轻度认知功能障碍与脑白质弥散张量成像的相关性研究

目的通过磁共振弥散张量成像研究不同区域脑白质损害与轻度认知功能(MCI)的关系。方法纳入2015年7月至2016年2月我院的住院患者56例为研究对象,其中MCI组34例,认知功能正常组22例。所有研究对象进行一般情况检查,完成神经心理学量表检测。通过头颅磁共振弥散张量成像(DTI)检查对不同脑区白质纤维进行部分各向异性(FA)值测量。结果 MCI组患者与认知功能正常组相比,右侧额叶FA值(0.335±0.068)、左侧颞叶白质FA值(0.391±0.032)及胼胝体膝部FA值(0.658±0.053)降低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。将上述FA值和MMSE、Mo CA量表中各认知域进行典型相关分析,结果显示右侧额叶白质FA值与注意与计算力呈正相关,左侧颞叶白质和胼胝体膝部FA值与记忆力呈正相关(P0.05)。结论 MCI患者注意与计算力的障碍可能与右侧额叶白质损害有关,而左侧颞叶白质及胼胝体膝部白质的损害可能导致早期的记忆障碍。DTI可能成为超早期识别与诊断MCI的新方法。     

首发精神分裂症阳性症状为主型患者脑弥散张量成像研究

目的 探讨首发精神分裂症阳性症状为主型患者主要脑区白质纤维束有无异常.方法 对未系统使用过精神药物治疗的20例首发精神分裂症阳性症状为主型患者和20名正常对照进行磁共振弥散张量成像(DTI)扫描,测量胼胝体膝部、压部、双侧额叶白质、双侧扣带束前部和双侧海马头部分各向异性(FA)值.结果 ①患者组及对照组组内比较,左右侧FA值差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).②患者组左侧海马头和胼胝体压部FA值[(0.17±0.03),(0.73±0.09)]显著低于对照组[(0.20±0.02),(0.79±0.05)],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);③患者组左右侧扣带束前部FA值[(0.28±0.06),(0.29±0.05)]低于对照组[(0.43±0.07),(0.38±0.08)],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 首发精神分裂症阳性症状为主型患者双侧扣带束前部、胼胝体压部及左侧海马头的白质纤维束完整性受损,提示其可能存在脑神经发育连接异常.     

磁共振扩散张量成像在缺血缺氧脑病患儿中的临床应用

目的探讨磁共振扩散张量成像(DTI)在缺血缺氧脑病患儿中的应用价值。方法前瞻性纳入2016-12—2018-12于河南中医药大学第一附属医院行MRI头颅平扫及DTI检查的年龄2岁患儿40例,所有患儿在围生期均有缺氧缺血脑病史,根据最终随访结果分为脑瘫组及非脑瘫组各20例。测量双侧大脑脚、内囊前肢、内囊膝部、内囊后肢、半卵圆中心、皮质脊髓束、下纵束、丘脑后辐射、额叶白质、顶叶白质、胼胝体膝部、胼胝体体部及胼胝体压部的FA值。结果 2组间双侧大脑脚、内囊后肢、半卵圆中心、皮质脊髓束、下纵束、丘脑后辐射、顶叶白质、胼胝体膝部、胼胝体体部、胼胝体压部FA值差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),而双侧内囊前肢、内囊膝部、额叶白质FA值差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 DTI可以定量评估缺血缺氧脑病患儿的损伤程度,有助于早期评估病情及预测预后。     

首发偏执型精神分裂症患者的脑白质磁共振弥散张量成像研究

目的探讨首发未用药的偏执型精神分裂症患者的多个脑区白质磁共振弥散张量成像(diffusion tensor imaging,DTI)的特点,以期为精神分裂症"脑内连接异常的假说"提供依据。方法选取20例首发偏执型精神分裂症患者,应用DTI扫描,检测脑内21个感兴趣区(regions of interest,ROI)白质纤维的微细结构,并与20名年龄、性别和文化程度相匹配的正常对照比较。结果患者组额叶、内囊前肢、外囊的左右两侧FA值和左侧颞叶、左侧内囊膝部、胼胝体膝部FA值小于对照组(P0.05)。患者组额叶左右侧FA值差异无统计学意义(P0.05),而对照组左侧大于右侧(P0.05);患者组内囊膝部和后肢FA值右侧大于左侧(P0.05),而对照组左侧大于右侧(P0.05)。患者组双侧外囊FA值均小于对照组(P0.05)。结论未用药首发偏执型精神分裂症患者脑内多个白质区部分各向异性降低,尤其是额叶皮层下环路更加显著,数个白质区部分各向异性的正常"左右"的偏侧性缺失或倒置,支持精神分裂症脑内连接异常的神经病理假说。     

