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1.
Mitchell J. Rauh Michelle Barrack Jeanne F. Nichols 《International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy》2014,9(7):948-958
Purpose/Background:
During the 2013‐14 school year, over 763,000 female athletes participated in interscholastic running sports in the United States. Recent studies have indicated associations between the female athlete triad (Triad) and stress fracture or other musculoskeletal injuries in elite or collegiate female running populations. Little is known about these relationships in an adolescent interscholastic running population. The purpose of this study was to determine the associations between Triad and risk of lower extremity musculoskeletal injury among adolescent runners.Methods:
Eighty‐nine female athletes competing in interscholastic cross‐country and track in southern California were followed, prospectively. The runners were monitored throughout their respective sport season for lower extremity musculoskeletal injuries. Data collected included daily injury reports, Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE‐Q) that assessed disordered eating attitudes/behaviors, a questionnaire on menstrual history and demographic characteristics, a dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry scan that measured whole‐body bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition (lean tissue and fat mass), and anthropometric measurements.Results:
Thirty‐eight runners (42.7%) incurred at least one lower extremity musculoskeletal injury. In the BMD Z‐score ≤ ‐1 standard deviation (SD) adjusted model, low BMD relative to age (BMD Z‐score of ≤ ‐1SD) was significantly associated (Odds Ratio [OR]=4.6, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.5‐13.3) with an increased occurrence of musculoskeletal injury during the interscholastic sport season. In the BMD Z‐score ≤ ‐2 SDs adjusted model, a history of oligo/amenorrhea was significantly associated (OR=4.1, 95% CI: 1.2‐13.5) with increased musculoskeletal injury occurrence.Conclusion:
Oligo/amenorrhea and low BMD were associated with musculoskeletal injuries among the female interscholastic cross‐country and track runners.Clinical Relevance:
Regular, close monitoring of adolescent female runners during seasonal and off‐season training may be warranted, so that potential problems can be recognized and addressed promptly in order to minimize the risk of running injury.Level Of Evidence:
2 相似文献2.
Renata Nakata Teixeira Adriana Lunardi Ronaldo Aparecido da Silva Alexandre Dias Lopes Celso R. F. Carvalho 《International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy》2016,11(1):126-131
Background
Musculoskeletal pain can be an important sign of overuse injury in elite athletes. However, its prevalence and whether it is associated with aspects of training in marathon runners who compete at the elite level is still not clear.Purpose
The purpose of this research was to assess the prevalence, location and intensity of running-related musculoskeletal pain over the previous 12 months in marathon runners who compete at the elite level and to verify whether certain training characteristics are associated with musculoskeletal pain.Design
Cross sectional study.Methods
One hundred and ninety-nine elite marathon runners were verbally interviewed regarding their personal demographics, training routines, and the presence, location and intensity of musculoskeletal pain.Results
The prevalence of any running-related musculoskeletal pain in elite distance runners was 75%, and the most frequently reported location was the lower leg (19.1%). The presence of pain was independent of age, experience, and volume of training.Conclusions
Running-related musculoskeletal pain is highly prevalent in marathon runners who compete at the elite level.Clinical Relevance
Studies about prevalence and location of musculoskeletal pain and factors-related in this population are important to contribute to the development of educational and preventive strategies.Evidence Level
2 相似文献3.
Robert C. Manske Stephanie Lewis Steve Wolff Barbara Smith 《International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy》2015,10(6):858-867
Background
Shoulder pain is common in competitive young swimmers. A relationship between shoulder strength and shoulder soreness in competitive young swimmers may indicate need for strengthening.Purpose
To determine if a shoulder exercise program will improve shoulder strength and decrease pain in competitive young swimmers.Study Design
Randomized controlMethods
Participants (10 control, 11 experimental), randomly assigned to a control or experiment group, completed the 12 week program. Strength was measured prior to the study for shoulder flexion, abduction, external rotation, internal rotation, and extension on the dominant arm using handheld dynamometry. The experimental group was then assigned exercises to be performed three times per week. The control group was instructed not to perform the exercises. All participants were re‐tested at six and twelve weeks following initiation of the study.Results
The changes in strength for each muscle group and pain were compared between groups using a mixed design two‐way ANOVA. The experimental group significantly increased external rotation strength compared to the control group. Shoulder soreness was not significantly different between groups.Conclusion
Adolescents who perform shoulder strengthening significantly increased their external rotation strength compared to adolescents who only participated in a regular swimming regimen. 相似文献4.
