丽水市0~6月婴儿母乳喂养现状分析

目的 了解丽水市区6月龄以下婴儿喂养情况及相关因素,为提高母乳喂养率提供参考。方法 自制调查问卷,对儿保科门诊6个月以下婴儿进行调查,就婴儿喂养、母亲情况及影响母乳喂养的相关因素进行分析。结果 调查675名婴儿,纯母乳喂养率为40.89%,部分母乳喂养率为39.11%,配方奶喂养占20.00%;不同月龄婴儿的喂养方式存在不同;单因素分析显示喂养方式与母亲文化程度、家庭月收入、母亲有无产科并发症、分娩方式、新生儿是否入住新生儿监护室、是否早开奶、母亲是否接受健康教育、出生胎龄等因素有关(P均<0.05);经Logistic回归分析显示,家庭月收入、分娩方式、新生儿是否入住新生儿监护室、是否早开奶、母亲是否接受健康教育5个因素有关。配方奶喂养比母乳喂养肥胖发生率更高。结论 加强健康教育、早开奶、降低剖宫产率、良好的环境及家庭氛围、在新生儿因疾病住院期间保持泌乳是提高母乳喂养率的有效措施。     

昆明市西坝社区纯母乳喂养现状分析

[目的]了解目前昆明地区4个月婴儿纯母乳喂养现状，为今后促进母乳喂养工作提供依据。[方法]对西坝社区内2005年出生的439名婴儿的喂养方式进行了问卷调查。[结果]2005年西坝社区4个月婴儿纯母乳喂养率、混合喂养率和人工喂养率分别为48，5％、30．5％和20．9％；母亲年龄在30岁以上、从事脑力劳动者纯母乳喂养比率要低；各种喂养方式与是否在爱婴医院出生差异无统计学意义；不能坚持4个月纯母乳喂养的主要原因是母乳不足或产后无母乳、母亲工作忙无喂奶时间、母亲或婴儿生病等。[结论]昆明地区4个月婴儿纯母乳喂养率低于全国平均水平，政府及有关部门应加强促进母乳喂养工作，加强对爱婴医院的监管。     

486名4个月内婴儿母乳喂养情况分析

为了解舟山市母乳喂养现状,进一步探索影响母乳喂养的因素,提高纯母乳喂养率,我们对４８６名出生后４个月内婴儿,在儿保门诊健康检查时母乳喂养情况进行了调查和分析。 对象与方法 １．对象：参加我院保健门诊定期健康检查的１９９８年９月～１９９９年２月出生的４个月内母乳喂养的婴儿及其母亲。 ２．方法：按调查内容,直接在儿保门诊详细询问母亲喂养情况。喂养情况分为：纯母乳喂养（完全母乳喂养）、母乳喂养（由母乳和代乳品共同喂养,母乳喂养量占总喂养量的２０％以上）、人工喂养（母乳喂养量不到总喂养量的２０％）。调查内…     

母乳是婴儿最好的食物

母乳喂养在中国 联合国儿童基金会（2005～2009）的调查显示：在中国,0～6个月婴儿接受纯人工喂养率占12．4％、混合喂养率占44．7％、纯母乳喂养率占42．8％。《中国儿童发展纲要（2001-2010年）》明确指出,6个月以内婴儿的纯母乳喂养率要求达到50％以上,所以需要大家共同努力,让我们下一代更好地受益。     

陕南部分农村母亲的婴幼儿喂养知信行现况调查

目的：了解农村婴幼儿母乳喂养及辅食添加现状及影响因素,为进一步实施科学喂养、科学育儿,提高儿童健康水平提供科学依据。方法自拟调查问卷,随机抽取南郑县10个乡镇1000名1周岁婴幼儿母亲进行现场问卷调查,并对数据进行分析。结果母乳喂养率88．6％,6个月纯母乳喂养率31．2％,初乳喂养率66．3％,早开奶喂养率54．9％,其中部分农村母亲受家里老人观念的影响挤掉初乳占55％,母亲自认为奶水不足占48．8％,认为母乳营养不够该添加辅食了占51．2％,满4～6个月添加辅食率63．4％,满6个月以上添加辅食率仅占22．8％,添加辅食的种类以稀粥、菜汁、水果汁占的比例最大,为62．2％,而添加蛋黄比例为45．9％,动物类（肉、肝、鱼类）仅占5．9％。没有坚持母乳喂养的母亲主要是自认为母乳不足而过早加辅食;初乳挤掉主要是母亲认识不够,受旧观念影响;不添加动物类食物的母亲主要是认为孩子1岁以后才能消化。结论初乳喂养率、早期开奶率、6个月纯母乳喂养率及满6个月添加辅食率均偏低,辅食添加不合理且种类单一,动物性食物摄入严重不足;应加强妇幼保健、产儿科人员及婴幼儿母亲的培训,以更新相关知识及技能。     

