南宁朝阳溪,邕江和南湖水对沼蛙蝌蚪红细胞微核率影响的研究

分别从邕江、南湖、朝阳溪、广西医科大学池塘采水样，并以标准饮用水为对照进行诱发蝌蚪工细胞微核的研究。结果表明：邕江组，南湖组和朝阳溪组的蝌蚪红细胞微核率显著地高于对照组（Ｐ〈０．０５），尤其是南湖组和朝阳溪组微核率较高，分别是对照组的２．６９倍和４．４７倍，表明这两处水质中含有较多的致畸物，污染严重。     

串场河水诱发蝌蚪血红细胞微核的研究

本文通过测定蝌蚪血红细胞微核率进行串场河河水致变效应的研究。实验中用蝌蚪作实验动物，在串场河不同地段采来的水样中染毒一周，测定其血红细胞微核率。实验结果表明，串场河水能诱发蝌蚪血红细胞微核率升高，与饮用水相比差异极显著。     

肝癌高发区饮用水对蝌蚪红细胞微核率影响的研究

采用蝌蚪红细胞微核实验对广西肝癌高发区４个点的饮用水进行致突变性研究。结果表明：４个点的微核率分别是对照组的３．３４、２．９７、２．４８和２．２９倍,差异非常显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）,并且红细胞微核率与当地居民肝癌死亡率呈正相关（ｒ＝０．９９４）     

肝部高发区饮用水对蝌蚪红细胞微核率影响的研究

采用蝌蚪红细胞微核实验对广西肝癌高发区４个点的饮用水进行致突变性研究。结果表明：４个点的微核率分别是对照组的３．３４、２．９７、２．４８和２．２９倍,差异非常显著（Ｐ〈０．０１）,并且红细胞微核率与当地居民肝癌死亡率呈正相关（ｒ＝０．９９４）。     

除草剂乙草胺对蝌蚪红细胞微核及核异常的影响

探讨除草剂乙草胺的遗传毒性。「方法」观察了乙草胺对中华大蟾蝌蚪外周血红细胞微核及核异常的影响。「结果」接触乙草胺１２ｈ的各浓度组（０．３１２５－１．０μＬ／Ｌ）微核细胞率及核异常细胞率均高于相应的对照组（Ｐ〈０．０５或Ｐ〈０．０１）,在一定浓度范围（０．６２５－０．２５μＬ／Ｌ）微核细胞率与浓度呈正相关。     

抚仙湖不同区域入湖河流水质对牛蛙蝌蚪红细胞微核的影响

目的了解抚仙湖生态环境水样的致突变性,为水域治理提供生物监测依据。方法于2009年4、5月采集路歧河、尖山河、山冲河、广南营、东大河、窑泥沟6个点的牛蛙蝌蚪进行红细胞微核试验,并与对照(经曝气后的自来水养殖)组进行对比。于2009年2—10月,采集各点的水样进行检测。结果与对照组比较,山冲河、广南营、东大河、窑泥沟采集的牛蛙蝌蚪外周血红细胞的微核率较高,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05或P0.01)。不同采集点牛蛙蝌蚪的微核率依次为窑泥沟东大河广南营山冲河路歧河尖山河。污染越严重的河流,其牛蛙蝌蚪外周血红细胞微核率也就越高。结论污染严重的入湖河流水质对牛蛙蝌蚪红细胞具有遗传毒性。     

电离辐射对放射工作人员外周血核异常淋巴细胞生成率的影响

采用微核试验检测放射工作人员及正常健康人群外周血核异常淋巴细胞，计算核异常淋巴细胞率（‰）。结果显示，射线暴露组各类核异常细胞率显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。提示电离辐射可导致细胞核形态结构异常。     

淄博市放射工作人员外周血淋巴细胞微核率分析

对978名放射工作人员(放射组)和408名非接触电离辐射或其他有毒有害作业因素的体检人员(对照组)进行外周血淋巴细胞微核率的分析。结果显示,放射人员微核细胞率及微核率高于对照组(P<0.05);放射作业中介入放射、核医学人员的年人均有效剂量显著高于放射诊断、放射治疗和工业探伤人员(P<0.05),女性微核细胞率及微核率高于男性(P<0.05),介入放射人员的微核细胞率及微核率明显高于放射诊断、放射治疗人员(P<0.05),核医学人员微核细胞率及微核率高于放射诊断、放射治疗人员(P<0.05);不同工龄放射工作人员之间的微核细胞率及微核率差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中工龄>20年的放射工作人员微核细胞率、微核率明显高于工龄≤10年、10～<20年人员(P<0.05)。提示低剂量电离辐射诱发的细胞遗传学损伤仍然存在,应进一步加强放射工作人员的个人防护。     

