伊曲康唑固体脂质纳米粒的制备

目的:制备伊曲康唑固体脂质纳米粒,并考察其理化性质.方法:采用乳化-低温固化法制备伊曲康唑固体脂质纳米粒(ITZ-SLN);在脂质、表面活性剂等辅料和主药用量的单因素考察基础上,以包封率为评价指标,采用正交试验设计,优化处方组成和制备工艺;用低温超速离心法测定包封率,透射电镜观察形态,激光粒径分析仪测定粒径和ξ电位.结果:脂质、表面活性剂和主药的用量对ITZ-SLN包封率均有不同程度的影响.以优化处方制备的伊曲康唑固体脂质纳米粒为类球形实体,粒径分布比较均匀,平均粒径为dav=(118.2±15.00)nm,ξ电位(-37.06±0.53)mV,包封率(92.11±1.60)%.结论:乳化-低温固化法制备伊曲康唑固体脂质纳米粒工艺可行.     

伊曲康唑固体脂质纳米粒的体外释放研究

目的：研究伊曲康唑固体脂质纳米粒（ITN）的体外释药行为。方法：采用动态透析法。分别精密吸取ITN混悬液和同浓度的伊曲康唑溶液于预处理过的透析袋中,于（37±1）℃恒温摇床中进行体外释放试验,释放介质为1%吐温80-0.7%浓盐酸（10：7）溶液;采用高效液相色谱法测定伊曲康唑含量;以不同时间取样的累积释药率数据进行不同释药模型的拟合。结果：6h时伊曲康唑溶液几乎释放完全,累积释放率已达到96.32%,释药行为符合一级动力学方程;而ITN仅释放37.93%,其释药行为符合Weibull方程。结论：ITN在体外具有良好的缓释作用。     

槲皮素固体脂质纳米粒的制备

目的: 制备槲皮素固体脂质纳米粒并对其理化性质进行考察。方法: 采用乳化蒸发-低温固化法制备槲皮素固体脂质纳米粒,以正交设计优化处方和制备工艺,超滤法测定包封率,透射电子显微镜对其粒子形态进行观察,并使用激光粒度分析仪测定其粒径和Zeta电位。结果: 经处方优化制备的固体脂质纳米粒平均粒径为(124.2±0.371) nm,Zeta电位为(-22.3±0.315) mV,粒子形态均匀,无粘连,平均包封率为(89.3±1.209)%。结论: 制备槲皮素固体脂质纳米粒的工艺简便可行,包封率较高且纳米粒质量优良。     

新藤黄酸固体脂质纳米粒的制备与质量评价

目的制备新藤黄酸固体脂质纳米粒并进行质量考察。方法采用正交试验设计优化处方,以高温乳化-低温固化的方法制备新藤黄酸固体脂质纳米粒。并对其包封率、形态等进行研究。结果所制得的新藤黄酸固体脂质纳米粒外观形态圆整,粒度分布均匀,平均粒径为163.3 nm,包封率为(60.1±1.1)%。结论高温乳化-低温固化的方法适用于新藤黄酸-固体脂质纳米粒的制备。     

中心组合设计-效应面法优化曲安奈德固体脂质纳米粒处方

目的采用中心组合设计-效应面法优化曲安奈德固体脂质纳米粒(TACA-SLN)的处方。方法采用中心组合设计-效应面优化法筛选处方,以曲安奈德包封率作为评价指标,考察泊洛沙姆188的浓度,单硬脂酸甘油酯和大豆卵磷脂的质量比,药物和脂质材料的质量比,水相和有机相的体积比对评价指标的影响。采用高温乳化-低温固化法制备TACA-SLN。结果优选的最佳处方为:泊洛沙姆188浓度1.89%,单硬脂酸甘油酯与大豆卵磷脂质量比1.95,药物与脂质质量比0.15,水相与油相体积比5.68,实验值与理论值偏差0.07%。结论中心组合设计-效应面法能有效优选TACA-SLN处方。     