重庆市彭水县0~2岁婴幼儿喂养现状及其影响因素

目的了解重庆市彭水县0~2岁婴幼儿喂养现状,探讨其影响因素。方法采用方便抽样,对重庆市彭水县县城中7个社区及8个乡镇中606名0~2岁婴幼儿的母乳喂养情况和半固体食物引入时间进行问卷调查,调查数据录入Epidata3.1数据库,采用SPSS19.0软件进行统计分析。结果 4月龄内婴儿纯母乳喂养率为63.6%,6月龄内婴儿纯母乳喂养率为35.3%,63.9%的婴幼儿在出生24h后开奶。大部分婴幼儿蔬菜、水果、谷类、蛋类、豆类、禽畜类、鱼类添加过晚。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,婴幼儿居住地为乡镇,开奶时间较早,是婴儿4月龄内纯母乳喂养的保护因素;喂养人年龄40岁,母乳喂养知识得分优秀者,是婴儿4月龄内纯母乳喂养的危险因素。结论调查地区婴幼儿喂养中开奶不及时,纯母乳喂养率和持续时间有待提高,半固体食物添加月龄不合理,添加过晚现象严重,应向家长提供正确喂养婴幼儿知识指导。     

健康教育对4个月龄内婴儿纯母乳喂养分析

摘要本文通过１４８例４个月龄内婴儿纯田乳喂养情况调查,纯母乳喂养率从出院前８５．８％至调查前５８．１％,下降２７．７百分点,其主要原因为往院分娩期间,妇产科医护人员强化田乳喂养的宣传、指导、督促,运用健康教育手段在母乳喂养中起了重要作用,而出院后社会支持持组织指导不为、乳母信心不足、缺乏适时的母乳喂养知识等,导致４个月龄内婴儿纯田乳喂养下降。要发挥社会支持组织的作用,加强田乳喂养健康教育和指导,使全社会都来支持母乳喂养工作,促进儿童健康成长。     

分娩方式与母乳喂养的关系

为了解婴儿母乳喂养与分娩方式的关系 ,提高纯母乳喂养率 ,我们对我镇 1999～ 2 0 0 0年出生的 12 4名婴儿作了调查 ,现将结果报告如下。对象与方法1　对象　为我镇 1999～ 2 0 0 0年在本院或上级医院分娩的婴儿 ,共计 12 4名。2　方法　详细了解母亲的分娩方式和婴儿 4 2天、 4个月内的喂养情况。分娩方式有顺产和剖宫产 ;婴儿喂养分纯母乳喂养、主要母乳喂养、混合喂养和人工喂养 4种。结　　果1　 12 4名婴儿 4个月纯母乳喂养有 73名 ,占 5 8 87% ,主要母乳喂养 2 8名 ,占 2 2 5 8% ,混合喂养 9名 ,占7 2 6 % ,人工喂养 14名 ,占 11 2 9…     

吉安市862例4个月婴儿母乳喂养状况调查分析

目的:了解吉安市4个月婴儿母乳喂养状况。方法:用自制的调查问卷调查862例在吉安市医院儿科住院的患儿。通过母亲或者其他家属的回顾,调查4个月婴儿母乳喂养情况。结果:吉安市4个月婴儿纯母乳喂养率、混合喂养率、人工喂养率分别为60.21%、13.80%、25.99%。产妇的常住地、产妇有无产假、母亲主观原因是影响吉安市母乳喂养率的主要因素。结论:4个月婴儿纯母乳喂养率较低,应该积极倡导母乳喂养,促进婴儿健康成长。     

