调Q开关紫翠宝石激光治疗太田痣的疗效

目的探讨调Q开关紫翠宝石激光治疗太田痣的临床疗效。方法采用波长752nm的调Q—Alexandrite激光PhotoGenica HT10治疗1985例太田痣患者,并从年龄、治疗次数、间隔时间及不良反应等方面进行分析,比较疗效。结果1985例太田痣患者中显效率97．88％,总有效率100％;各年龄组均有良好效果,组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;多数患者（55．2％）需经4～5次治疗即可获较好疗效,极少数（0．8％）患者,需要治疗10次以上;治疗1～3次及6～10次达到较好效果的分别占18．2％和25．8％;2次治疗时间间隔4～6个月组与治疗间隔6个月组显效率高于不足3个月组,但治疗间隔4～6个月组与治疗间隔6个月组差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;仅少数病例（4．48％）出现色素减退、色素沉着及瘢痕等不良反应。结论752nm紫翠宝石激光治疗太田痣效果明显,安全性高,可视为是目前行之有效的较好方法之一。     

Treatment of persistent Mongolian spots with Q-switched alexandrite laser

Mongolian spots are congenital and confluent hyperpigmented areas that are usually grayish blue in color. They are found most frequently in the sacral region in infants and typically disappear during childhood. Occasionally, they persist to adulthood. We retrospectively examined outcomes of laser treatment of persistent Mongolian spots. We used Q-switched alexandrite laser to treat persistent Mongolian spots of 16 Japanese patients at 14?years old or older. A good therapeutic outcome was achieved overall; however, postinflammatory hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation were observed in two patients, respectively. While laser treatment was effective for all seven patients with extrasacral Mongolian spots, four out of ten patients with sacral Mongolian spots were refractory to treatment. Of these patients, two received laser irradiation only twice and abandoned treatment, simply because of unsatisfactory results without any adverse events. The other two patients received treatments at intervals of 3?months, which resulted in postinflammatory hyperpigmentation. Contrary to children, who generally show good response after two or three sessions of irradiation, we should consider more frequent irradiation, longer intervals between treatment sessions, and use of bleaching creams in the treatment of persistent sacral Mongolian spots in adults.     

Q开关Nd∶YAG激光治疗颧部褐青色痣350例疗效观察

目的 观察Q开关Nd：YAG激光治疗颧部褐青色痣的疗效及不良反应。方法 用波长为倍频532nm，光斑3．0mm，脉宽5～10ns，能量密度1.6～1.8J／cm^2，脉冲频率5～10Hz治疗350例,术后3～6个月复诊，根据术前照片判定疗效，标准分Ⅳ级。结果 治疗次数最少1次，最多5次，共治愈133例(38．0％)，平均治愈次数2．1次，总有效率82．0％，疗效与治疗次数成正相关。结论 Q开关Nd：YAG激光波长为倍频532nm对颧部褐青色痣有很好疗效，一般治疗2～4次可基本痊愈。术后除部分病例色素沉着外，未见不良反应及并发症。     

长脉冲翠绿宝石激光脱毛的临床疗效评价

目的探讨长脉冲翠绿宝石激光脱毛的临床疗效。方法使用翠绿宝石长脉冲激光（波长755nm，脉宽20ms。光斑直径10mm）对2240例患者进行脱毛治疗，治疗能量l5～25J／cm^2，两次治疗间隔1～4个月。结果不同部位脱毛疗效不尽相同，四肢、腋窝的疗效较好，1次治疗的脱毛率约30％，2次为50％，3次为70％，而唇部、腮部、乳晕及毛痣的脱毛率较低。所有患者均有不同程度的毛发延迟生长。治疗结束后48个月的随访结果表明，治疗结束6个月后毛发密度不再增加。结论长脉冲翠绿宝石激光脱毛疗效稳定，为永久性脱毛，且无副作用。     

