大蒜素聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯纳米粒的制备工艺研究

目的：研制大蒜素聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯纳米粒并对处方与制备工艺进行优化筛选。方法：以生物降解型聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯为载体材料，采用乳化聚合法制备大蒜素聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯纳米粒；以载药量、包封率、形态和粒径分布为评价指标，通过单因素试验考查、均匀设计法优化制备工艺。结果：按优化处方与制各工艺条件，制得纳米粒球形圆整、分散良好，算术平均粒径为113．4nm，粒径分布范围为11．7—146．8nm，载药量为18．57％，包封率为92．87％。结论：经优化筛选出的工艺是大蒜素聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯纳米粒的最佳制备工艺。     

氧化苦参碱聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯毫微粒制备工艺研究

目的 优化氧化苦参碱聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯毫微粒（OM-PBCA-NP）的处方和制备工艺。方法 以粒径、包封率和载药量为综合评价指标，通过单因素试验初选、均匀设计法精选，优化处方和制备工艺；以高效液相色谱法测定毫微粒中氧化苦参碱的含量。结果 确定了最佳制备工艺为三步法，最佳处方为：氧化苦参碱50mg，聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯0．1ml，普流罗尼克F68200mg，右旋糖苷．70100mg，焦亚硫酸钠40mg；制得的氧化苦参碱毫微粒平均粒径为144．2nm，粒子圆整，载药量为17．8％，包封率为82．6％。结论 优化筛选后的处方工艺，为氧化苦参碱聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯毫微粒的最佳制备工艺。     

聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯纳米粒载福莫司汀的制备工艺

目的优化工艺制备福莫司汀聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯纳米粒（FCNU-PBCA—NP）。方法以α-氰基丙烯酸正丁酯（BCA）为载体,采用乳化聚合法制备FCNU-PBCA—NP,并加以聚乙二醇20000（PEG20000）进行表面修饰,通过考察粒径和包封率两个指标,在单因素实验初选的基础上,正交设计法优化处方和制备工艺。结果制备FCNU-PBCA—NP的优化条件为BCA单体体积分数0．8％（V/V）、FCNU20mg、PEG20000浓度2．0％,按优化条件所制备的FCNU-PBCA-NP的粒径为（124．6±5．2）nm,多分散系数（PDI）范围为0．07—0．16,包封率（64．12±2．36）％,载药量（7．28±0．76）％。结论通过优化处方和制备工艺,采用乳化聚合法可制备出FCNU—PBCA—NP,对拓展FCNU临床给药新剂型提供一定的参考。     

苦参碱聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯纳米粒冻干粉针剂的制备及体外释放

采用乳化聚合法制备苦参碱聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯纳米粒,以包封率为考察指标,均匀设计优化处方与工艺.所得纳米粒平均粒径为(157.4±22.4)nm,包封率为83.8%,载药量为9.4%,体外释药具有双相动力学特征.     

柔红霉素聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯毫微粒制备工艺的优化

用乳液聚合法制备柔红霉素聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯毫微粒,在单因素试验基础上,通过系统全面反馈动态技术优化,确定了处方和制备工艺。载药毫微粒平均粒径６０ｎｍ,分布范围３０～２２０ｎｍ,表观包封率９６．３６％,表观载药量５５．３３％（ｇ／ｇ）;有效包封率７４．１１％,有效载药量４２．２５％（ｇ／ｇ）。     

氧化苦参碱聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯毫微粒制备工艺研究

目的优化氧化苦参碱聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯毫微粒(OMPBCANP)的处方和制备工艺。方法以粒径、包封率和载药量为综合评价指标,通过单因素试验初选、均匀设计法精选,优化处方和制备工艺;以高效液相色谱法测定毫微粒中氧化苦参碱的含量。结果确定了最佳制备工艺为三步法,最佳处方为:氧化苦参碱50mg,聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯0.1ml,普流罗尼克F68200mg,右旋糖苷70100mg,焦亚硫酸钠40mg;制得的氧化苦参碱毫微粒平均粒径为144.2nm,粒子圆整,载药量为17.8%,包封率为82.6%。结论优化筛选后的处方工艺,为氧化苦参碱聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯毫微粒的最佳制备工艺。     

