308例非小细胞肺癌放疗效果的临床因素分析

目的：探讨非小细胞肺癌单纯放疗的生存情况及影响预后的临床因素。方法：回顾性分析1985年1月－1991年12月收治的308例非小细胞肺癌,Ⅰ期11例,Ⅱ期68例,ⅢA期155例,ⅢB期74例。均经病理或细胞学证实,采用10MV－X线或CO－60机照射,常规分割,周剂量7－11,50Gy。有47例放疗开始或半量时按治疗计划布野,全程包括纵隔及原发灶,纵隔剂量大于56Gy其它病例纵隔剂量40Gy,生存率计算采用Kaplan-Meier法及Log-rank检验。结果：全组中位生期期10个月,1、3、5年生存率分别为43％、15％和9％,影响生存的临床因素分析结果表明,临床分期、近期疗效和周剂量和与预后有密切关系（P＜0．05）,而放疗总剂量和纵隔剂量与预后未见明显关系（P＜0．05）。结论：影响肺癌患者放疗预后的临床因素主要是临床分期,近期疗效和周剂量的大小,而放疗总剂量和纵隔剂量高低与生存率无明显关系     

Current status in the treatment of inoperable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)

Advances in the treatment of inoperable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have been falling behind the recent results obtained for small cell lung cancer (SCLC) which had been considered the more malignant type with the shortest survival time. Recently, however, with the introduction of cisplatin, the results of combination chemotherapy for NSCLC have shown a degree of advancement so that an average response rate of 40% and a median survival time (MST) of 8-10 months can be obtained. Our method of combination chemotherapy, PPM (cisplatin, peplomycin, mitomycin C), resulted in an overall response rate of 44% (40% squamous, 29% adeno, 64% large) and an MST of more than 23.3 months in responders. With PFM (cisplatin, 5FU, mitomycin C), response rate was 35% and an MST of 18.7 months was obtained for adenocarcinoma responders. It can therefore be said that we have achieved a new degree of success in the treatment in NSCLC.     

非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的LYVE-1阳性微淋巴管密度与肿瘤淋巴转移的关系

目的:评价LYVE-1作为肺癌淋巴管的特异性标志物的价值;探讨淋巴管生成与NSCLC淋巴转移的关系.方法:对40例NSCLC和8例组织石蜡切片进行免疫组化染色,检测LYVE-1、CD34的表达情况,并对LYVE-1和CD34阳性管腔密度进行计数.结果:LYVE-1阳性管腔密度(microlymphatic density,MLD )与CD34阳性管腔密度(microvascular density,MVD)无相关性(Spearman相关性分析,r＝0.017,P＞0.05),结合光镜下形态学特点,LYVE-1特异性表达于淋巴管内皮,而不在血管内皮表达.LYVE-1阳性MLD在NSCLC中显著高于良性肺组织,Ⅲ期+Ⅳ期显著高于Ⅰ期+Ⅱ期 (P＜0.05);与细胞分化程度无关(P＞0.05). 有淋巴转移组LYVE-1阳性MLD显著高于无淋巴转移组(P＜0.01),N2淋巴结转移组显著高于N1淋巴结转移组(P＜0.05).结论:LYVE-1对肺组织淋巴管内皮的表达的特异性较强,是研究NSCLC淋巴管增生较为理想的肿瘤淋巴管特异性标志物.NSCLC淋巴管增生对于肿瘤的发生、发展有重要作用,是促进肿瘤淋巴转移的重要因素.     