Treatment of nevus of Ota with the Q-switched alexandrite laser.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Q-switched laser systems have been shown to be useful for removal of nevus of Ota, a pigmented lesion on the face. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Q-switched alexandrite laser in the treatment of nevus of Ota in 13 patients. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: A spot test was made at 6.0, 7.0, and 8.0 J/cm(2) energy fluence, and the best energy fluence was selected after a 2-month postoperative evaluation. Q-switched alexandrite laser with a mean fluence of 7.290.46 J/cm(2) was used at 8-week intervals. Total treatment ranged from 1 to 15 sessions (mean 7.1 +/- 5.1 sessions). The single shot technique was used. RESULTS: More than 75% lightening was achieved in seven patients, between 51% and 75% in three, less than 50% in one, and less than 25% in one. In two patients with excellent clearance, a very light gray macula in the lower eyelid persisted after 8 and 14 treatment sessions, respectively. Mild transient hypopigmentation that subsided spontaneously after 2 months was observed in one patient. No repigmentation was seen. CONCLUSIONS: The Q-switched alexandrite laser seems to be an effective and safe modality for the treatment of nevus of Ota.     

Thermal damage of blood vessels in a rat skin-flap window chamber using indocyanine green and a pulsed alexandrite laser: A feasibility study

The design criteria and feasibility of specifically targeting blood vessels for thermal damage by using a pulsed alexandrite infra-red laser to heat an intravascularly injected infra-redabsorbing dye, namely indocyanine green (ICG), is demonstrated. Theoretical calculations map the distribution of light and heat in and around the subcutaneous blood vessels in a rat skin-flap window chamber as functions of dye concentration, vessel size, and vessel depth. Theoretical calculations showed that an injected dose of 6–24 mgkg⁻¹ of ICG and a 120-μs, 1-J cm⁻² alexandrite laser pulse at a wavelength of 785 nm would be sufficient to achieve selective vascular damage to a depth of at least 0.15 cm. Feasibility experiments were performed which illustrated that an irradiation of 1.27 J cm⁻² of skin flaps in uninjected control rats showed no evidence of vascular damage while vascular damage was seen in skin flaps using an experimental protocol of 12 mg kg⁻¹ i.v. of ICG and an energy fluence of 0.76 J cm⁻². This procedure could conceivably prove useful in the treatment of vascular lesions or cancer.     

Versapulse多波长激光治疗太田痣460例

目的　观察分析多波长激光治疗太田痣的临床效果。方法　自 1998年 6月以来 ,应用多波长激光治疗4 6 0例太田痣患者 ,每次治疗间隔 4～ 6个月 ,根据患者不同的年龄、性别及太田痣颜色的深浅 ,选用不同的技术参数。结果　多波长激光治疗 3～ 6次后 ,4 5 0例患者治愈 ,8例患者显效 ,2例患者有效 ,总有效率为 10 0 %。治疗后有8例患者创面皮肤出现程度不等的继发性色素沉着 ,3～ 6个月自行消退 ,治疗后全部患者均无瘢痕形成。结论　多波长激光治疗太田痣其方法安全可靠 ,效果令人满意 ,值得推广     

Interspersion of fragmented fiber's splinters into tissue during pulsed alexandrite laser lithotripsy.

Laser induced shockwave lithotripsy (LISL) on artificially inserted human renal calculi was realized in explanted pig ureters. A pulse stretched Alexandrite solid state laser was used at 750nm. Pulses of 350ns and 1 microseconds duration were transmitted through a 250 microns all silica fiber onto a stone surface, keeping the fiber tip in contact with a stone close to the ureter wall. The high power density of the 350 ns pulses lead to an optical breakdown inside the distal fiber tip causing fiber fragmentation of about 28 mm/100 pulses. Deep penetration of the fiber fragments into the ureter wall was proven histologically. Fiber fragmentation was avoided by increasing the pulse duration up to 1 microseconds. Riks for patient treatment caused by short pulse lithotripsy are discussed.     

调Q开关翠绿宝石激光治疗面部褐青色痣的疗效观察

目的:评价波长为755nm的调Q开关翠绿宝石激光治疗面部褐青色痣的疗效.方法:采用调Q开关翠绿宝石激光器针对107例面部褐青色痣患者进行治疗,观察治疗前后面部色素的变化情况,结合激光能量密度、治疗次数对疗效进行分析评估.结果:107例患者总有效率达53.27%,其中能量密度9.0J/cm2、9.5J/cm2、10.0J/cm2、11.0J/cm2和12.0J/cm2有效率分别为27.27%、29.41%,57.58%、67.65%和58.33%;治疗次数为1～2次、3～4次、5～6次和6次以上的有效率分别为32.35%、48.98%和86.67%和100%.结论:调Q开关翠绿宝石激光能够有效治疗或者改善面部褐青色痣,在能量密度为9.0～12.0J/cm2的范围内疗效差异存在统计学意义,能量密度为10.0～12.0J/cm2疗效较好,治疗次数差异存在统计学意义,次数越多疗效越好.     