中国西部5省农村婴儿纯母乳喂养影响因素分析

目的:了解中国西部农村婴儿的母乳喂养现状,探讨影响4个月内婴儿纯母乳喂养的相关因素。方法:利用"2006年中国十省农村7岁以下儿童体格发育调查"资料,选取西部5省的农村婴儿作为研究对象。结果:西部5省农村婴儿母乳喂养率为71.97%;4个月内纯母乳喂养率为52.02%。单因素分析结果显示,影响婴儿4个月内纯母乳喂养的因素包括婴儿性别、胎数、出生体重、患病情况,父母亲年龄、母亲文化水平和职业、家庭年收入;多因素分析结果显示,双胎、有疾病史、出生体重低、母亲年龄大、母亲文化水平高、家庭年收入高是婴儿4个月内纯母乳喂养的危险因素。结论:中国西部5省农村婴儿4个月内纯母乳喂养率较低,受婴儿自身因素、母亲因素和家庭经济因素的影响,应加强孕期保健服务,积极宣传和普及科学喂养知识,提高母亲母乳喂养意识。     

北京市323例1~<2月龄婴儿身长体重发育及喂养方式状况分析

目的了解1~<2月龄婴儿身长体重发育状况及不同喂养方式间婴儿体格发育的差异,为做好儿童保健工作提供参考。方法使用在北京市某城区医院出生、并于2017年8月-2019年7月来医院进行出生后1~<2月龄健康检查的婴儿体检资料,对婴儿的体重和身长,以及喂养方式数据进行分析。用t检验方法,分析不同性别间及不同喂养方式间婴儿体重身长的差异。结果在323名婴儿中,完全母乳喂养率为59.4%,男女婴儿完全母乳喂养率差异无统计学意义(χ^2=3.321,P=0.190)。男孩1~<2月龄时的体重身长,以及生后至1~<2月龄的体重身长增长值均明显高于女孩相应的体重身长和体重身长的增长值,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。男女婴儿完全母乳喂养组1~<2月龄时的体重及体重增长值均明显高于非完全母乳喂养组的体重和体重增长值,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论母乳喂养有利于婴儿体格发育,母乳喂养率尚低。应进一步加强促进母乳喂养的措施,提高母乳喂养率。     

影响母亲持续母乳喂养的因素分析

目的了解0～4个月婴儿母乳喂养的需求和影响母乳喂养的因素。方法应用Logistic回归对429例0～4个月婴儿母乳喂养的相关因素进行分析。结果0～4个月婴儿母乳喂养率为73.20％,其中纯母乳喂养率为35.20％。影响母亲出产院后持续母乳喂养的因素中,坚持按需哺乳呈正相关(P＜0.01),而出产院后给婴儿用过奶瓶、过早给婴儿添加辅食及家庭经济收入呈负相关(P＜0.01或P＜0.05)。结论妇幼保健医生可将按需哺乳、不使用奶瓶、不给0～4个月婴儿过早添加辅食作为社区促进母乳喂养的重点服务内容,使母亲出产院后能够继续获得母乳喂养的有效帮助。     

安徽省母乳喂养现状及其影响因素分析

目的 了解安徽省2岁以内婴幼儿的母乳喂养现状及影响因素,为有效提高母乳喂养率提供可靠依据。方法 采用随机整群抽样方法,抽取安徽省3个市9个社区医院儿童保健门诊,利用自行设计的调查问卷对1 019 名带着2岁以内儿童做常规体检的母亲进行调查。结果 安徽省6个月内纯母乳喂养率达到61.9%,合肥市母乳喂养率(64.5%)和混合喂养率(31.3%)最高,阜阳市的人工喂养率(12.3%)最高;选择人工喂养的主要原因是没有母乳。关于母乳喂养的好处,合肥和芜湖的母亲知晓率明显高于阜阳;多因素分析得知合肥和阜阳两市母乳喂养率与母亲职业有关,芜湖母乳喂养率与分娩方式有关(P<0.05)。结论 医疗机构应降低剖宫产率,加强医护人员对母乳喂养知识的宣传,延长哺乳假,公共场所提供母婴保健室,全社会共同参与,提高母乳喂养率。     

