羊蹄甲属植物化学成分和药理活性的研究进展

根据近30年的文献报道,羊蹄甲属植物含有多种化学成分,主要有黄酮类、甾体类、萜类等,有些为首次从该属植物中得到的全新化合物。此属中的多种植物作为传统中药广泛被用来治疗糖尿病、抗菌消炎、镇痛、止血和利尿等。作者综述了羊蹄甲属植物化学成分和药理活性的研究概况,并按化学结构类型进行分类,为进一步开发应用此属资源提供资料参考。     

显脉香茶菜化学成分研究Ⅲ

目的 研究唇形科香茶菜属植物显脉香茶菜Isodon nervosus(Hemsl)C.Y.Wu et H.W.Li的化学成分,寻找抗肿瘤活性成分.方法 采用多种色谱技术进行分离纯化,通过理化常数和波谱分析进行结构鉴定.结果 从显脉香茶菜中分离得到7个化合物,其结构鉴定为maoecrystal D(Ⅰ),rubescensin Q(Ⅱ),rabdotemin A(Ⅲ),rabdoternin B(Ⅳ),effusanin A(Ⅴ),narcosin(Ⅵ),oleanolic acid(Ⅶ).结论 化合物Ⅰ～Ⅳ为首次从该植物中分得.     

羊蹄甲属植物的化学成分

豆科羊蹄甲属植物Bauhinia sirindhorniae原产于泰国东北部。该植物茎的浸出液在当地用于治疗肌痛的抗炎剂。目前尚未见该植物植化分析方面的报道。本次从该植物的根和茎中分离出几个生源相关的化合物，并发现一些化合物具有清除DPPH自由基的活性。     

显脉旋覆花的生药学研究

目的：为鉴别、研究和开发民间药物显脉旋覆花提供参考依据。方法：采用性状和显微方法观察显脉旋覆花各器官。结果：显脉旋覆花的茎、叶、总苞片密被黄色毛茸,根茎部有白色毛茸,根的皮层可见断续排列的石细胞环,花的粉末中可见草酸钙柱晶。结论：以上性状和显微特征对显脉旋覆花具有鉴别意义。     

显脉香茶菜化学成分的研究

从显脉香茶菜茎叶中分得一新二萜化合物,命名为ｒａｂｄｏｎｅｒｖｏｓｉｎＢ,根据光谱数据分析确定其结构１α,１５β－二羟基－６β,７－Ｂ－断裂－对映－对映－贝壳杉－１６烯－６,２０－环氧－７,２０－δ－内酯。     

显脉香茶菜化学成分研究

从显脉香茶菜叶及嫩技中分得一新二萜化合物，命名为rabdonervosinA。其结构经光谱分析确定为1α，15β三羟基-6，7－B-断裂一对映一贝壳杉一16烯，20环氧-7，20－内酯。     

红绒毛羊蹄甲中的黄酮类成分

目的 研究红绒毛羊蹄甲Bauhinia aurea的化学成分.方法 应用各种色谱技术进行分离纯化,用MS和NMR分析确定化合物结构.结果 90%乙醇提取,从醋酸乙酯萃取物的不同部位分离得到11个化合物,其中3个为黄酮苷元,8个为黄酮苷,分别鉴定为白杨素(I)、木犀草素(Ⅱ)、芹菜素(Ⅲ)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(IV)、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(V)、3,5,7-三羟基色原酮-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(Ⅵ)、白杨素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅶ)、山柰素-3,7-二氧-α-L-双鼠李糖苷(Ⅷ)、槲皮素-3,7-二氧-α-L-双鼠李糖苷(Ⅸ)、槲皮素-3-O-(6"-没食子酰基)-β-D-葡萄糖苷(X)、槲皮素-3-O-(6"-没食子酰基)-β-D-半乳糖苷(XI).结论 化合物Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ、X和Ⅺ均为首次从羊蹄甲属植物中发现.     

显脉香茶菜化学成分的研究

从显脉香茶菜中分得ｎｅｏｒａｂｄｏｓｉｎ（Ｉ），ｏｄｏｎｉｃｉｎ（Ⅱ）、ｅｆｆｕｓａｎｉｎＡ（Ⅲ）、ｎｅｒｖｏｓａｎｉｎ Ａ（Ⅳ）和ｅｆｆｕｓａｎｉｎ Ｅ（Ｖ），其中Ⅳ为新的天然化合物。     

显齿蛇葡萄查耳酮合成酶基因cDNA克隆及蛋白质序列分析

目的 对显齿蛇葡萄Ampelopsis grossedentata查耳酮合成酶(CHS)基因进行克隆及序列分析.方法 根据已经克隆的植物基因的保守序列设计一对引物,以显齿蛇葡萄总RNA为模板,采用RT-PCR的方法扩增CHS基因序列并连接到pMD 18-T Simple载体上,阳性克隆经PCR检测后进行测序.结果 得到一段1 173 bp的序列,序列分析表明,该片段编码390个氨基酸,与其他高等植物CHS基因氨基酸序列同源性在67.9％以上.结论 首次从显齿蛇葡萄中克隆了CHS基因,为有效利用该基因奠定了基础.     