Q开关紫翠宝石激光治疗P-J综合征面部黑子15例

目的：探讨Q开关紫翠宝石激光治疗p-J综合征患者面部黑子的有效性和安全性。方法：15例P—J综合征患者,均采用Q开关紫翠宝石激光治疗,脉宽75ns,波长755nm,光斑直径2．4mm。结果：经1～3次治疗后,15例患者均取得了满意疗效,没有发生严重的并发症。结论：Q开关紫翠宝石激光是治疗p-J综合征患者面部黑子的一种安全、有效的方法。     

Q开关激光治疗颧部褐青色痣170例疗效分析

目的观察Q开关激光治疗颧部褐青色痣的效果,分析影响疗效的因素。方法采用美国COHERENT公司生产的Versapulse波长激光器中的Nd:YAG1064nm波长,能量密度3.0~6.5J/cm2;翠绿宝石755nm波长,能量密度3.0~6.0J/cm2;倍频Nd:YAG532nm波长,能量密度1.6~2.8J/cm2。光斑直径2~4mm。分别治疗2~6次,间隔时间3~12个月,根据治疗前后的照片判定疗效,标准分为Ⅳ级。结果170例患者中,治愈56例,占33%,显效65例,有效49例,总有效率100%。随访6个月至5年,除13例患者出现短期的色素加深外,170例患者病灶色素消失,无瘢痕遗留及复发。结论Q开关激光治疗颧部褐青色痣安全有效。     

Q开关激光治疗颧部褐青色痣170例疗效分析

目的 观察Q开关激光治疗颧部褐青色痣的效果，分析影响疗效的因素。方法 采用美国ODHERENT公司生产的Versapulse波长激光器中的Nd：YAG1064哪波长，能量密度3．0～6．5J／cm^2；翠绿宝石755哦波长，能量密度3．0～6．0J／cm^2；倍频Nd：YAG532哪波长，能量密度1．6～2．8J／cm^2。光斑直径2～4mm。分别治疗2～6次，间隔时间3～12个月。根据治疗前后的照片判定疗效。标准分为Ⅳ级。结果 170例患者中，治愈56例，占33％，显效65例，有效49例，总有效率10096。随访6个月至5年，除13例患者出现短期的色素加深外，170例患者病灶色素消失，无瘢痕遗留及复发。结论 Q开关激光治疗颧部褐青色痣安全有效。     

Q-开关翠绿宝石激光治疗常见色素增加性皮肤病临床疗效观察

目的：探讨Q-开关翠绿宝石激光治疗常见色素增加性皮肤病的疗效及安全性。方法：应用AlexLazr Q-开关翠绿宝石激光不同剂量针对360例面部色素增加性皮肤病患者进行治疗,并随访3～6个月,观察治疗后效果及预后。结果：总有效率为98.6%,术后出现局部紫癜、疼痛、暂时性色素沉着、水疱等,无色素减退和瘢痕出现。结论：Q-开关翠绿宝石激光治疗常见色素增加性皮肤病安全、有效。     

Treatment of atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini-associated hyperpigmentation with the Q-switched alexandrite laser: a clinical, histologic, and ultrastructural appraisal

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini (APP) is an uncommon cutaneous disorder, with no known effective treatment, manifested by hyperpigmented patches that appear to be depressed compared with surrounding skin. This study investigated the effectiveness of the Q-switched alexandrite laser on a patient with extensive APP, and evaluated histopathologic and ultrastructural changes. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS:A man with stable APP underwent Q-switched alexandrite laser treatment to a patch on the trunk. Biopsies were obtained from treated and untreated sites of involvement. Light and transmission electron microscopic evaluation was performed to investigate melanosome number, size, and volume, as well as melanin granule number and size. RESULTS: After three treatment sessions, the treated area showed marked clinical improvement. Electron microscopy showed a 19% reduction in melanin granule number and size and a 65% reduction in melanosome number, size, and volume in larger melanosomes in treated compared with untreated sites. CONCLUSION: Treatment of APP with the Q-switched alexandrite laser results in clinical improvement. Electron microscopic evaluation suggests that the mechanism may be a reduction in the number, size, and volume of larger melanosomes as well as a decrement in melanin granule number and size.     