大黄素固体脂质纳米粒的制备及理化性质研究

目的：制备大黄素固体脂质纳米粒,并对其理化性质进行研究。方法：用乳化一溶剂挥发法制得大黄素素固体脂质纳米粒,并对其粒径、形态、表面电位、包封率、体外释药性质等进行研究。采用全体液平衡反向透析法研究体外释药性质。结果：所制固体脂质纳米粒外观形态圆整,粒度分布均匀,平均粒径为253nm,电位为一25．4mV,包封率为（56．31±2．06）％。药物体外释放符合Weibull线性方程。结论：固体脂质纳米粒可作为大黄素新型缓释给药系统。     

醋酸泼尼松固体脂质纳米粒的制备

目的研究醋酸泼尼松固体脂质纳米粒的处方和制备工艺,并对其质量进行评价。方法采用乳化-溶剂挥发法制备醋酸泼尼松固体脂质纳米粒,以包封率为指标用正交设计法优选处方,用透射电镜和激光粒径测定仪测定纳米粒的形态和粒径,用低速离心法测定药物的包封率。结果制得的醋酸泼尼松固体脂质纳米粒形态规整,几呈球形,以光强计算的平均粒径为125.0±68.1nm,包封率为87.14±1.89%。结论本研究所得的处方和工艺可制备性能优良的醋酸泼尼松固体脂质纳米粒。     

卡马西平硬脂酸固体脂质纳米粒的制备与理化性质研究

用乳化 -溶剂挥发法制得卡马西平硬脂酸纳米粒 ,并对其粒径、形态、表面电位、包封率、体外释药性质等进行研究。得到的硬脂酸纳米粒平均粒径 (D50 ) 12 0 .0± 9.8nm,Zeta电位为 - 5 0 .6± 3.3m V,包封率 89.8% ,药物体外释放符合 Higuchi线性方程 ,具有明显缓释作用     

蒙脱石盐酸倍他洛尔固体脂质纳米粒的制备及理化性质考察

目的制备治疗青光眼的蒙脱石盐酸倍他洛尔固体脂质纳米粒(MMT-BH-SLN),并考察其理化性质。方法采用乳化蒸发-低温固化法制备MMT-BH-SLN,建立正交实验,以包封率为评价指标,筛选最优制备工艺。采用透析法考察体外释药特性,通过细胞毒(MTT)实验评价药物体外细胞毒性。结果制备MMT-BH-SLN的最优处方为:药物30mg,单硬脂酸甘油酯30mg,卵磷脂100mg,质量浓度为36g·L-1的甘露醇溶液25mL,内水相的质量浓度为2g·L-1。平均包封率为81.81%±0.48%,载药量为4.85%±0.21%。MMT-BH-SLN可连续释放12h且药物累积释放百分率达85%。相比盐酸倍他洛尔水溶液,MMT-BH-SLN对人永生化角膜上皮细胞的毒性较小。结论采用乳化蒸发-低温固化法制备MMT-BH-SLN,缓释性能良好,包封率和载药能力较高,细胞毒性小。     

米托蒽醌固体脂质纳米粒的制备与处方优化

目的：制备米托蒽醌固体脂质纳米粒并优化其处方组成。方法：采用薄膜蒸发-超声分散法制备米托蒽醌固体脂质纳米粒。以包封产率、载药量和体外释药为考察指标，中心组合设计优化处方中米托蒽醌、磷脂、山嵛酸甘油酯和硬脂酸聚烃氧酯（S-40）的组成。结果：米托蒽醌固体脂质纳米粒的最优处方组成为米托蒽醌0．2％，磷脂3．0％，山嵛酸甘油酯1．0%，S-400．5％，注射用水加至10mL；优化处方的各指标值依次为包封产率（87．2±2．2）％，载药量（4．2±0．1）％，Q2h为（7．6±0．2）%，Q24h为（25．9±0．8）％，t50为（5．3±1．1）d和t90为（28．4±4．5）d。结论：薄膜蒸发-超声分散法适于制备米托蒽醌固体脂质纳米粒，优化后的各指标值均接近预测值。     

Development and characterization of itraconazole-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles for ocular delivery