红绒毛羊蹄甲的化学成分研究

目的：研究红绒毛羊蹄甲Bauhinia aurea的化学成分。方法：应用各种色谱技术进行分离纯化,用MS和NMR分析鉴定化合物结构。结果：从90%乙醇提取物中分离得到12个化合物,分别为：3,4-二羟基苯甲酸(1),4-羟基苯甲酸(2),3-羟基-4-甲氧基苯甲酸(3),4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯甲酸(4),没食子酸(5),没食子酸甲酯(6),没食子酸乙酯(7),羽扇豆-3-醇(8),羽扇豆-3-酮(9),豆甾-4-烯-3-酮(10),β-谷甾醇(11)和胡萝卜苷(12)。结论：除化合物5,8,11和12外,其余化合物均属首次从该属植物中发现。     

湖北羊蹄甲的化学成分研究

 目的 研究湖北羊蹄甲[Bauhinia glauca（Wall. ex Benth.） Benth. subsp. hupehana（Craib） T.Chen]茎叶的化学成分。方法 植物材料经丙酮冷浸提取,色谱法分离化学成分,根据其波谱数据鉴定化合物结构。结果 分离鉴定了5个化合物,分别为4-甲氧基新异甘草苷（1）,bauhiniasin（2）,硫黄菊素（3）,异甘草素（4）,4′-甲氧基新甘草苷（5）。结论 其中化合物1为新天然产物,化合物2,4为本植物首次分离,化合物3,5为本属首次分离。     

Antioxidant activity of supercritical extract of Melissa officinalis subsp. officinalis and Melissa officinalis subsp. inodora

The antioxidant activity of Melissa officinalis subsp. officinalis and of Melissa officinalis subsp. inodora extracts, obtained by using carbon dioxide under supercritical conditions was investigated. The samples were prepared in two steps. A preliminary extraction at 90 bar and 50 degrees C eliminated the essential oil, then a further extraction at 300 bar and 50 degrees C obtained the high molecular mass extract. These samples were tested for autoxidation and the iron or EDTA-mediated oxidation of linoleic acid at 37 degrees C in the absence of solvent, in in vitro systems. During linoleic acid autoxidation and its EDTA-mediated oxidation both M. officinalis and M. inodora extracts showed an antioxidant activity, and no significant differences in their efficacy were observed. None showed any prooxidant activity.     

龙须藤化学成分及其抗类风湿性关节炎活性研究

目的:研究龙须藤的化学成分及其对滑膜细胞的抑制作用。方法:运用硅胶柱层析、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱等方法,对龙须藤乙酸乙酯部位化学成分进行分离纯化,利用现代波谱学技术鉴定化合物结构,采用MTT法对分离得到的单体化合物进行体外抑制滑膜细胞增殖的活性筛选。结果:从龙须藤乙酸乙酯部位分离得到9个化合物,分别鉴定为:豆甾醇-4-烯-3-酮(1)、β-谷甾醇棕榈酸酯(2)、1-(2,4-二羟基苯基)-3-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-3-羟丙基-1-酮(3)、7-羟基香豆素(4)、没食子酸(5)、松柏醛(6)、1-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-1-丙醇(7)、丁香酸(8)、没食子酸乙酯(9)。结论:其中,化合物1～4、6、7、9为首次从龙须藤中分离得到,化合物1、3、6、7、9为首次从该属植物中分离得到。MTT法结果显示化合物1～9均对滑膜细胞具有一定的抑制作用,其中化合物5抑制作用最强。     

Yanangdaengin, a dihydrochalcone glucoside galloyl ester as active antioxidative agent from leaves of Lysiphyllum strychnifolium (syn. Bauhinia strychnifolia)

Objective: To isolate and identify the major bioactive components from the leaves of Lysiphyllum strychnifolium, an indigenous herb used in traditional Thai medicine for detoxification, longevity, and some other health related issues. Methods: Comparative HPLC analyses of the crude extracts from three provenances were carried out for an overview of characteristic compound profiles. Isolation of the major compounds was undertaken with chromatographic methods. Chemical structures were elucidated by NMR spectroscopic techniques and mass spectrometry. DPPH scavenging assay was carried out to determine the free radical scavenging activity of isolated compounds. Results: Yanangdaengin (3), a dihydrochalcone glucoside galloyl ester, has been isolated together with its corresponding dihydrochalcone glucoside trilobatin (2) as major compounds from the leaves of L. strychnifolium. Additionally, gallic acid (1) was co-chromatographically identified. Free radical scavenging activity of isolated compounds were determined. Compound 3 exhibited higher free radical scavenging activities in comparison to Trolox and quercetin. Conclusion: The isolated compounds could be used as chemical markers for quality assessment. The present work could promote the quality control and herbal medicinal product development of this plant.     

Antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of Retama raetam subsp. Gussonei

The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of the methanol extracts of Retama raetam subsp. gussonei leaves and seeds. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was assessed by means of two different tests: (1) bleaching of the stable 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) radical; and (2) lipid peroxidation of liposomes which were prepared from bovine brain extract. In both tests used leaves extract showed a significant antioxidant effect. The extract of leaves also demonstrated a good cytotoxic activity against COR-L23 (large cell carcinoma) cell line.     

Evaluation of flavonoids from Bauhinia megalandra leaves as inhibitors of glucose-6-phosphatase system

From the methanol extract of Bauhinia megalandra fresh leaves, eight flavonoids were isolated and evaluated by rat liver microsomal glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-Pase) bioassay, which might be a useful methodology for screening antihyperglycaemic substances. All the flavonoids assayed showed an inhibitory effect on the intact microsomal G-6-Pase: quercetin and kaempferol exhibited the lowest effect; astilbin, quercetin 3-O-alpha-rhamnoside, kaempferol 3-O-alpha-rhamnoside and quercetin 3-O-alpha-arabinoside an intermediate effect. The highest inhibitory activity was shown by quercetin 3-O-alpha-(2'-galloyl)rhamnoside and kaempferol 3-O-alpha-(2'galloyl)rhamnoside. None of the flavonoids mentioned above showed an inhibitory effect on the disrupted microsomal G-6-Pase. Quercetin 3-O-alpha-(2'-galloyl)rhamnoside and kaempferol 3-O-alpha-(2'-galloyl)rhamnoside exhibited the lowest IC50 of all the flavonoids assayed. Also, the phlorizin IC50 is reported.     

Chemical composition and biological potential of plants from the genus Bauhinia

Plants of the genus Bauhinia (Fabaceae, Leguminosae), commonly known as cow's‐paw or cow's hoof, are widely distributed in most tropical countries and have been used frequently in folk medicine to treat different kinds of pathologies, particularly diabetes, infections, as well as pain and inflammation. In recent years, interest in these plants has increased considerably throughout the world. The biological properties of different phytopreparations and pure metabolites have been investigated in numerous experimental in vivo and in vitro models. Although some contradicting evidence has been documented, in general, the results support the reported therapeutic properties, indicating that they are mainly due to the presence of flavonoids. This review summarizes the recent chemical and biological knowledge of plants of the genus Bauhinia. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

山胡椒果挥发油的化学成分与抗真菌活性

本文采用GC-MS技术分析了山胡椒果水蒸气蒸馏和溶剂提取所得挥发油的化学成分。前者主要成分为正癸酸、大根香叶烯A、正十二烷酸、表水菖蒲乙酯和氧化丁香烯;后者主要成分为莰烯、3,6,6-三甲基-2-降蒎烯、癸酸乙酯、桉叶素和罗勒烯。体外抗真菌实验表明,前者对四种皮肤致病真菌(MIC值0.03～0.5ml/L)和五种污染霉菌(MIC值1.0～1.5ml/L)均具有明显的抑制活性,而后者活性较弱,这与其几乎不含倍半萜类或其含氧衍生物有关。     

Leishmanicidal and Trypanocidal activities of Acetogenins isolated from Annona glauca

The dichloromethane extract of seeds of Annona glauca (Annonaceae) was active against three strains of Leishmania species. Nine known acetogenins were isolated and identified and then evaluated in vitro against Leishmania species and the bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma cruzi. Annonacin A and goniothalamicin showed activity against Leishmania, and glaucanisin, squamocin, annonacin A and annonacin against Trypanosoma cruzi reducing the parasites by 78%, 67%, 71% and 85%, respectively. Copyright © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Antiinflammatory activities of flavonoids and a triterpene caffeate isolated from Bauhinia variegata

In the continuing search for novel antiinflammatory agents, six flavonoids, namely kaempferol (1), ombuin (2), kaempferol 7,4'-dimethyl ether 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3), kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (4), isorhamnetin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (5) and hesperidin (6), together with one triterpene caffeate, 3beta-trans-(3,4-dihydroxycinnamoyloxy)olean-12-en-28-oic acid (7) were isolated from the non-woody aerial parts of Bauhinia variegata. Compounds 1-7 were evaluated as inhibitors of some macrophage functions involved in the inflammatory process. These seven compounds significantly and dose dependently inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon (IFN)-gamma induced nitric oxide (NO), and cytokines [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interleukin (IL)-12]. The concentration causing a 50% inhibition (IC50) of NO, TNF-alpha and IL-12 production by compounds 1, 2 and 7 was approximately 30, 50 and 10 microM, respectively, while at 50, 200 and 40 microM compounds 3, 4, and 5, 6 showed 15-30% inhibition, respectively. On the other hand, compounds 3 and 7 showed no inhibitory effect, while compounds 1, 4-6 reduced by around 10-30% the synthesis of NO by macrophages, when inducible NO synthase was already expressed with LPS/IFN-gamma for 24 h. These experimental findings lend pharmacological support to the suggested folkloric uses of the plant B. variegata in the management of inflammatory conditions.