Lithotripsy with a Q-switched alexandrite laser system. Preliminary in vivo and in vitro results.

An alexandrite laser system which emits a wavelength of 750 nm, has recently been proposed as a substitute for the pulsed-dye laser (504 nm) for laser lithotripsy. We have carried out in vitro lithotripsy trials in order to evaluate the efficiency of a flashlamp pumped Q-switched alexandrite laser. In the first experiment, we compared the Q-switched alexandrite laser to the pulsed-dye laser with respect to their effectiveness in fragmentizing urinary and model stones (HMT target stones). In the second experiment, we evaluated the effect of Q-switched alexandrite radiation on the urinary wall (bladder, ureter, renal pelvis and liver) of animals (Wistar rats and rabbits) under general anesthesia. In conclusion, the alexandrite laser system is comparable to the pulsed dye laser. The 750-nm wavelength involves minimal risk of damage to the urinary tract and constitutes a safe alternative, especially during blind lithotripsy. It is a compact solid-state system, with no toxic chemical agents as laser material.     

A case of labial lentigines in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome treated using a Q-switched alexandrite laser

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is a polygenic autosomal dominant disease characterized by multiple gastrointestinal polyps and pigmentation of the mucosa and skin. While there are a few reports regarding successful treatment of intestinal polyps in PJS, there is little research regarding treatment of mucocutaneous melanosis. This study investigated the many advantages of using a Q-switched alexandrite laser to treat mucocutaneous melanosis. In this case, a 19-year-old male with PJS presented with labial lentigines and received two Q-switched alexandrite laser treatments in 2018. Subsequently, the efficacy of the treatment was evaluated. The result of the evaluation was that, after the two laser treatments, the labial lentigines were successfully removed, and there were no complications.     

调Q Alexandrite激光治疗太田痣对正常表皮黑素细胞作用的研究

目的 了解调Q Alexandrite激光治疗太田痣过程中对正常表皮黑素细胞的损伤。方法 对5例患者进行多例次活检,于光镜（14例次）和电镜（17例次）下观察激光对表皮黑素细胞的作用,及其超微结构改变。结果 表皮黑素细胞中的黑素小体的数目及大小均明显少于真皮黑素细胞,在激光作用瞬间大多受到轻中度损伤,术后5个月－1年可逐渐恢复正常。结论 表皮黑素细胞受到的损伤是可逆的。     

Treatment of trichostasis spinulosa with 0.5-millisecond pulsed 755-nm alexandrite laser

Trichostasis spinulosa (TS) is a follicular disorder in which multiple hairs in a keratinous sheath project above the skin surface. Current treatments provide temporary relief and side effects are common. We report the successful treatment of TS in 20 patients using a short-pulsed 755-nm alexandrite laser. The 20 patients (skin types II-V) presented with TS lesions on the tip of their nose. All patients received a single treatment (one to three passes) with the laser with cold air cooling but without anaesthesia or analgesia. Treatment parameters were as follows: pulse duration 0.5?ms, fluence 15-17?J/cm(2), and spot size 5?mm. The entire procedure required less than 5?min to perform. The patients were followed up for 3?months for any adverse effects or recurrence. In all patients the lesions disappeared immediately after treatment with minimal or no pain. Erythema was minimal and lasted 5-20?min in all patients. Patients were very satisfied. The treated areas were still clear 4 to 5?weeks later, and a second treatment was not considered necessary. There were adverse effects other than the erythema and there was no recurrence within the follow-up period of 3?months. A single treatment with a short-pulsed 755-nm alexandrite laser appears to be a rapid, minimally painful, and effective treatment for TS in patients of skin types II to V.