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of entrapping water-insoluble drug itraconazole into solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) for topical ocular delivery. The drug-loaded SLNs were prepared from stearic acid and palmitic acid using different concentrations of polyvinyl alcohol employed as emulsifier. SLNs were prepared by the melt-emulsion sonication and low temperature-solidification method and characterized for particle size, zeta potential, drug loading and drug entrapment efficiency. The mean particle size of SLNs prepared with stearic acid ranged from 139 to 199?nm, while the SLNs prepared with palmitic acid had particle size in the range of 126–160?nm. The SLNs were spherical in shape. Stearic acid-SLNs showed higher entrapment of drug compared with palmitic acid-SLNs. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction measurements showed decrease in crystallinity of drug in the SLN formulations. The modified Franz-diffusion cell and freshly excised goat corneas were used to test drug corneal permeability. Permeation of itraconazole from stearic acid-SLNs was higher than that obtained with palmitic acid-SLNs. The SLNs showed clear zone of inhibition against Aspergillus flavus indicating antimicrobial efficacy of formulations.     

人参皂苷Rd固体脂质纳米粒的制备

目的:制备人参皂苷Rd固体脂质纳米粒,并考察其理化性质。方法:从旋转薄膜-超声分散法、乳化蒸发-低温固化法、高剪切乳化超声法和高压乳匀法中优选出制备方法;在脂质、表面活性剂等辅料和主药用量的单因素考察基础上,采用正交试验设计,确定最佳处方组成和制备工艺条件;用凝胶柱色谱和HPLC法测定包封率,透射电镜观察形态,激光粒径分析仪测定粒径和Zeta电位。结果:脂质、表面活性剂、助表面活性剂和主药的用量对Rd固体脂质纳米粒的粒径、Zeta电位和包封率均有不同程度的影响。高压乳匀法适合制备Rd固体脂质纳米粒。纳米粒表面呈圆整的球状,大小相近,分散均匀;平均粒径为(102.7±27.0)nm,Zeta电位为(-44.9±9.5)mV,包封率和载药量分别为(81.8±2.6)%和(6.37±0.21)%(n=3)。纳米粒稳定性良好,在4℃下保存4周后,粒径和包封率变化不明显。结论:高压乳匀法适合制备人参皂苷Rd固体脂质纳米粒,工艺稳定可行。     

Skin permeation of buprenorphine and its ester prodrugs from lipid nanoparticles: lipid emulsion,nanostructured lipid carriers and solid lipid nanoparticles

The aim of this study was to develop and characterize lipid nanoparticle systems for the transdermal delivery of buprenorphine and its prodrugs. A panel of three buprenorphine prodrugs with ester chains of various lengths was synthesized and characterized by solubility, capacity factor (log K′), partitioning between lipids and water and the ability to penetrate nude mouse skin. Colloidal systems made of squalene (lipid emulsion, LE), squalene + Precirol (nanostructured lipid carriers, NLC) and Precirol (solid lipid nanoparticles, SLN) as the lipid core material were prepared. Differential scanning calorimetry showed that the SLN had a more-ordered crystalline lattice in the inner matrix compared to the NLC. The particle size ranged from 220–300 nm, with NLC showing the smallest size. All prodrugs were highly lipophilic and chemically stable, but enzymatically unstable in skin homogenate and plasma. The in vitro permeation results exhibited a lower skin delivery of drug/prodrug with an increase in the alkyl chain length. SLN produced the highest drug/prodrug permeation, followed by the NLC and LE. A small inter-subject variation was also observed with SLN carriers. SLN with soybean phosphatidylcholine (SLN-PC) as the lipophilic emulsifier showed a higher drug/prodrug delivery across the skin compared to SLN with Myverol, a palmitinic acid monoglyceride. The in vitro permeation of the prodrugs occurred in a sustained manner for SLN-PC. The skin permeation of buprenorphine could be adjusted within a wide range by combining a prodrug strategy and lipid nanoparticles.     

