金属支架治疗胃、十二指肠恶性梗阻疗效观察

目的 评价金属支架在治疗胃、十二指肠及吻合口恶性梗阻中的临床疗效.方法 胃、十二指肠及吻合口恶性梗阻引起上消化道梗阻症状28例患者,胃窦癌15例,胃癌术后吻合口复发3例,十二指肠癌7例,胰腺癌2例,胆管癌术后1例.在X线和胃镜监视下经口置入自膨式镍钛记忆合金支架.结果 26例患者成功放置了金属支架,患者临床症状均明显缓解.2例未能成功,其中1例术中出现心跳骤停,1例经3次手术均因导丝无法通过狭窄段失败.随访90～540 d,22例患者生存时间90～482 d.平均生存期216 d.结论 经口放置金属支架能有效缓解胃出口、十二指肠及吻合口恶性梗阻,可提高患者的生活质量、延长生存时间.     

胃十二指肠支架放置术围手术期的护理

目的对于胃十二指肠恶性病变引起的梗阻进行介入治疗的护理。方法经口或鼻置入胃十二指肠支架。结果 4例胃十二指肠恶性病变引起的梗阻患者均成功置入胃十二指肠支架。结论使用胃十二指肠支架成形治疗能有效缓解胃、十二指梗阻,迅速恢复饮食,提高了晚期肿瘤患者的生活质量,延长了生命。     

X线引导下金属内支架置入治疗胃十二指肠梗阻

目的 探讨经X线引导下金属内支架置入治疗胃十二指肠梗阻的临床价值.方法18例胃出口恶性梗阻患者,其中胃窦癌4例、胃窦癌术后吻合口复发6例、贲门癌术后幽门梗阻4例、胃恶性淋巴瘤术后1例、胰腺癌3例,所有患者均在X线监视下置入自膨式金属肠道支架.结果18例患者中,共置入支架20枚.16例一次成功置人支架,2例当时未能成功,...     

胃肠十二指肠支架X线导引下置入应用体会

目的评价联合应用胃十二指肠支架治疗胃十二指肠肠道恶性梗阻的疗效。方法 15例胃十二指肠接受支架置入术,其中胃窦肿瘤3例,胰腺肿瘤8例,壶腹部肿瘤2例,其他部位肿瘤压迫2例;15例均一次性成功置入金属支架,胃窦肿瘤3例,胰腺肿瘤8例,壶腹部肿瘤2例,其他部位肿瘤压迫2例。结果所有患者支架位置均满意,支架释放后再次造影显示支架膨胀良好,狭窄及阻塞段均恢复通畅。结论在X线引导下经口释放支架是治疗胃十二指肠恶性狭窄的有效方法。     

胆道及十二指肠恶性梗阻多支架置入治疗及体会

目的探讨联合应用胆道支架及十二指肠支架治疗胆道及十二指肠恶性梗阻的疗效。方法总结我院3例胆道及十二指肠恶性梗阻患者行胆道及十二指肠支架治疗的资料。1例胃癌复发患者,先经皮经肝穿刺胆道引流术（PTCD）下胆道金属支架置入,然后行胃镜下胃十二指肠支架置入;1例壶腹周围癌患者,十二指肠镜下胆道金属支架及十二指肠内金属支架同时置入,术后因再次黄疸,经十二指肠金属支架网眼再次胆道金属支架内置入胆道塑料支架。1例十二指肠癌患者,先行PTCD胆道内外引流管引流治疗,再通过胆道内外引流管窦道置入胆道金属支架,十二指肠镜下置入胃十二指肠金属支架。结果 3例患者术后总胆红素明显下降,上消化道梗阻症状明显改善,均未发生严重并发症。结论多支架治疗胆道及十二指肠恶性梗阻是一种有效的方法,提高了患者生活质量,但多支架置入的方法应因人而异。     

金属内支架治疗胃十二指肠恶性狭窄

目的：讨论不能手术治疗的胃十二指肠恶性狭窄患者,使用金属内支架治疗的方法和疗效。方法：胃部恶性肿瘤5例,胃癌术后胃肠吻合口复发3例,十二指肠恶性梗阻2例,不同部位的梗阻均采用X线透视下行支架植入术的手术操作方法,随访观察评价术后疗效。结果：本组10例支架放置均1次成功,术后进食情况均有不同程度改善,7例能进半流质,3例能进流质,平均随访6个月,其中生存1个月5例,2个月2例,4个月2例,6个月1例,平均通畅期2.3个月。结论：透视下放置胃十二指肠支架治疗胃十二指肠恶性梗阻方法简易、创伤小,可以改善患者的进食,提高患者的生存质量。     

十二指肠镜结合X线监视下行支架置入术治疗胃出口恶性梗阻临床体会

近年来,我院采用经十二指肠镜结合X线监视下行支架置入术治疗胃出口恶性梗阻9例,并取得满意近期疗效,现总结报告如下. 1资料与方法 1.1 临床资料2011年10月至2012年7月中国人民解放军第202医院消化内科收治的胃十二指肠出口梗阻患者9例,男6例、女3例,年龄52～85岁、平均63.5岁,均经内镜及病理检查证实,梗阻部位在胃窦幽门管5例、在十二指肠近端4例,梗阻段长度为3.2～8.0 cm;原发病为胃窦癌4例、胰腺癌2例、十二指肠癌2例、胆管癌1例;患者均有进食困难、呕吐、腹胀、体重减轻等上消化道梗阻的临床表现,且均因肿瘤复发或转移而无法行外科根治性手术.     

内支架置入结合动脉内化疗治疗胃十二指肠恶性梗阻11例

通过对11例有反复恶心呕吐症状且不能手术治疗的胃十二指肠恶性梗阻患者在透视监视下置入12个自膨胀式金属内支架后,定期行肿瘤供血动脉插管灌注化疗。结果:所有病例梗阻症状均获得缓解,患者生活质量明显提高。提示内支架置入结合动脉内化疗对胃十二指肠恶性梗阻可作为标本兼治的有效治疗方法。     

支架治疗胃十二指肠恶性狭窄的临床应用

目的：探讨支架治疗胃十二指肠恶性狭窄的操作方法及临床疗效。方法选取2009年2月～2012年2月抚顺市中心医院11例胃十二指肠恶性狭窄患者,其中狭窄部位位于胃窦及幽门部4例,胃肠吻合口3例,位于十二指肠降段及以远5例,均在DSA透视引导下采用介入放射学方法,经口置入合金支架11枚,并观察术后临床疗效。结果11例患者均一次性置入支架成功,未出现并发症及不良反应,术后狭窄梗阻情况均解除,术后2个月仅1例再狭窄,其余支架均保持通畅。结论支架置入术具有操作安全简便、创伤小、恢复快、并发症少、能维持正常生理通道的特点,是有效姑息性治疗胃十二指肠恶性狭窄的手段。     

金属内支架治疗胃十二指肠恶性梗阻

胃十二指肠恶性梗阻的常见病因是胃癌和胰腺癌,10%～20%的胰腺癌患者可能发生胃十二指肠梗阻.胃十二指肠恶性梗阻的临床表现为腹胀,恶心呕吐,随着病程的进展,患者不能正常饮食,营养不良及脱水,加速患者的死亡.胃空肠吻合术是治疗胃十二指肠恶性梗阻的传统方法.然而多数患者已是病程晚期,不具备外科手术条件.近年来,国内外学者采用植入金属支架治疗胃十二指肠恶性梗阻,临床有效率达89%,是一种微创、安全、有效的方法.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.