锻炼是获得满意效果的关键。     

胫骨Pilon骨折30例手术治疗效果分析

目的探讨胫骨Pilon骨折治疗方法及效果。方法采用不同的方法进行治疗,观察治疗效果。结果Ⅰ型,优5例;Ⅱ型,优8例,良3例;Ⅲ型,优6例,良3例,差5例。骨折临床愈合时间10~16周,并发延迟愈合2例。结论正确把握手术时机、选择适宜固定方式以及手术技巧、早期活动对于Pilon骨折的治疗结果非常重要。     

同侧胫骨平台伴胫骨干骨折28例临床分析

该文回顾分析了2016年7月-2018年12月收治的同侧胫骨平台伴胫骨干骨折28例的临床资料,均采用髓内钉附加胫骨平台钢板或拉力螺钉治疗,平均随访13.4个月,所有骨折均获得骨性愈合,功能良好.术后6个月膝关节功能Lysholm评分评定为优20例、良8例,优良率100％.提示,髓内钉结合胫骨平台钢板或拉力螺钉可有效固定...     

手术治疗陈旧性胫骨平台骨折的临床体会

回顾分析16例陈旧性胫骨平台骨折,给予手术治疗,骨折均愈合。优7例,良6例,可3例,优良率81.25%。     

补体受体1型的结构功能及sCR1基因克隆表达的策略

补体受体1型（Complement receptor type 1,CR1）具有外源性及内源性活性,既可灭活组装于非自身细胞膜上的C3/C5转化酶,也可灭活自身细胞膜上形成的C3/C5转化酶。CR1是唯一既对经典,替代及植物凝集素（MBL）3个补体激活途径的,对C3/C5转化酶拥有衰变加速活性,又有辅助1因子裂解C3b和C4b作用的补体调节蛋白。对补体分子的过度活化具有抑制和调节作用,在防治补体介导的缺血再灌注损伤以及异种器官移植超急性排斥反应等疾病具有广阔的应用前景。本文主要综述CR1的结构功能及生物学活性,sCR1基因的克隆与表达及在创伤、缺血再灌注损伤中的应用研究现状。     

Possibilities and limitations of radiology--CT and MRT in cases of tumors of the uterus and ovary

The author describes the present possibilities of computed tomography (CT) and of magnetic resonance (MR) tomography. MR is superior to CT in the visualisation of carcinomas of the cervix and endometrium, especially in the initial stages, whereas in the diagnosis of the spread of tumours (especially the advanced ones) CT yields results similar to those of MR. In carcinoma of the ovary, however, MR has so far not proved to be definitely superior to CT despite the multiplanar visualisation possibilities it offers. It is in fact inferior to CT especially in clarifying the extent of extrapelvic spread. In posttherapeutic diagnostics MR explores new avenues in respect of delineation between scar and recurrence, as initial investigations have shown.     

闭合性喉气管断裂伤的诊断与治疗

目的 提高对闭合性喉气管断裂伤的诊治水平.方法 报告38例闭合性喉气管断裂伤病例的临床资料,其中急性外伤16例,陈旧性外伤22例.对临床易发生的问题进行分析.结果 38例中16例急性喉外伤在24～48小时之间行手术治疗,22例陈旧性喉外伤因其它原因在32～129天后行手术治疗.35例手术成功拔管,3例因喉气管狭窄手术失败不能拔管,均为陈旧期手术患者.结论 对于急性闭合性喉气管断裂伤应根据其病情轻重程度进行早期处理,尽快恢复喉和气管通气功能,预防后遗症及并发症的发生,提高治愈率.     

Science and medicine of canoeing and kayaking

Canoeing and kayaking are upper-body sports that make varying demands on the body, depending on the type of contest and the distance covered. The shorter events (500 m) are primarily anaerobic (2 minutes of exercise), calling for powerful shoulder muscles with a high proportion of fast-twitch fibres. In contrast, 10,000 m events call for aerobic work to be performed by the arms. Such contestants need a high proportion of slow-twitch fibres, and an ability to develop close to 100% of their leg maximum oxygen intake when paddling. In slalom and whitewater contests, the value of physiological testing is somewhat limited, since performance is strongly influenced by experience and the ability to make precisely judged rapid paddling efforts under considerable emotional stress. Paddlers face dangers from their hostile cold water environment; causes of fatalities (drowning, cardiac arrest, ventricular fibrillation and hypothermia) are briefly reviewed. Medical problems include provision of adequate nutrition and a clean water supply, effects of repeated immersion (softening of the skin, blistering, paronychial infections, sinusitis, otitis), varicose veins (secondary to thoracic fixation) and hazards of exposure to fibreglass and polystyrene in the home workshop. Surgical problems include muscle sprains and mechanical injuries (haemotomas, lacerations, contusions, concussion, and fractures).     

Accuracy of digital and film panoramic radiographs for assessment of position and morphology of mandibular third molars and prevalence of dental anomalies and pathologies

OBJECTIVES: To compare the accuracy of digital and film panoramic radiographs for determining (1) the position and morphology of mandibular third molars before surgical removal and (2) the prevalence of dental anomalies and pathologies. METHODS: Three hundred and eighty-eight third mandibular molars were available for examination. Position and morphology of third molars observed on film radiographs and on digital panoramic images from five systems (DenOptix, DigiDent, Digora, Dimax2 and Orthophos Plus) were recorded by two observers and were compared with surgeons' findings at the time of the operation (gold standard). One observer further recorded the prevalence of dental anomalies and pathologies on both imaging modalities. RESULTS: Few differences were found between the digital and film-based panoramic systems in the assessment of accuracy of position and morphology of mandibular third molars. The prevalence of dental anomalies and pathologies determined with the two modalities was roughly similar. CONCLUSION: The five digital panoramic systems evaluated in this study were equally as useful for third molar treatment planning and diagnosis of dental anomalies and pathologies as conventional film-based panoramic radiographs.     

快餐消费者的消费行为心理及对营养的认知调查

 目的 调查分析快餐消费者对快餐的营养认知、消费行为和消费心理情况,引导消费者正确处理快餐与日常正餐的关系。方法 采用随机抽样的方法,选择北京地区中、西式快餐各3个品牌,每个品牌选择4家分店,采用入店访问式现场调查方法,数据处理采用频数分析法。结果 共调查1722名,问卷合格率98.6%,选择中西式快餐的人群多为20～39岁者(68%),大多数消费者因为“口味喜欢”(66.4%)而选择快餐,且优选“优惠套餐”(48.2%),为了“省事方便”(64.3%)。消费快餐的频率多数是每月就餐1～2次(35.1%),多数优选“西式快餐店的中式食品”(60.3%),对中西式快餐店中的健康宣传语 “偶尔看看”(55.9%),但多数认为起到了“警示和营养宣教的作用”(64.1%)。大多数消费者认为,媒体对西式快餐的报道未影响他们对西式快餐的正常消费(44.9%);但中式快餐的负面报道却影响了消费者的正常消费(43.9%),理由多数是“影响健康”(37.9%)。快餐消费人群中体型正常者居多,但40岁以上者超重百分比大于20～39岁者。结论 中西式快餐消费人群为20～39岁者,消费频率不高,多数因为“口味喜欢”而选择中式或西式快餐,基本不存在对中式或西式快餐食品安全误解的问题,对快餐店的营养健康宣传语持赞同态度,但如何处理快餐与正常餐的搭配问题,存在误区。