胸腺肽在晚期非小细胞肺癌化疗中的作用

背景与目的：肺癌的发生、发展与机体的免疫功能状况密切相关,恶性肿瘤患者存在明显的免疫功能紊乱,主要表现为细胞免疫功能下降.本研究评价胸腺肽联合化疗对晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效、毒副反应、生活质量及免疫功能的影响.方法：42例非小细胞肺癌随机分为2组,治疗组：NP方案＋胸腺肽.长春瑞滨（NVB）25 mg/m^2,静脉滴注,第1、8天,顺铂（DDP）70～80 mg/m^2,静脉滴注,第1天.化疗后第3天每日静脉滴注胸腺肽200 mg,连续7～10 d.对照组：单化疗,用NP方案,剂量、用法同上.结果：治疗组化疗后CD4和NK细胞活性显著高于化疗前和对照组化疗后水平（P＜0.01）,对照组NK细胞活性化疗后显著低于化疗前水平（P＜0.05）.治疗组KPS提高率为61.9%（13/21）,而对照组为28.6%（6/21）,两组差异有显著性（P＜0.05）.治疗组有效率52.4%（11/21）,1年生存率为52.6%.对照组有效率42.9%（9/21）,1年生存率38.8%.两组间疗效、毒副反应及1年生存率比较差异无显著性（P＞0.05）.结论：胸腺肽联合化疗能提高肺癌化疗患者机体的免疫功能,改善患者生存质量.     

Fasting blood glucose level and prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients

Background

The aim of this study was to explore circulating tumor cell (CTC) detection in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). CTCs may not only serve as a prognostic marker in selected tumor types, but may also be useful as pharmacodynamic marker in drug development.

Methods

Fourty-six advanced NSCLC patients and fourty-six healthy controls were included in the study and 8.0 ml of peripheral blood was obtained from each of the participants. Immunomagnetic bead enrichment for cells expressing epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) was performed, followed by multi-marker quantitative real-time PCR of a panel of marker genes: cytokeratin 7 (CK7), cytokeratin 19 (CK19), human epithelial glycoprotein (EGP) and fibronectin 1 (FN1). Using quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA), expression values were combined into a single score, which indicated CTC-positivity or -negativity. Test characteristics were assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.

Results

ROC curve analysis showed capability of discrimination between advanced NSCLC patients and healthy controls (area = 0.712; 95% CI 0.606-0.819; P < 0.001). A cut-off minimizing overall misclassification for QDA-positivity reached a sensitivity of 46% (95% CI 31-61) and a specificity of 93% (95% CI 82-99).

Conclusions

In this exploratory study, an assay was developed for discriminating CTCs in peripheral blood samples of advanced NSCLC patients from healthy controls. The assay demonstrated an acceptable sensitivity in combination with good specificity. Further validation studies should take place in NSCLC patients and a matched control group.     

Front-line weekly chemotherapy with gemcitabine for unfit patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)

Chemotherapy (CT) for elderly patients is becoming a standard, since the first demonstration by Gridelli and co-workers that chemotherapy (in their case Vinorelbine (VNB), single agent) is capable to produce significant survival benefits. Much less is known concerning the use of CT for unfit patients. The purpose of this phase II trial was to perform a comprehensive evaluation of activity, toxicity, and tolerability of single-agent Gemcitabine (GEM) (Gemzar) as a first-line chemotherapy for unfit patients with inoperable or recurrent non-small cell lung cancer. Patients were eligible if they had a pathological diagnosis and no previous chemotherapy; they should be younger than 76, with a performance status (ECOG-PS) equal to three; informed consent was also required. Gemcitabine was given by intravenous infusion at a weekly dose of 1250 mg/m2, 3 weeks per month, every 28 days. Treatment was given until progression, persistent toxicity, or refusal. Forty-five patients (39 males) entered the study; median age was 73 years (range 45-75); cell types were: adenocarcinoma (21), squamous (18), large cell (6). Previous surgical treatments included three lobectomies and one pneumectomy. Because of rapid clinical deterioration or consent withdrawal, six patients, registered for study, never started their treatment; other six had early chemotherapy suspension. These patients were included in the analysis, on an "intent-to-treatment" basis. The median number of chemotherapy cycles was nine (range 0-15); median dose-intensity was 75% of projected. Toxicity was mild, mainly hematological and never life threatening (only 1 grade 4 toxicity out of 325 pre-chemotherapy evaluations). Four patients obtained a partial response (9%, C.I. 1-17%) and other six patients had some tumor regression (13%, C.I. 3-23%). The estimated median time to progression was 17 weeks (quartile range: 9-24), with a median survival of 35 weeks (quartile rage: 20-51). We have found that single-agent gemcitabine represent a sufficiently safe therapeutic option in unfit patients with inoperable non-small cell carcinoma (NSCLC).     