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Jessica Fulton Kathryn Wright Margaret Kelly Britanee Zebrosky Matthew Zanis Corey Drvol Robert Butler 《International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy》2014,9(5):583-595
Background:
Active adults commonly present with lower extremity (LE) injuries from a variety of professional and amateur sports activities. Decreased LE function significantly alters daily life and subsequent injuries increase this impact. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the association between previous injury and the risk of re‐injury, and to describe the changes in kinematics and motor programming that may contribute to this relationship.Methods:
A preliminary search was conducted to determine the four most common LE injuries on PubMed, CINAHL and Web of Science. These injuries, in a healthy active adult population, were hamstring strain (HS), anterior cruciate ligament injury (ACL), achilles tendon pathology, and ankle sprain. After these injuries were established, the search for this systematic review found evidence relating these injuries to re‐injury. Articles related to degenerative changes were excluded. Twenty‐six articles were included in the systematic review detailing the risk of re‐injury from a previous injury and were graded for quality.Results:
ACL injury was linked to a successive injury of the same ACL, and other injuries in the LE. HS was associated with subsequent ipsilateral HS and knee injuries. Previous achilles tendon rupture increased the risk of an analogous injury on the contralateral side. An ankle sprain was associated with a re‐injury of either the ipsilateral or the contralateral ankle. Post‐injury changes were present in strength, proprioception, and kinematics, which may have led to overall changes in motor control and function.Conclusion:
This review provides insight into the changes occurring following common LE injuries, how these changes potentially affect risk for future injury, and address the needs of the active adult population in rehabilitation.Clinical Relevance:
Current research on previous injury and re‐injury is of high quality, but scarce quantity. Deficits following an injury are known, but how these deficits correlate or lead to re‐injury requires further exploration.Level of Evidence:
1 相似文献6.
Margaret Kedia Michael Williams Lisa Jain Marie Barron Nick Bird Brian Blackwell David R. Richardson Susan Ishikawa G. Andrew Murphy 《International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy》2014,9(4):488-497
Study Design:
Single‐blind, randomized, clinical trial.Background:
The effect of eccentric training for mid‐portion Achilles tendinopathy is well documented; however, its effect on insertional Achilles tendinopathy is inconclusive. The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of eccentric training on pain and function for individuals with insertional Achilles tendinopathy.Methods:
All patients received a 12‐week conventional strengthening protocol. Patients who were randomly assigned to the experimental group received additional eccentric exercises. Patients completed the Short Form‐36 Health and Bodily Pain Surveys, the Foot and Ankle Outcomes Questionnaire, and the Visual Analog Scale at initial evaluation, after 6 weeks of therapy, and at 12 weeks after therapy.Results:
Thirty‐six patients (20 control and 16 experimental; average age 54 years; 72% women) completed the study. Both groups experienced statistically significant decreases in pain and improvements in function. No statistically significant differences were noted between the groups for any of the outcome measures.Conclusion:
Conventional physical therapy consisting of gastrocnemius, soleus and hamstring stretches, ice massage on the Achilles tendon, and use of heel lifts and night splints with or without eccentric training is effective for treating insertional Achilles tendinopathy.Level of Evidence:
Level 2 相似文献7.
