腹腔透析可治疗大鼠烧伤休克

用80℃水烫伤大鼠腰部以下身体30秒(约占体表面积35～40%),造成烧伤休克。查明早在休克代偿期血压下降以前,动物微循环和心电图就已发生紊乱,且随病程进展更加恶化。烧伤后5小时,平均动脉压下降一半左右,开始给动物用平衡克氏液腹腔透析。透析可使动物血压和心率回升,微血管口径和血液流态恢复。停滞的毛细血管开放,心电图也部份恢复正常。动物存活时间比对照组明显延长,从而证明烧伤后有某种可透析性毒性因子形成,它们可能参与烧伤休克的发生。     

不同透析膜对维持性血液透析血磷清除的比较研究

目的　了解不同种透析膜对维持性血液透析患者血磷的清除状况 .方法　维持性血液透析 (HD)患者分别使用血仿膜、聚砜膜、铜仿膜透析 ,比较透析前、透析 1小时、2小时、3小时、4小时的血磷浓度、血磷下降幅度、透出液中的磷 .结果　血仿膜透析组血磷浓度降幅较聚砜膜组、铜仿膜组大 (p <0 .0 5 ) . 3组血磷清除高峰出现在透析 1～ 2小时 ,其后血磷清除减少 ,透出液中磷于透析 2小时后减少 .结论　血仿膜较聚砜膜、铜仿膜清除血磷效果好 ,提高透析频率可以更有效地清除磷 ,而非延长透析时间     

地塞米松予治疗对失血性休克犬过氧化脂质、SOD影响及对肺的保护作用

杂种犬10只,随机分为失血性休克组(HS)和失血性休克地塞米松予治疗组(HSD)。放血至血压降至并维持于40—50mmHg。结果表明,ASD组血清过氧化脂质含量逐渐降低,失血后4.5小时测定值显著地低于HS组(P<0.05);SOD活力,HSD组逐渐增高,失血后2小时HSD组酶活力高于HS组(P<0.05)。HSD组SOD活力与血清过氧化脂质含量呈明显负相关(r=-0.795,P<0.01),HS组无相关。肺过氧化脂质含量HSD组低于HS组(P<0.05)。PaO_2,HSD组高于HS组(P<0.05)。HS组失血后3小时呈浅而快呼吸,光镜观察发现弥漫性肺不张,HSD组显著地较HS组轻。     

烧伤血浆毒性物质对豚鼠心肌线粒体功能的影响

本文采用豚鼠背部皮肤烧伤(35％TBSAⅢ度)模型,观察了豚鼠烧伤后8小时血浆毒性物质(BPS)对正常心肌线粒体的呼吸控制率、Ca~(2+)—ATP酶、Na~+/K~+—ATP酶活性及Mg~(2+)—ATP酶活性,脂质过氧化物(LPO)含量,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及维生素E(Vit.E)含量的影响,并与豚鼠烧伤后8小时心肌线粒体上述功能指标的变化相比较。结果发现,烧伤血浆毒性物质使心肌线粒体(1)呼吸控制率下降。且与BPS的作用浓度有明显依赖性;(2)Na~+/K~+—ATP酶及Ca~(2+)—ATP酶活性降低;(3)LPO含量升高、SOD活性降低及Vit,E含量降低,上述变化与烧伤后8小时心肌线粒体的变化一致。 上述结果提示:烧伤血浆毒性物质的作用可能是严重烧伤早期心脏功能抑制的重要原因之一,其作用可能与其抑制线粒体的呼吸功能有关,ATP酶活性降低又进一步影响线粒体的物质转运、膜内外的离子平衡、能量代谢及心肌细胞的电活动。同时,烧伤血浆毒性物质对心功能的抑制过程中有氧自由基反应参与。     

不同透析膜对维持性血液透析血磷清除的比较研究

目的了解不同种透析膜对维持性血液透析患者血磷的清除状况.方法维持性血液透析(HD)患者分别使用血仿膜、聚砜膜、铜仿膜透析,比较透析前、透析1小时、2小时、3小时、4小时的血磷浓度、血磷下降幅度、透出液中的磷.结果血仿膜透析组血磷浓度降幅较聚砜膜组、铜仿膜组大(p<0.05).3组血磷清除高峰出现在透析1～2小时,其后血磷清除减少,透出液中磷于透析2小时后减少.结论血仿膜较聚砜膜、铜仿膜清除血磷效果好,提高透析频率可以更有效地清除磷,而非延长透析时间.     