人造板材释放的甲醛对小鼠骨髓细胞微核率影响

目的 探讨不同浓度气态甲醛对暴露小鼠的骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核的诱发效应。方法用不同剂量气态甲醛对小鼠进行连续动态染毒处理72h，取小鼠骨髓细胞制片，观察小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核形成率，从而判断气态甲醛对小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核的诱发效应。结果经甲醛染毒处理后，小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率逐渐升高，与对照组相比有极显著性意义。结论甲醛可不同程度地影响小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞的微核形成率，并呈良好的剂量一效应关系。     

三氧化二砷对黄鳝外周血红细胞微核的影响

目的观察不同浓度的三氧化二砷对黄鳝外周血红细胞微核和核异常的影响.方法采用鱼类致突变实验方法,以0.25,0.50,0.75,1.00,1.50mg/kg不同剂量三氧化二砷处理黄鳝,测定黄鳝外周血红细胞微核率和核异常率、过氧化氢酶活性.结果 0.50mg/kg剂量组的微核率与核异常率均高于0.25mg/kg剂量组.0.75mg/kg剂量组的微核率与核异常率均下降,且低于阴性对照组,但无显著性差异(P＞0.05).剂量继续增加到1.00,1.50mg/kg时,其核异常率又显著回升,而微核率回升却并不显著.0.25～1.00mg/kg 4个剂量均使过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性增加.结论三氧化二砷对黄鳝外周血红细胞的作用具有双向性,且对CAT具有激活作用.     

观察全自动血球分析仪三分类检测静脉血和指血的结果

目的:对全自动血球分析仪三分类检测静脉血以及指血的具体效果进行对比分析。方法:将本院2017年7月~2018年7月所收治的86例住院患者设为本次实验研究对象,随机将其分为对照组以及试验组各43例,其中对照组采用指血行全自动血球分析仪三分类检测,试验组研究对象采用静脉血行全自动血球分析仪三分类检测,并对两组研究对象的血小板、红细胞平均体积、白细胞、血红蛋白等数据进行记录分析。结果:根据实验数据结果显示,两组研究对象在血小板、红细胞平均体积、白细胞、血红蛋白等数据比较上未见显著性差异,无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:在全自动血球分析仪三分类检测之中,采用静脉血或指血在血小板、红细胞平均体积、白细胞、血红蛋白比较上无明显差异,均能较为准确的反映患者的病情,不过静脉血在检测稳定性上更胜一筹,如条件允许的话,静脉血仍是全自动血球分析仪三分类检的首选。     

Impact of Distillery Soil Leachate on Haematology of Swiss Albino Mice (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Mus musculus</Emphasis>)

This study reports significant alterations in various haematological parameters such as red and white blood corpuscles counts, haemoglobin content and packed cell volume in adult Swiss albino mice orally administered with diluted distillery soil leachate (5%–20%) for 30 days. Soil leachate also affected red blood cell morphology (poikilocytosis). The haematology of exposed mice improved in the reversal groups. Present study infers contamination potential of distillery soil leachate in the groundwater.     

Impact of endosulfan on certain hematological and biochemical parameters of catfish Labeo fimbriatus: sublethal study

Hematological and biochemical parameters are routinely used as indicators of the physiological or sublethal stress response to endogenous or exogenous changes in fish. In this work, the sublethal toxic effects of endosulfan (0.002 mg l?1) on certain hematological and biochemical parameters of Labeo fimbriatus were examined for 28 days and the analyses were made on 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. Endosulfan caused significant lower value of red blood corpuscles (RBC), hemoglobin, plasma glucose, and protein levels when compared to the control groups (p < 0.05). However, white blood corpuscles (WBC) increased throughout the study period. The results indicate that a low amount of endosulfan alters the hematological and biochemical parameters of fish, which can be useful in diagnosing the structural and functional status of fish exposed to toxicants.     

亚硝酸钠对泥鳅红细胞的遗传损伤研究

[目的]研究亚硝酸钠在不同浓度和不同染毒时间对泥鳅红细胞的损害,观察改性竹炭-K对亚硝酸钠的吸附效果。[方法]用微核率评价亚硝酸钠对泥鳅的红细胞遗传损伤。[结果]亚硝酸钠的损害主要表现在微核率以及核变形率的增高,且在一定浓度范围内,随着浓度的升高和染毒时间的延长而越来越高。用改性竹炭-K对400mg/L的亚硝酸钠吸附处理,效果显著。[结论]亚硝酸钠对泥鳅的LD50为272mg/L;对泥鳅的遗传损伤表现为微核率和核变形率增高;改性竹炭-K对亚硝酸钠的吸附作用显著。     