Hassan Shakeri Roshanak Keshavarz Amir Massoud Arab Ismaeil Ebrahimi 《International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy》2013,8(6):800-810
Background:
Kinesiological taping (KT) is commonly used to improve symptoms associated with musculoskeletal disorders. However, review of the literature revealed minimal evidence to support the use of KT in treatment of shoulder disorders and controversy exists regarding the effect of KT in patients with shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS).Objective:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of KT on pain intensity during movement, pain experienced during the night (nocturnal pain), and pain‐free shoulder range of motion (ROM) immediately after taping, after three days and after one week, in patients with SIS.Design:
Randomized, Double blinded, Placebo‐controlled design.Participants:
A total of 30 patients with SIS participated in this study. Patients were assigned randomly to a control (N = 15) and an experimental group (N = 15).Methods:
The patients in the experimental group received a standardized therapeutic KT. The standardized, placebo neutral KT was applied for control group. KT was applied two times with a three day interval, remaining on during the 3 day interval. Both groups followed the same procedures. Pain‐free active ROM during shoulder abduction, flexion, and elevation in the scapular plane was measured. Visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain intensity during movement or nocturnal pain and was assessed at baseline, immediately after KT, after three days, and one week after KT.Results:
The result of repeated measures ANOVA showed a significant change in pain level during movement, nocturnal pain, and pain‐free ROM (p = 0.000) after KT in the experimental group. In the ANCOVA, controlling for pre‐test scores, change in pain level at movement (p = 0.009) and nocturnal pain (p = 0.04) immediately after KT was significantly greater in the experimental group than in control group. There was no significant difference in ROM measures (p > 0.05) between groups immediately after KT. No significant differences were found between the two groups in the after one week measurements of pain intensity and shoulder ROM.Conclusion:
The KT produces an immediate improvement in the pain intensity at movement and nocturnal pain in patients with SIS.Level of Evidence:
1 相似文献8.
9.
Courtney Bohne Steven Z. George Giorgio Zeppieri Jr. 《International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy》2015,10(4):464-475
Background
Information on baseball injury prevention and pitch count recommendations is growing, however, the incidence of throwing injuries continues to rise. This study is the first to assess knowledge of safe throwing guidelines and risk factors from the perspective of youth athletes.Purpose
The purpose of this study is two‐fold: (1) to evaluate knowledge of safe throwing guidelines and (2) to assess the reporting of risk factors for throwing injuries in a sample of youth baseball players.Study Design
Survey study of 98 overhead athletes between the ages of 4 and 18.Methods
A 35‐question survey was developed with questions related to knowledge of injury prevention, presence of risk factors associated with throwing injuries, and understanding and compliance with USA Baseball Medical & Safety Advisory Committee (USA BMSAC) overhead throwing guidelines.Results
Respondents demonstrated variability in their knowledge of the USA BMSAC guidelines related to throwing frequencies. The 13‐16 year old age group displayed the least knowledge of USA BMSAC guidelines. The 9‐10 and 11‐12 year old age groups demonstrated the greatest knowledge of recommended BMSAC guidelines. Eighty‐five (82/98) percent of the respondents reported that they had never heard of the USA BMSAC guidelines. Sixty‐two percent (59/98) disagreed with the statement, “The more you throw, the more likely you are to get an injury”. Fifty‐seven percent of respondents (39/98) indicated that they would not seek medical help if they experienced a tired or sore arm during a game.Conclusion
The results of this study suggest that young baseball players demonstrate the need for education on the following topics: the USA Baseball Medical and Safety Advisory Committee throwing guidelines, risk factors for developing throwing‐related injuries, the long‐term implications of playing with an injured or fatigued arm, and the benefit of seeking medical help when fatigue or soreness is experienced in the throwing arm.Level of Evidence
Level 3 相似文献10.