OSAHS患者认知功能与磁共振弥散张量成像的相关性分析

目的分析阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome,OSAHS)患者认知功能与磁共振弥散张量成像(diffusion tensor imaging,DTI)相关性。方法选取2016年08月至2019年07月在海南医学院第二附属医院诊治的40例OSAHS患者(中度组20例,重度组20例)及同期健康志愿者20例(对照组),行常规MRI及DTI检查,并填写中文版简易智能精神状态检查量表(minimentalstateexamination,MMSE),对三组入选者资料进行相关性分析。结果(1)三组入选者在记忆力、注意力和计算力、回忆能力及MMSE总分见比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);(2)OSAHS中度组与重度组患者双侧额叶白质、前扣带回、后角周围白质及海马旁回等解剖结构的FA值分别与对照组比较明显降低(P0.0167);OSAHS中度组与重度组患者双侧额叶白质、前扣带回及后角周围白质等解剖结构的ADC值分别与对照组比较明显升高(P0.0167);(3)控制年龄、文化程度后选取右侧半球额叶白质、前扣带回、后角周围白质及海马旁回进行分析。记忆力与右侧额叶白质、前扣带回及海马旁回FA值呈正相关(r=0.526、0.467及0.573,P均0.05);注意力和计算力与右侧额叶白质及前扣带回FA值呈正相关(r=0.354、0.387,均P0.05);回忆能力与右侧额叶白质、前扣带回及海马旁回FA值呈正相关(r=0.475、0.375及0.377,均P0.05)。结论DTI是一种非侵入性评价现脑白质完整性、致密性及平行性的影像学检查方法,与MMSE量表结合可反映OSAHS患者认知功能损害程度。OSAHS患者存在多种不同走向的白质纤维受损,记忆力、注意力和计算力、回忆能力受损程度与右侧额叶白质、前扣带回及海马旁回受损程度呈正相关。     

精神分裂症首次发病患者的脑扩散张量成像研究

目的 利用磁共振扩散张量成像(DTI)技术研究未经药物治疗的精神分裂症首次发病(以下简称首发)患者主要脑区白质纤维束的异常.方法 选取26例首发精神分裂症患者(患者组)和20名健康志愿者(对照组)行脑DTI扫描(两组均为右利手),测量胼胝体膝部、压部、双侧额叶白质、扣带束前部及海马头的部分各向异性(FA)值.结果 (1)对照组左侧扣带束FA值(0.428±0.067)大于右侧(0.375±0.079;P＜0.05).(2)患者组两侧相对应感兴趣区FA值差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).(3)患者组左右侧胼胝体压部FA值(均为0.734±0.085)、左右侧扣带束前部FA值(0.300±0.068和0.306 4±0.062)均低于对照组(0.785±0.045,0.428±0.067,0.375±0.079;均P＜0.05).结论 首发精神分裂症患者存在双侧扣带束、胼胝体压部白质纤维束的受损,支持脑内连接异常假说.     

MRI正常额叶癫(癎)患者的MR扩散张量成像研究

目的应用MR扩散张量成像（DTI）技术探讨MRI正常的额叶癫痢患者与运动相关白质是否存在隐匿性病变。方法对临床确诊的16例MRI正常的额叶癫痫患者发作间期和30例健康志愿者行常规MRI和DTI检查,定量测量额叶皮层下白质、胼胝体膝部和压部、内囊前肢和后肢及外囊的平均扩散系数（DCavg）和部分各向异性（FA）值,并进行统计学分析。结果MRI正常的额叶癫痴患者额叶皮层下白质、胼胝体膝部区域的DCavg值显著高于正常人（P〈0．01）,皮层下白质的FA值显著低于正常人（P〈0．01）,胼胝体膝部的FA与正常人无差异。结论MRI正常的额叶癫痫患者存在额叶隐匿性损害DTI为发现致痢灶提供理论依据,具有临床应用价值。     