布洛芬聚氰基丙烯酸烷酯纳米粒的制备

目的制备布洛芬聚氰基丙烯酸烷酯纳米粒(IBU-PACA-NP)。方法采用乙醚界面缩聚法制备布洛芬聚氰基丙烯酸烷酯纳米粒;以包封率、载药量为指标,在单因素考察处方及工艺条件基础上,采用正交设计法L9(34)对处方进行优化。结果按优化处方制备的纳米粒平均粒径为166 nm,包封率为96.60%,载药量为17.83%,Zeta电位为-20.2 mV。结论乙醚界面缩聚法制备的布洛芬聚氰基丙烯酸烷酯纳米粒粒径小,包封率和载药量符合要求,可用于口服或注射给药。     

正交试验优选氧化苦参碱毫微粒的制备工艺

目的:优选氧化苦参碱毫微粒的制备工艺。方法:采用正交试验法,以包封率和载药量为评价指标,以氧化苦参碱的用量、聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯的用量、介质的pH值、混合时间为因素优选制备工艺。结果:最佳优化条件为160mg的氧化苦参碱及80mg的聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯在pH2.0的条件下混合3h,载药量为(16.90±0.25)%,包封率为(72.75±0.19)%。结论:优选处方和制备工艺稳定可行,可为开发氧化苦参碱的新剂型提供参考。     

万乃洛韦聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯毫微粒制备工艺的优选

以氰基丙烯酸正丁酯为载体，用乳化聚合法制备了万乃洛韦聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酸毫微粒，通过单因素试验法初选，均匀设计法精选，确定了较佳处方和制备工艺，按此条件制备的产品外观为白色胶体溶液，粒径１０５±３３ｍｍ，包封率８４．８５％，载药量１１．２０％．     

盐酸环丙沙星-聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯纳米溶胶的制备

目的:制备盐酸环丙沙星-聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯纳米溶胶,并对其处方因素进行考察。方法:以氰基丙烯酸正丁酯为载体材料,采用乳化聚合法制备盐酸环丙沙星-聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯纳米溶胶,以粒径、外观为主要指标,用单因素方法优化处方,得到二步法制备纳米溶胶的条件和工艺。结果:制备的纳米溶胶的平均粒径为(82.6±15)nm,包封率为61.9%,载药量为34.2%(g/g),平均Zeta电位为(-25.1±9.92)mV。结论:本实验制备的盐酸环丙沙星-聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯纳米溶胶的粒径小,分布窄,稳定性好。     

基于“药辅合一”的紫杉醇-薏苡仁油微乳的制备及含量测定

目的 采用以薏苡仁油替代微乳的油相制备紫杉醇-薏苡仁油微乳,筛选紫杉醇-薏苡仁油微乳制备的最佳处方,并进行紫杉醇含量测定的方法学考察。方法 选用不同的乳化剂和助乳化剂,采用水滴定法绘制出伪三元相图,筛选出最佳乳化剂和助乳化剂,通过观察成乳状态,并以包封率和载药量为指标,筛选出最佳处方制备得到紫杉醇-薏苡仁油微乳,并测定其zeta电位以及粒度分布。结果 紫杉醇-薏苡仁油微乳处方为紫杉醇10 mg,HS 15 600 mg,PEG400 200 mg,薏苡仁油200 mg,包封率为(98.9±1.26)%,载药量为(0.56±0.05)%,紫杉醇-薏苡仁油微乳粒径为(35.23±1.20) nm,zeta电位为(–2.93±0.69)mV。结论 本研究成功制备得到了紫杉醇-薏苡仁油微乳,所得微乳外观完整均一,粒径较小,包封率高,具有一定的药物缓释功能。     

新型抗肝损伤化合物XXH-32脂质体的制备及其药剂学性质研究

目的 制备新型抗肝损伤化合物XXH-32脂质体,并对其药剂学性质进行研究。方法 采用薄膜分散法制备脂质体,正交试验设计考察影响制备工艺的因素,用扫描电镜观察脂质体表面形态,对制备的XXH-32脂质体的粒径、载药量、包封率等性质及体外释放特性进行了研究。结果 XXH-32脂质体的最佳制备工艺稳定,脂质体形态圆整,粒径分布适宜。优化工艺制得的脂质体平均粒径为（175.2±2.55）nm,多分散系数为0.262±0.01,载药量为（2.60±0.12）%,包封率为（95.05±1.06）%,体外释放符合一级动力学方程,ln（100-Q）=-0.06t+4.79（R²=0.979 4）。结论 本实验获得了较理想的新型抗肝损伤化合物XXH-32脂质体,其体外释药特性符合缓释制剂特征。     