烧伤血浆中分子对豚鼠心肌线粒体脂质过氧化作用的影响

为了探讨烧伤中分子在其中的作用,我们比较了烧伤中分子 (BWWS)与正常中分子(NWWS)在低、中、高三种浓度分别对正常豚鼠心肌线粒体作用后的脂质过氧化作用的影响,同时与正常及烧伤豚鼠心肌线粒体的脂质过氧化作用相对照。结果发现:与正常对照相比,过氧化脂质(LPO)含量在BWWS作用后明显升高,在NWWS作用下,低浓度者无明显变化,而中、高浓度者也明显升高(分别为     

银杏提取物对冠心病患者脂质过氧化物作用的研究

目的探讨银杏提取物(GbE)"舒血宁片"治疗冠心病前后脂质过氧化物指标的变化.方法38例冠心病患者口服舒血宁片30 d,测定治疗前后血浆丙二醛(MDA)和异构前列腺素(8-表氧-PGF2a)含量.结果1.冠心病患者血浆中MDA、8-表氧-PGF2a含量明显高于正常值(P＜0.05、P＜0.01);2.治疗后血浆8-表氧-PGF2a含量明显降低(P＜0.01).结论冠心病患者体内的脂质过氧化反应在治疗后明显减低,GbE能有效抑制脂质过氧化物,测定血浆8-表氧-PGF2a优于血浆MDA的测定.     

川芎嗪抗实验性膜性肾炎脂质过氧化损伤的研究

本实验根据Border方法复制膜性肾小球肾炎模型。实验发现:实验性膜性肾小球肾炎的血浆和肾组织的脂质过氧化物(LPO)浓度显著升高,而全血和肾组织的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性明显降低,提示实验性膜性肾小球肾炎存在由活性氧所致的肾组织脂质过氧化损伤,其抗氧化能力降低。用川芎嗪进行治疗,减轻蛋白尿,改善肾功能,提高肾组织和血中SOD和GSH-Px活性,降低脂质过氧化物的含量,从而改善肾脏病变的程度。     

维生素C对实验性高原出血性休克的治疗作用

目的：探讨氧自由基在高原出血性休克发生的作用及大量维生素Ｃ的抗休克作用。方法：１６只山羊减压至模拟４０００ｍ高原２４ｈ，然后放血引起休克，将动物分为对照组和维生素Ｃ治疗组。结果：（１）失血期注入少量生理盐水后休克进一步加重；相反，注入维生素Ｃ后，心指数、左室收缩压、ｄｐ／ｄｔｍａｘ、氧运送量、氧耗量和ｐＨ明显增加，而脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）明显降低。（２）输血输液后，对照组仅短暂改善心血管功能，其后血压下降，动物存活时间仅７ｈ３８ｍｉｎ。而维生素Ｃ治疗组，较好保持心血管功能、ＬＰＯ含量正常，活存时间为２０ｈ９ｍｉｎ。结论：氧自由基可能在高原出血性休克发生中起着重要作用，维生素Ｃ有明显抗休克作用     

丹参对急性心肌缺血时脂质过氧化的影响

本实验以结扎家兔冠脉左室支造成在体急性心肌缺血模型,以硫代巴比妥酸荧光法测定心肌组织脂质过氧化物含量,探讨心肌脂质过氧化情况及其与心电图ST段改变的关系,并以丹参注射液为心肌保护因素,观察脂质过氧化物、心电图ST段的变化,探讨丹参对心肌的保护作用。实验结果表明:结扎冠脉左室支40分钟时,缺血区心肌脂质过氧化物含量比对照组增加2.4倍(P<0.01),缺血区脂质过氧化物含量与心电图ST段抬高程度呈正相关(r=0.822,P<0.025)。预先静脉注射丹参注射液,使缺血区心肌脂质过氧化物含量较缺血组缺血区降低47.9%(P<0.02).并使冠脉左室支结扎后2至5分钟的心电图ST段抬高程度降低44.8～47.0%(P<0.05)。     

Level of functioning of siblings and parents of probands of varying degrees of retardation

A further analysis of already published data supports the position that retardates of low ability level less frequently have retarded siblings, retarded parents, and parents low in occupational level than do retardates higher in ability level. The analysis supports the position that there are two types of retarded individuals, persons retarded as a result of gene or chromosomal anomalies, brain injury, etc., who more frequently occur in the lower-level retardate group, and persons whose retardation represents polygenic segregation, who more frequently occur in the higher-level group.     