皮质下缺血性血管性认知损害扩散张量成像研究

目的通过扩散张量成像(DTI)探讨皮质下缺血性血管性认知损害患者白质微结构变化及其与认知功能之间的相关性。方法采集49例皮质下缺血性脑血管病患者[轻度血管性痴呆(VaD)10例、非痴呆型血管性认知损害(VCIND)20例、认知功能正常19例]DTI数据并观察皮质下白质微结构改变,分析VaD组患者DTI参数与认知功能间的相关性。结果与对照组相比,VaD组内侧前额叶、前扣带回、胼胝体干、双侧顶叶、右侧颞叶、双侧眶额叶,以及VCIND组右侧额下回、右侧海马、双侧楔前叶FA值减低(均P=0.000);与VCIND组比较,VaD组内侧前额叶、前扣带回、胼胝体、双侧顶叶、右侧颞叶FA值减低(P=0.000)。与对照组相比,VaD组内侧前额叶、胼胝体、双侧顶叶、双侧颞叶、前扣带回,以及VCIND组双侧楔前叶、右侧海马MD值升高(均P=0.000);与VCIND组相比,VaD组右侧内侧前额叶、前扣带回、胼胝体干、双侧顶叶、双侧颞叶MD值升高(均P=0.000)。VaD组内侧前额叶FA值与数字连线测验A时呈显著负相关(r=-0.782,P=0.007),双侧额下回MD值与数字连线试验A时程呈显著正相关(r=0.877,P=0.001)。结论 DTI对皮质下缺血性认知损害患者白质微结构改变更敏感,能够反映患者认知功能早期异常改变;内侧前额叶白质微结构的改变是影响患者执行能力的重要因素。     

轻度创伤性脑损伤后脑组织微环境变化:多模态磁共振成像研究

目的探讨弥散张量成像(DTI)联合磁共振波谱(MRS)及磁敏感加权成像(SWI)的功能磁共振成像方法,在评估轻度创伤性脑损伤(mTBI)脑组织代谢及微结构变化的应用价值,为临床制定相应的治疗方案提供影像学参考。方法纳入21例mTBI患者和16例健康志愿者,mTBI患者在伤后4～72 h内接受T1WI、T2WI、FLAIR、DTI、MRS及SWI序列扫描,通过各序列图像及参数值评估mTBI患者伤侧脑组织和对照组内囊前肢、内囊后肢、胼胝体膝部、胼胝体压部、扣带回、半卵圆中心、额叶白质及视辐射的差异。结果两组FA值比较,仅胼胝体压部差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。mTBI组胼胝体膝部NAA/Cr值低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。mTBI组内囊后肢和胼胝体膝部Cho/Cr值均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05或0.01)。结论 FA值及NAA、Cho、Cr值能测定mTBI后脑组织水分子扩散及代谢情况,DTI联合MRS及SWI可以作为一项客观指标,定量评估mTBI患者的病情及预后。     

皮质下缺血性血管性痴呆患者脑白质损害的磁共振弥散张量成像研究

目的:应用磁共振弥散张量成像技术(DTI)观察皮质下缺血性血管性痴呆(SIVD)患者脑白质损害程度,探讨DTI对SIVD白质损害的评估及与阿尔茨海默病(AD)鉴别诊断价值。方法:研究对象分为3组,分别是健康老年人(NC)、皮质下缺血性血管性痴呆(SIVD)患者、AD患者,每组各20例。行常规MR I和DTI扫描后,测定相同感兴趣区(RO I)的各向异性分数(FA)值和表观扩散系数(ADC)值进行比较。结果:SIVD组下额枕束、胼胝体膝部、胼胝体压部、上纵束等部位FA值下降,ADC值升高,与NC、AD组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与NC组比较,AD组前额叶、颞叶、海马、下额枕束、胼胝体膝部和扣带束等部位FA值降低,颞叶、海马等部位ADC值升高,两组差异具有显著性(P<0.05);结论:DTI可以用来评估痴呆患者白质损害的程度,SIVD患者以下额枕束、胼胝体膝部、胼胝体压部、上纵束等部位受累为主,可作为与AD鉴别的客观指标。     

创伤后应激障碍患者扣带束及胼胝体纤维束FA值的初步研究

目的探讨创伤后应激障碍患者(PTSD)是否存在连合纤维束胼胝体及联络纤维扣带纤维束的超微结构异常。方法1.5T的MR成像仪下对12例PTSD患者及12名正常对照进行磁共振弥散张量成像(DTI),测量受试者胼胝体膝部、体部、压部、及双侧扣带水平部、后部等感兴趣区内主要白质纤维束的各向异性分数(FA)值,并进行组间比较。结果患者组双侧(左侧、右侧)扣带束水平部、胼胝体压部的FA值较对照组明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(t分别为3.26、-4.13、2.84,P均小于0.05)。结论PTSD患者的边缘系统纤维束可能存在结构异常。     