一种新型普鲁兰微球的制备及其释药性能研究

目的 构建一种白血病治疗药物甲氨蝶呤（MTX）的新载体,探讨其对MTX的负载效率及其缓释性。方法 采用动态光散射（DLS）和扫描电镜（SEM）对载体载药前后的粒径、电位及形貌进行表征,紫外分光光度法测定MTX的含量。结果 平均粒径大小为1098 nm,Zeta电位为0.835 mV,载药后分别为1324 nm、0.727 mV,载药后粒径略有增加。MTX的载药量和包封率分别未（13.44±2.13）%、（58.7±4.6）%。SEM显示,该载体载药前后均为球形结构,证明微球制备成功。体外释放研究表明,微球负载的药物释放明显减缓,游离药物在10 h内可完全释放,但此时微球中的药物释放量仅30.0%左右,72 h仅释放78.6%。结论 负载MTX的胆甾醇疏水改性普鲁兰（CHP）微球属于微米级,具有较高的载药量和明显的缓释性。     

星点设计-效应面法优化羟基喜树碱/mPEG-S-S-C18纳米粒的制备工艺

目的 制备载羟基喜树碱（hydroxycamptothecin,HCPT）还原响应mPEG-S-S-C18纳米粒,采用星点设计-效应面法筛选优化制备工艺。方法 采用乳化-溶剂挥发法制备HCPT/mPEG-S-S-C18纳米粒,应用单因素法考察投药量、水相/油相体积比、超声功率以及超声时间对载药纳米粒包封率和载药量的影响。在此基础上,以包封率和载药量作为评价指标,采用Design-Expert V8.0.6软件进行星点设计,优化载药纳米粒的制备工艺。结果 优化获得的HCPT/mPEG-S-S-C18纳米粒制备工艺投药量为1.0 mg,水相/油相体积比为4.56∶1,超声功率为562.5 W。该工艺制备的载药纳米粒包封率为（58.14±1.04）%,载药量为（3.46±0.22）%,平均粒径为（322.9±9.52） nm,多分散性指数为0.195±0.05,Zeta电位为（-17.5±2.11） mV。结论 乳化-溶剂挥发法适用于制备HCPT/mPEG-S-S-C18纳米粒,星点设计-效应面法可优化获得载药纳米粒的最佳制备工艺,所得的载药纳米粒包封率和载药量较高,所建立的数学模型预测性良好。     

Lymphatic transport of puerarin occurs after oral administration of different lipid-based formulations to unconscious lymph duct-cannulated rats

Abstract

This study investigated the potential of targeted intestinal lymphatic transport of puerarin via a lipid formulation approach. Three formulations of PEG nanoemulsion, nanosuspension and an oil suspension containing puerarin were examined with the lymph-cannulated anaesthetized rat model. Plasma and lymph samples were analyzed by HPLC. Lymph triglyceride was measured using an enzymatic colorimetric technique. After 8?h, the total administered dose accumulated in the thoracic lymph duct was analyze. Nanoemulsion, nanosuspension and oil suspension was 0.065?±?0.006%, 0.137?±?0.018%, 0.021?±?0.002% of the administered dose, respectively. In nanoemulsion, nanosuspension and oil suspension group, the systemic bioavailability of oral puerarin was 11%, 16% and 11% for lymph-cannulated rats, 41%, 67% and 18% for control rats. Absorption into the intestinal lymph should thus contribute to ～30%, 51% and 7% of the systemic bioavailable puerarin. This data indicated that lipid-based nano drug formulation produced higher lymph concentrations of puerarin than oil suspension. The nanosuspension formulation may be considerable in terms of increased local concentrations in lymphoid tissue.     

The effects of Puerarin on CYP2D6 and CYP1A2 activities <Emphasis Type="Italic">In vivo</Emphasis>

Ge-gen (Radix Puerariae) is used in traditional oriental medicine for various medicinal purposes. The drug is the root of a wild leguminous creeper, Pueraria lobata (Willd) Ohwi. It possesses a high content of avonoid derivatives, the most abundant of which is puerarin. Our goal was to find the effect of puerarin on cytochrome P450 enzymes in vivo. The study was conducted in 18 male volunteers of different genotypes (CYP2D6 *1/*1, *1/*10, *10/*10). Plasma was obtained at 6 h after oral administration and urine was collected from 0 to 8 h after probe drug administration. The logarithm value of metabolic rate decrease from −0.0055 ± 0.1887 to −0.1754 ± 0.2411 implied puerarin inhibited activity of CYP2D6. There was no significant relationship between the inhibition with the CYP2D6 genotypes. The paraxanthin/caffeine ratio in the plasma sample at 6th hour was increased by 30 ± 47% (p = 0.003), implied puerarin induced the activity of CYP1A2. While puerarin used together with the substrates of both enzymes, drug interaction worth the attention and at sometimes precautions are needed.     