非洛地平-硬脂酸固体脂质纳米粒的制备及其体外透皮吸收研究

目的:以固体脂质纳米粒为栽体,通过透皮给药达到提高非洛地平透皮吸收及缓释长效的目的.方法:采用溶剂挥发-超声法制备非洛地平固体脂质纳米粒水分散体,以大鼠皮肤为渗透屏障对非洛地平固体脂质纳米粒的经皮渗透进行研究.结果:非洛地平-硬脂酸固体脂质纳米粒为类球形实体粒子,平均粒径范围在50～150 nm,包封率大于85%,栽药量大于7%,药物体外释放符合一级动力学过程.体外经皮渗透速率显著高于空白对照组.结论:非洛地平固体脂质纳米粒处方设计合理,制备工艺可靠,以纳米粒作为透皮给药载体具有广阔的发展前景.     

蟾酥固体脂质纳米粒冻干工艺及其表征

目的 研究了蟾酥固体脂质纳米粒冻干剂的工艺及表征。方法以外观、色泽、再分散性为指标，考察了不同工艺条件对蟾酥固体脂质纳米粒冻干剂重建的影响，对冻干工艺参数进行了优化，并对蟾酥固体脂质纳米粒冻干剂进行了研究。结果5％乳糖和5％葡萄糖显示了优良的保护作用和再分散性，优化的冻干工艺为：-45℃预冻10h，升温至-30℃维持6h，再升温至-10℃维持3h，再升温至0℃维持2h，最后升温至25℃维持3h。结论通过支架剂的筛选和优化冻干工艺参数可以获得稳定的固体脂质纳米粒冻干剂。     

Hydrophilic coating of mitotane-loaded lipid nanoparticles: Preliminary studies for mucosal adhesion

The aim of the present work was to load mitotane, an effective drug for adrenocortical carcinoma treatment, in solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC). The SLN and NLC were successfully prepared by high shear homogenization followed by hot high pressure homogenization. Formulations were composed of cetyl palmitate as the solid lipid for SLN, whereas for NLC PEGylated stearic acid was selected as solid lipid and medium chain triacylglycerols as the liquid lipid. Tween® 80 and Span® 85 were used as surfactants for all formulations. The particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index (PI), encapsulation efficiency (EE), and loading capacity (LC) were evaluated. The SLN showed a mean particle size of 150?nm, PI of 0.20, and surface charge ?10 mV, and the EE and LC could reach up to 92.26% and 0.92%, respectively. The NLC were obtained with a mean particle size of 250?nm, PI of 0.30, zeta potential ?15 mV and 84.50% EE, and 0.84% LC, respectively. Hydrophilic coating of SLN with chitosan or benzalkonium chloride was effective in changing zeta potential from negative to positive values. The results suggest that mitotane was efficiently loaded in SLN and in NLC, being potential delivery systems for improving mitotane LC and controlled drug release.     

吡喹酮固体脂质纳米粒的研制

目的采用超声分散法制备吡喹酮固体脂质纳米粒,并考察制备过程中的主要影响因素。方法首先通过试验确定制备工艺参数,然后考察各处方因素对粒径大小和稳定性的影响,最后以包封率为评价指标,采用正交实验设计法确定最优处方。结果透射电镜测得纳米粒为类圆球状,粒径分布较均匀。动态光散射法测得样品的粒径为(100±21)nm,包封率为(79.3±0.69)%,平均zeta电位值为-66.3 mV。结论以山嵛酸甘油酯和乙酸丁酯为脂质材料,豆磷脂、泊洛沙姆188和硬脂酸钠为复配乳化剂,采用超声分散法可以简便、快速制得吡喹酮固体脂质纳米粒。     

酮洛芬固体脂质纳米粒的制备

目的：微乳法制备固体脂质纳米粒,以酮洛芬作为模型药物,考查其载药性能。方法：通过对空白微乳粒径和稳定性考查,确定优化处方,将其保温分散于冷水中制备固体脂质纳米粒。对影响其质量的工艺因素和处方因素进行考查和优化设计,筛选最优处方。结果：制备固体脂质纳米粒的直接影响因素包括脂质用量、药物的用量、冷水相温度和微乳保温温度等,所得固体脂质纳米粒的平均粒径（143.9±1.2）nm,多分散系数为0.443。载药固体脂质纳米粒包封率为81.47%,载药量为8.16%。结论：该法稳定可靠,可用于酮洛芬固体脂质纳米粒的制备。