局部注射辛伐他汀对骨质疏松大鼠股骨髁骨小梁的改建效应

背景：局部注射具有成骨作用的辛伐他汀,可显著增加骨质疏松大鼠股骨颈及股骨髁部的骨密度及力学强度,分析局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。 目的：进一步研究骨质疏松大鼠股骨内局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。为将辛伐他汀应用于临床骨质疏松局部治疗提供实验基础。 方法：18只雌性SD大鼠双侧卵巢切除后3个月,制备大鼠骨质疏松模型。实验大鼠随机数字表法均分为3组,分别在实验大鼠的右侧股骨髓腔内单次注射辛伐他汀溶液5 mg、10 mg,对照组单纯注射空白载体。分别在注射后1个月处死大鼠并取材。Micro-CT扫描并定量分析骨组织形态变化。 结果与结论：给药后1个月,Micro-CT扫描结果显示,辛伐他汀治疗组的骨微结构参数如骨皮质厚度、骨小梁密度及连接率明显优于对照组。说明疏松骨骼单次注射小剂量辛伐他汀可显著促进股骨髁部骨小梁改建,改善骨骼微结构,可为强化局部、防治骨质疏松骨折的新选择进一步提供实验基础。     

石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究

中药石斛早在《神农本草经》中就被列为上品,其应用历史悠久,具有养阴生津、补肾益气、润喉护嗓、活血明目、抗癌防老等功效。本文对国内外石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究进行了综述。     

膝关节骨性关节炎的关节镜治疗体会

目的我科自2001～2005年4月对59例67膝的骨性关节炎（0A），进行关节镜检查及镜下清理术。方法镜检：膝关节骨性关节炎伴不同程度滑膜炎，滑膜皱壁粘连纤维片，关节软骨不同程度破坏。镜下清除增生滑膜，松解粘连，去除剥脱软骨、修复关节面。结果随访2月～4年，平均1.5年，术后综合评估2月～1年，优良率94％；1～2年，优良率79.2％；2年以上优良率54.8％。结论关节镜对膝关节骨性关节炎诊断能提供了比较全面的资料，并对骨性关节炎早期有良好疗效，具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少和重复治疗等优点。     

Anatomical study of distribution of valves of the cutaneous veins of adult''s limbs

Since the cutaneous veins of the four limbs have been used as autogenous grafts in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders, knowledge of distribution of the valves is increasingly required depending upon the use. In the gross anatomical study of distribution of valves of the trunci venae, there has been argument about locational relationships between the venous roots and the valves in the vicinity of the roots and the inter-valvular distance. However, there have been only few reports discussing detailed information about valves of the cutaneous veins of the four limbs. The authors observed patterns of distribution of the cutaneous venous valves of the four limbs of cadavers prepared for practice in anatomy. The following parts were excised from each cadaver: the cephalic, basilic, and the great saphenous veins, which originate from the acral venous network and flow into the proximal deep veins, and the venous roots communicating with these veins. An incision was made on each excised vein in the direction of the long axis under observation with a stereoscopic microscope, and the inter-valvular distance and the distance between the valve and the orifice of venous root in the vicinity of the valve were measured. The inter-valvular distance varied with type of the truncus venae, and it varied according to area even in the same truncus venae.     

Pathways of the realization of immunomodulating effects of neurotransmitters

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 115, N ^o 4, pp. 401–404, April, 1993     

Characterization of sterols of three digenetic trematodes of buffalo

Sterols of three digenetic trematodes were isolated and characterized by infrared and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies, and gas-liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Sterols identified were cholesterol, cholestanol, 24-methylcholesterol, 24-methylcholestanol, 24-ethyl-22-dehydrocholesterol, 24-ethyl-22-dehydrocholestanol, 24-ethylcholesterol and 24-ethylcholestanol.     

Mechanisms of generation of slow components of bioelectric activity in diagnostics of functional state of the gastrointestinal tract

New electrophysiologic devices were used for the diagnostics of the state of excitable structures in the gastrointestinal tract and correction of their motor functions. Bioelectrical and biomechanical activities form the basis of functioning of internal organs. The mechanisms of generation of slow bioelectrical activity that are important for clinical and physiological studies are described. One of these mechanisms is a capacitance parametric transducer converting the energy of contractions into specific electric signals reflecting muscle functions. Another mechanism results from slow oscillations of resting potentials of interrelated excitable cells in large neuromuscular structures of internal organs. The elaborated procedure is efficient for preventing early postoperative paresis of the gastrointestinal tract. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 10, pp. 448–452, October, 1999     

胃小弯侧血管弓的MDCT解剖

目的：研究正常胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管的多排螺旋CT表现。方法：回顾性分析51例正常成人的上腹部CT资料,观察胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管的显示情况、血管弓形态及其与胃壁的关系。结果：51例均显示胃小弯侧血管弓,血管弓贲门部属支、胃体部属支和幽门部属支分别显示46例、15例和10例;血管弓与胃壁紧邻41例。结论：MDCT检查可良好显示正常胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管。     

Assessment of the efficacy of treatment of hemangiomas

Assessment of the aftereffects of cryoexposure and ultrahigh-frequency cryoexposure on hemangioma tissue of various types, cavernous and squamous, showed a higher cryogenic effect in hemangiomatous tissue preexposed to ultrahigh-frequency waves. A quantitative criterion is proposed for assessing the efficacy of the studied methods of exposure. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 6, pp. 669–672, June, 1995