Red cell folate and predicted neural tube defect rate in three Asian cities

BACKGROUND: Periconceptional folic acid reduces neural tube defect (NTD) risk. Red blood cell folate concentration is inversely associated with NTD risk. In many countries there is a lack of information on NTD rates. Red cell folate status in women of childbearing age may be a surrogate for NTD rates and may be helpful in identifying countries or regions most likely to benefit from improved folate status. OBJECTIVE: To predict NTD rates using red cell folate concentrations in women of childbearing age living in three Asian cities Design: Cross-sectional convenience samples of non-pregnant women living in Beijing (n=220), Kuala Lumpur (n=389), and Jakarta (n=129). RESULTS: Red cell folate concentrations were highest (p<0.001) in women from Jakarta at 872 nmol/L (95% CI; 833, 910) followed by Kuala Lumpur at 674 nmol/L (95% CI: 644, 704) and lowest in Beijing at 563 nmol/L (95% CI: 524, 601). Accordingly, predicted NTD rates were highest in Beijing at 30/10000 (95% CI: 27, 33), followed by Kuala Lumpur at 24/10000 (95% CI: 22, 25), and lowest in Jakarta at 15/10000 (95% CI: 14,15). CONCLUSION: Our red blood cell folate data suggests that of the three cities improving the folate status of women in Beijing would have the greatest impact on NTD rates.     

精氨酸对结肠,直肠癌病人免疫功能及肿瘤细胞增殖活性的影响

目的：研究精氨酸（Ａｒｇ）对结肠、直肠癌病人的免疫功能和肿瘤细胞增殖活性的影响。方法：结、直肠腺癌病人３０例，随机分为实验组、对照组。实验组每天静脉输注Ａｒｇ２５ｇ，连续３天。检测细胞免疫指标〔Ｔ细胞亚群（ＣＤ３＾＋、ＣＤ４＾＋、ＣＤ８＾＋）、ＮＫ细胞活性、淋巴细胞转化率〕、红细胞免疫指标〔红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环率（ＲＢＣ－Ｃ３ｂＲＲ）、红细胞免疫复合物花环率（ＲＢＣ－ＩＣＲ）〕、体液免疫指标（免疫     

Carnitine concentration of red blood cells

The presence of significant concentrations of carnitine in red blood cells is documented using an assay procedure that is described in detail. Red blood cells can be prepared for assay by simple techniques and stored frozen. The reproducibility of the assay procedure is within acceptable limits. Usefulness of the procedure in an experimental setting has been documented with an investigation of both plasma and red blood cell carnitine concentrations of rats of different ages. Earlier studies have demonstrated that plasma carnitine concentrations are two-fold higher in adult male rats than in adult female rats. In agreement with that data, the adult male rat has a red blood cell carnitine concentration which is two-fold higher than that of adult female rats.     

脐血干细胞培养过程中有核红细胞数量变化的实验研究

目的:对脐血干细胞进行液体和半固体细胞培养观察、记录有核红细胞增殖情况。方法:对脐血干细胞进行液体和半固体细胞培养,用流式细胞仪观察、记录有核红细胞增殖情况。结果:脐血液体培养经流式细胞仪检测,NRBC得率最大为20.0%,平均7.3%。结论:脐血干细胞培养可以获得较高的NRBC含量。     

163例育龄妇女血液叶酸水平检测结果分析

目的:了解育龄妇女血液叶酸水平,为制定叶酸预防出生缺陷方案提供依据。方法:取163名育龄妇女空腹静脉血4 m l,用电化学发光方法测定血清叶酸和红细胞叶酸水平。结果:血清叶酸和红细胞叶酸的平均水平分别为(9.71±4.16)ng/L和(529.18±194.25)ng/L,缺乏率分别为11.04%和1.23%。分别有53.99%和58.28%的妇女血清叶酸、红细胞叶酸水平小于预防神经管畸形最佳浓度,农村育龄妇女高达74.51%。结论:云南省育龄妇女叶酸缺乏率不高,但有1/2妇女血液叶酸水平小于预防神经管畸形最佳浓度,孕前应结合改变膳食结构健康教育加强叶酸的补充,并重点关注农村育龄妇女。     

Effect of ultradispersible powder of piezoelectric ceramics on the structure of a peripheral red blood cell population

Ultradispersible powder (UDP) of piezoelectric ceramics, which contains the oxides of lead, bismuth, chromium, etc. was tested for its effects on the structure of a peripheral red blood cell population in the staff maintaining the pilot commercial plants to manufacture piezoceramic UDP and in rats (by using an experimental model of chronic UDP intoxication). A number of general regularities of a red blood cell response to piezoelectric ceramic UDP were identified: despite the absence of visible changes in the values of red blood, there were significant peripheral erythrocytic structural changes shown as the decreased levels of diskocytes, the larger number of degenerative, prehemolytic, and transient forms of cells.