Effects of insurance status on long-term survival among non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) patients in Beijing,China: A population-based study

Objective: To evaluate the effects of health insurance status on long-term cancer-specific survival of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) in Beijing, China, using a population-based cancer registry data.Methods: Information on NSCLC patients diagnosed in 2008 was derived from the Beijing Cancer Registry.The medical records of 1,134 cases were sampled and re-surveyed to obtain information on potential risk factors.Poorly-insured status was defined as Uninsured and New Rural Cooperative Medical Ins...     

Accelerated neoadjuvant chemotherapy of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)

Thirty patients with marginally resectable stage IIIA or stage IIIB NSCLC were treated with cisplatin (80 mg/ m(2)/i.v./dl), ifosfamide (4,000 mg/m(2)/i.v./dl) and vinorelbine (30 mg/m(2)/i.v./dl) plus G-CSF 300 mu g/s.c. on days 7-12 every 14 days for three cycles before surgery. In 26 evaluable patients, the radiographically assessed response rate to chemotherapy was 77% (8% complete). Three septic deaths (10%) occurred in spite of G-CSF and 1 patient refused to continue after the first cycle. Thoracothomy was performed in 23 patients including 19 complete resections. At 15 months median follow-up (range 10-22+), 11/19 (57%) completely resected patients relapsed. The overall median time to treatment failure was 11 months (range 0-17). Actuarial survival probability at 12, 18 and 24 months are 56%, 43% and 36%, respectively. In conclusion, the combination of cisplatin, ifosfamide and vinorelbine in full doses at a 14 day interval (accelerated chemotherapy) was very effective in neoadjuvant NSCLC setting. Nevertheless, relevant toxicity was demonstrated with a 10% death rate probably due to the overlapping toxicity of chemotherapy cycles, suggesting the need for a more intense supportive care or longer interval between cycles.     

CT-guided permanent brachytherapy for patients with medically inoperable early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)

Seven patients with early stage T1N0M0 NSCLC who had medical contraindications for surgical resection were treated with CT-guided percutaneous implantation of (103)Pd or (125)I seeds. After the procedure, two patients developed pneumothorax and hemo/pneumothorax that was managed with aspirative drainage. One patient developed a focal pneumonitis 3 months after the procedure. After a median follow-up of 13 months (4.6-41.0+ months), no patient has developed local or regional failure.     

非小细胞肺癌组织成纤维细胞P-gp的表达及意义

目的:研究非小细胞肺癌组织中成纤维细胞P-gp的表达与临床病理特征的关系,探讨其对患者术后早期复发或远处转移的影响。方法:应用Max VisionTM快捷免疫组化检测48例非小细胞肺癌组织和10例非癌肺组织中成纤维细胞P-gp的表达,随访患者并研究其表达水平与术后早期复发的相关性。结果:非小细胞肺癌组织中成纤维细胞P-gp的表达阳性率为70.8%,明显高于非癌肺组织(P<0.01);成纤维细胞P-gp的表达与患者年龄、肿瘤分化程度、临床分期和有无淋巴结转移有关(P<0.05);与患者性别、大小和肿瘤组织类型无关(P>0.05),P-gp阳性患者术后1年内复发或远处转移率明显高于P-gp阴性患者。结论:P-gp参与了肿瘤细胞的耐药性的形成,肿瘤组织成纤维细胞P-gp的表达水平在患者术后早期复发及远处转移中具有重要意义。