Attitudes and practices of breastfeeding mothers regarding fasting in Ramadan

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the attitudes and practices of breastfeeding mothers regarding fasting in Ramadan. DESIGN: Cross-sectional observational survey. SETTING: Well-child care clinic at Ankara University Medical School and a health station serving an impoverished population in Ankara, Turkey. PARTICIPANTS: Breastfeeding mothers of infants aged 12 months or younger. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Fasting during Ramadan. RESULTS: Of the 164 participating mothers, 61 (37%) were from the health station and 103 (63%) from the university clinic. Most mothers were older than 25 years of age (55%), had more than primary school education (64%), a single child (53%), were living in a nuclear family setting (70%), supplementing breastfeeding (73%) and fasting (52%). Among the 129 mothers of infants aged 6 months or younger, 22% perceived a decrease in their breast milk and 23% an increase in the amount of solid supplements the infant was receiving. Belief that breastfeeding mothers should fast (RR = 6.45, 95% CI: 2.44-17.06), that fasting does not decrease breast milk (RR = 6.24, 95% CI: 1.85-21.05), receiving well-child care at the health station (RR = 3.14, 95% CI: 1.33-7.44), giving supplements (RR = 2.82, 95% CI: 1.09-7.27) and having multiple children (RR = 2.78, 95% CI: 1.23-6.28) were associated with fasting, in a logistic regression model. CONCLUSIONS: Fasting by breastfeeding mothers of infants is common during Ramadan, and rates are affected by beliefs of mothers on the effects of fasting on breastfeeding. We believe that child health care providers need to be knowledgeable about religious and cultural phenomena, study the effects of Ramadan fasting and form links with Islamic teachings to find religiously and culturally appropriate methods to combat the possible unfavourable effects for infants and children.     

四川省泸州市纯母乳喂养现状及其影响因素分析

目的 了解纯母乳喂养现状,分析影响纯母乳喂养的因素,为提高纯母乳喂养率提供理论依据。方法 以2019年4—6月在泸州市某医科大学附属医院、附属中医院和泸州市人民医院分娩活产儿的产妇为研究对象,在产后6个月时进行问卷调查,内容包括基本信息、婴儿6个月内喂养情况及相关信息,采用描述流行病学方法对纯母乳喂养现状进行描述,并采用单、多因素分析方法对纯母乳喂养的影响因素进行分析。结果 本研究共调查泸州市448名产后6个月的新生儿母亲。产妇年龄19~46岁,以26~35岁为主,占56.7%,文化程度以大专及以上为主,占94.8%,所在地以城市为主,占95.8%,以初产妇为主,占58.3%。纯母乳喂养率为61.16%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄大（OR=0.548、0.453）、乳头凹陷或扁平（OR=0.386）、产后抑郁情绪（OR=0.556）、睡眠质量差（OR=0.557）的产妇纯母乳喂养的可能性较低。婴儿出生后1 h内进行了母乳喂养（OR=2.375）、家人尤其是丈夫支持母乳喂养（OR=7.050）、孕期参加产前健康教育等知识讲座（OR=1.578）的产妇纯母乳喂养的可能性较高。结论 泸州市纯母乳喂养现状较好,影响纯母乳喂养的因素较多,可根据当地产妇特点制定相应干预措施,提升纯母乳喂养率。     

Factors Associated with Exclusive Breastfeeding in Timor-Leste: Findings from Demographic and Health Survey 2009–2010

Exclusive breastfeeding is known to have nutritional and health benefits. This study investigated factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding among infants aged five months or less in Timor-Leste. The latest data from the national Demographic and Health Survey 2009–2010 were analyzed by binary logistic regression. Of the 975 infants included in the study, overall 49% (95% confidence interval 45.4% to 52.7%) were exclusively breastfed. The exclusive breastfeeding prevalence declined with increasing infant age, from 68.0% at less than one month to 24.9% at five months. Increasing infant age, mothers with a paid occupation, who perceived their newborn as non-average size, and residence in the capital city Dili, were associated with a lower likelihood of exclusive breastfeeding. On the other hand, women who could decide health-related matters tended to breastfeed exclusively, which was not the case for others whose decisions were made by someone else. The results suggested the need of breastfeeding promotion programs to improve the exclusive breastfeeding rate. Antenatal counseling, peer support network, and home visits by health workers could be feasible options to promote exclusive breastfeeding given that the majority of births occur at home.     

6个月内婴儿纯母乳喂养现状及影响因素分析

目的 了解深圳市6个月内婴儿纯母乳喂养现状,并分析纯母乳喂养影响因素,为促进纯母乳喂养成功提供科学依据。方法 随机抽取在深圳市3个区妇幼保健院儿保科进行6个月内儿童常规体检的婴儿母亲1 000名进行问卷调查。结果 6个月内纯母乳喂养率为61.2%,非纯母乳喂养主要原因为自述母乳不足(42.01%),通过单因素及多因素分析,学历高、家庭月收入高、胎次多的产妇更少选择纯母乳喂养,有产假、坚持6个月内纯母乳喂养有信心、家人对母乳喂养持支持态度、开奶时间早、有夜间哺乳的产妇更多选择纯母乳喂养。结论 为进一步提高6个月内纯母乳喂养率,医务人员应加强母乳喂养宣教及产后指导,鼓励产妇家属共同参与,增强产妇母乳喂养信心,用工单位提供便利支持母乳喂养,医院落实爱婴医院政策。     