Iván Chulvi‐Medrano Esteban Martínez‐Ballester Laura Masiá‐Tortosa 《International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy》2012,7(6):586-594
Background and Purpose:
Recently, the trend among physical training and rehabilitation professionals is the use of resistance exercise on unstable equipment in order to increase the effort of the agonist and stabilizing muscles. It is unknown if performing exercises on unstable surfaces provides a greater training stimulus as compared to training on a stable training surface. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to compare the effect that push‐up training on stable and unstable surfaces had on strength performance in healthy young men.Methods:
Thirty subjects with experience in resistance training participated in push‐up training two days per week for eight weeks on one of three different surfaces: the floor (Tp), the T‐Bow® (TBp) or the BOSU® (Bp).Results:
Strength, as measured by one repetition maximum (1‐RM) and muscle endurance, as measured by number of pushups performed did not improve significantly (p>0.05) for any of the intervention groups.Conclusions:
The addition of unstable surfaces in push‐up training does not provide greater improvement in muscular strength and endurance than push up training performed on a stable surface in young men.Levels of Evidence:
3b 相似文献11.
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Background:
Clinical assessment of lower limb kinematics during dynamic tasks may identify individuals who demonstrate abnormal movement patterns that may lead to etiology of exacerbation of knee conditions such as patellofemoral joint (PFJt) pain.Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability, validity and associated measurement error of a clinically appropriate two‐dimensional (2‐D) procedure of quantifying frontal plane knee alignment during single limb squats.Methods:
Nine female and nine male recreationally active subjects with no history of PFJt pain had frontal plane limb alignment assessed using three‐dimensional (3‐D) motion analysis and digital video cameras (2‐D analysis) while performing single limb squats. The association between 2‐D and 3‐D measures was quantified using Pearson''s product correlation coefficients. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were determined for within‐ and between‐session reliability of 2‐D data and standard error of measurement (SEM) was used to establish measurement error.Results:
Frontal plane limb alignment assessed with 2‐D analysis demonstrated good correlation compared with 3‐D methods (r = 0.64 to 0.78, p < 0.001). Within‐session (0.86) and between‐session ICCs (0.74) demonstrated good reliability for 2‐D measures and SEM scores ranged from 2° to 4°.Conclusion:
2‐D measures have good consistency and may provide a valid measure of lower limb alignment when compared to existing 3‐D methods.Clinical Relevance:
Assessment of lower limb kinematics using 2‐D methods may be an accurate and clinically useful alternative to 3‐D motion analysis when identifying individuals who demonstrate abnormal movement patterns associated with PFJt pain.Level of Evidence:
2b 相似文献16.
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Lace E. Luedke Bryan C. Heiderscheit D.S. Blaise Williams Mitchell J. Rauh 《International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy》2015,10(6):868-876
Background
High school cross country runners have a high incidence of overuse injuries, particularly to the knee and shin. As lower extremity strength is modifiable, identification of strength attributes that contribute to anterior knee pain (AKP) and shin injuries may influence prevention and management of these injuries.Purpose
To determine if a relationship existed between isometric hip abductor, knee extensor and flexor strength and the incidence of AKP and shin injury in high school cross country runners.Materials/Methods
Sixty‐eight high school cross country runners (47 girls, 21 boys) participated in the study. Isometric strength tests of hip abductors, knee extensors and flexors were performed with a handheld dynamometer. Runners were prospectively followed during the 2014 interscholastic cross country season for occurrences of AKP and shin injury. Bivariate logistic regression was used to examine risk relationships between strength values and occurrence of AKP and shin injury.Results
During the season, three (4.4%) runners experienced AKP and 13 (19.1%) runners incurred a shin injury. Runners in the tertiles indicating weakest hip abductor (chi‐square = 6.140; p=0.046), knee extensor (chi‐square = 6.562; p=0.038), and knee flexor (chi‐square = 6.140; p=0.046) muscle strength had a significantly higher incidence of AKP. Hip and knee muscle strength was not significantly associated with shin injury.Conclusions
High school cross country runners with weaker hip abductor, knee extensor and flexor muscle strength had a higher incidence of AKP. Increasing hip and knee muscle strength may reduce the likelihood of AKP in high school cross country runners.Level of Evidence
2b 相似文献18.
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