Surface modified kokum butter lipid nanoparticles for the brain targeted delivery of nevirapine

Abstract

Aim: The present work investigates the efficacy of Polysorbate 80(P80) coated Kokum butter (KB) solid lipid nanoparticles (P80NvKLNs) for the brain targeted delivery of Nevirapine (Nv).

Methods: Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) were prepared by nanoprecipitation technique and evaluated for drug excipient compatibility studies, z- average particle size (nm), zeta potential (mv), percentage drug entrapment efficiency (%EE), surface morphology and in-vitro drug release properties. The in-vivo biodistribution and brain targeting efficiency of nanoparticles were studied in healthy male Wistar rat (150–200?g).

Results: P80NvKLNs were found to be smooth surfaced, spherical shaped having average particle size of 177.80?±?0.82?nm, zeta potential of ?8.91?±?4.36?mv and %EE of 31.32?±?0.42%. P80NvKLNs remained in blood circulation for 48?h maintaining a sustained release in brain for 24?h (p?<?0.05).

Conclusion: The study proves the efficacy of Polysorbate 80 coated Kokum butter nanoparticles for brain-targeted delivery of drugs providing ample opportunities for further study.     

Novel solidified reverse micellar solution-based mucoadhesive nano lipid gels encapsulating miconazole nitrate-loaded nanoparticles for improved treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis

Objective: To develop and evaluate solidified-reverse-micellar-solution (SRMS)-based oromucosal nano lipid gels for improved localised delivery of miconazole nitrate (MN).

Methods: Phospholipon^® 90G and Softisan^® 154 (3:7) were used to prepare SRMS by fusion. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs, 0.25–1.0% w/w MN) formulated with the SRMS by high shear homogenisation were employed to prepare mucoadhesive nano lipid gels. Physicochemical characterisation, drug release in simulated salivary fluid (SSF) (pH 6.8) and anti-candidal activity were carried out.

Results: The SLNs were spherical nanoparticles, had mean size of 133.8?±?6.4 to 393.2?±?14.5?nm, low polydispersity indices, good encapsulation efficiency (EE) (51.96?±?2.33–67.12?±?1.65%) and drug loading (DL) (19.05?±?2.44–24.93?±?1.98%). The nano lipid gels were stable, spreadable, pseudoplastic viscoelastic mucoadhesive systems that exhibited better prolonged release and anti-candidal properties than marketed formulation (Daktarin^® oral gel) (p?Conclusion: This study has shown that SRMS-based nano lipid gels could be employed to prolong localised oromucosal delivery of MN.     

叶酸修饰的粉防己碱壳聚糖纳米粒制备工艺的研究

目的:研究叶酸修饰的粉防己碱(tetrandrine, TET)壳聚糖纳米粒(TET/FA-CSO-NPs)的最佳制备工艺并进行质量评价。方法:以离子交联法制备TET/FA-CSO-NPs,通过单因素及正交试验优化处方组成并确定最佳制备工艺,通过形态观察、粒径、载药量及包封率的考察对其进行质量评价。以MTT法分别检测TET和TET/FA-CSO-NPs作用于人肝癌HepG2细胞的增殖抑制作用,并计算半数抑制浓度(IC₅₀)。结果:最佳制备工艺为叶酸-壳聚糖偶联物(FA-CSO)1.50 mg·mL^-1,TPP浓度2.50 mg·mL^-1,载药质量比为1∶1,制备的TET/FA-CSO-NPs粒径为(214.9±2.1) nm, Zeta电位为(35.2±1.3) mV,包封率为(89.49±1.21)%,载药量为(24.41±0.33)%,外观圆整、均匀。FA-CSO空白纳米粒的质量浓度达到800μg·mL^-1时细胞的存活率为(83.08±9.23)%,TET,TET/CSO-NPs和TET/FA-...     

正交试验法优选氟尿苷二乙酸酯固体脂质纳米粒制备工艺

目的:优选氟尿苷二乙酸酯固体脂质纳米粒(FUDRA-SLN)的工艺条件。方法:以大豆磷脂为载体,采用薄膜超声分散法制备FUDRA-SLN,以包封率、形态为考察指标,设计正交试验优选工艺条件。结果:按最优工艺条件制得的FUDRA-SLN均匀圆整,粒径为(215±83)nm,包封率为98·27%,载药量为8·20%。结论:选择优化的薄膜超声分散工艺制备FUDRA-SLN,包封率及载药量高,适合于实验室制备。