Breastfeeding by Aboriginal mothers in Perth

Objective: To document the breastfeeding practices of Aboriginal mothers delivering in Perth. Design and methods: A cohort of mothers was followed from the time of delivery for six months to obtain details of infant feeding practices. Subjects: A total of 455 mothers delivered during the study period and were asked to participate. A total of 425 mothers completed the initial questionnaire. Setting: The study was undertaken in six public hospitals in Perth, Western Australia. Data analyses: The data were analysed using spss . Breastfeeding duration was calculated using Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. Main outcome measures: Breastfeeding initiation and duration. Results: The mean age of the Aboriginal mothers was 21.8 years (range 14–39 years, SD 5.32) and the average gestational age was 38.3 weeks. Almost 50% of the mothers in the study delivered by Caesarean section. At discharge from hospital 89.4% (CI 86.6–92.1) of mothers were breastfeeding, declining to 58.8% (CI 53.5–64.1) at six months. When compared with non‐Aboriginal mothers, the Aboriginal breastfeeding rates were higher than the non‐Aboriginal average breastfeeding rates, but lower than the highest socioeconomic group. Conclusions: The breastfeeding rates of Aboriginal mothers are higher than for other Australians. This is despite the low maternal age and level of education and the high rates of low‐birth‐weight infants and Caesarean section among this population. The World Health Organization recommendation for infant feeding is exclusive breastfeeding until six months, but less than one‐third of Aboriginal mothers achieved this recommendation.     

Breastfeeding prevalence and practices among Singaporean Chinese, Malay and Indian mothers

The National Breastfeeding Survey 2001 was the first comprehensive study on breastfeeding conducted on a national level in Singapore. It aimed to establish the prevalence of breastfeeding among Chinese, Malay and Indian mothers and to identify factors influencing breastfeeding. A total of 2098 mothers were interviewed in this two-phase study, with the first interview conducted 2 months after delivery and the second interview 6 months after birth among mothers who were still breastfeeding at 2 months. Frequency distributions of breastfeeding prevalence and types of breastfeeding practices at different time intervals (from birth to 6 months) were produced. Multivariate logistic regression was carried out to construct a model with predictive information on factors which influence continued breastfeeding till 2 months and 6 months after delivery respectively. The study found that about 94.5% of the mothers attempted breastfeeding. At 1 month, 71.6% were still breastfeeding, 49.6% continued to do so at 2 months, and 29.8% persisted till 4 months. By 6 months, the breastfeeding prevalence rate fell to 21.1%. The results of this study show higher breastfeeding prevalence rates compared to past studies in Singapore. Despite this, exclusive breastfeeding is still not a common practice. Various factors were found to be significant in influencing mothers' decision to breastfeed. Factors such as ethnicity, age, educational attainment, religion and baby's sex are non-modifiable in the short term or at an individual level. However, factors such as awareness of breastfeeding benefits, advice from health professionals and previous breastfeeding experience are potentially modifiable. Efforts aimed at promoting breastfeeding in Singapore need to take these modifiable factors into consideration so as to better tailor health promotion efforts on breastfeeding to women.     

住院期间母乳喂养服务对产褥期纯母乳喂养行为的影响

目的 分析上海市某区产妇住院期间母乳喂养服务对产褥期纯母乳喂养行为的影响。 方法 在全区随机抽取13家社区卫生中心中的5家儿保门诊,招募1月龄的婴儿母亲进行问卷调查。 结果 共收集到合格问卷456份,住院期间母婴同室率为96.1%;11.4%没有使用奶瓶、奶粉;45.2%的婴儿产后1 h内吸吮母乳,分娩后30 min内开始母婴早接触率为47.6%。住院期间纯母乳喂养率23.9%,1月龄婴儿纯母乳喂养率55.3%。多元logistics回归分析显示,出生后第一口食物为母乳的婴儿在出生后一个月的纯母乳喂养率较高(aOR=1.932,95%CI:1.254～2.978,P=0.003)。分娩后30 min内进行母婴接触的婴儿在出生后一个月的纯母乳喂养率较高(aOR=1.624,95%CI:1.033～2.552,P=0.036)。 结论 住院期间母乳喂养服务与产褥期纯母乳喂养行为密切相关,需加强爱婴医院长效管理机制的落实,提升母乳喂养服务质量,提高纯母乳喂养率。