轻微型肝性脑病磁共振扩散加权成像和扩散张量成像的定量研究

目的通过磁共振扩散加权成像(DWI)和扩散张量成像(DTI)定量分析轻微型肝性脑病(MHE)患者脑功能的异常改变,探讨DWI和DTI在MHE中的应用价值。方法30例肝硬化患者经神经心理测试评分量表测试后,分为MHE组16例和无MHE单纯肝硬化组14例,同时选取15例健康志愿者为正常对照组。所有受试者均行DWI与DTI扫描,选取脑内8个部位为感兴趣区,计算各部位的表观扩散系数(ADC)值和各向异性分数(FA)值。结果18例肝硬化患者于T1WI图像上可见到双侧内囊、苍白球对称性高信号。额叶、枕叶白质、胼胝体膝部、胼胝体压部、内囊前肢、内囊后肢、尾状核头部由正常组、单纯肝硬化组至MHE组ADC值逐渐增加,且MHE组的ADC值较肝硬化组和正常组增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);胼胝体膝部和压部的FA值由正常组、单纯肝硬化组至MHE组逐渐降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论DWI与DTI联合应用能够预测肝硬化患者MHE的进展程度,具有潜在的临床价值。     

Difference of the hippocampal and white matter microalterations in MCI patients according to the severity of subcortical vascular changes: neuropsychological correlates of diffusion tensor imaging

OBJECTIVES: Most imaging studies of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) have focused on gray matter alterations, although many MCI patients demonstrate subcortical vascular changes. We investigated the changes of the hippocampal area and various white matter areas in MCI patients with using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), according to the severity of subcortical vascular changes, and we then correlated the DTI findings with the neuropsychological results. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Among the 40 MCI patients, the 21 non-vascular MCI (nvMCI) and 19 vascular MCI (vMCI) patients were subdivided according to Erkinjuntti's imaging criteria. The mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) were compared in the bilateral temporal, frontal, parietal and occipital white matter regions, as well as in the bilateral hippocampi, centrum semiovale, and the midline genu and splenum of the corpus callosum among the nvMCI and vMCI patients and the 17 controls. The neuropsychological findings were also compared between the subgroups. RESULTS: All the MCI patients showed decreased FA and increased MD in all the regions except the occipital areas. In the parietal regions and centrum semiovale, the vMCI patients had a greater FA decrease than the nvMCI patients and controls. In the hippocampi, the FA was lowest in the nvMCI patients. The memory function in the nvMCI patients was more impaired than that in the vMCI patients. The vMCI patients showed impairment of the visuospatial and frontal executive functions. CONCLUSION: We were able to correlate the microstructural alterations with the neuropsychological findings in the MCI subgroups.     

Reduced white matter fractional anisotropy and clinical symptoms in schizophrenia: a voxel-based diffusion tensor imaging study

Although not consistently replicated, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies in schizophrenia have revealed lower fractional anisotropy (FA) in various white matter regions, a finding consistent with the disruption of white matter integrity. In this study, we used voxel-based DTI to investigate possible whole-brain differences in the white matter FA values between 58 schizophrenia patients and 58 healthy controls. We also explored the association between FA values and clinical symptoms in schizophrenia. Compared with the controls, the schizophrenia patients showed significant FA reductions in bilateral superior longitudinal fasciculus, bilateral inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, and genu of right internal capsule. Furthermore, in the patient group, the FA value of the anterior part of the corpus callosum was negatively correlated with the avolition score on the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms. These findings suggest widespread disruption of white matter integrity in schizophrenia, which could partly explain the severity of negative symptomatology.     

ERP联合DTI对脑小血管病相关认知功能障碍的初步研究

目的 探讨事件相关诱发电位(Event-related potential,ERP)联合弥散张量成像(Diffusion tensor imaging,DTI)在脑小血管病(Cerebral small vessel disease,CSVD)相关认知功能障碍评估中的应用价值。方法 选取2020年1月-2021年1月本院收治的CSVD患者100例,采用蒙特利尔认知评估量表(Montreal cognitive assessment scale,MoCA)对患者的认知功能进行评估,根据MoCA评分将患者分为认知功能障碍组(MoCA<26分,n=50)和对照组(MoCA≥26分,n=50); 所有患者均接受ERP和DTI检查,比较2组患者的一般资料、实验室指标水平、ERP和DTI相关参数水平的差异,评估ERP,DTI及其联合检测对CSVD相关认知功能障碍的诊断价值。结果 认知功能障碍组的高血压病的发生率明显高于对照组,MoCA、简易精神状态量表(Mini-mental state examination,MMSE)评分明显低于对照组,血清碱性磷酸酶(Alkaline phosphatase,ALP)、同型半胱氨酸水平明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。认知功能障碍组患者的P300潜伏期明显长于对照组,P300波幅明显小于对照组(P<0.05); 认知功能障碍组双侧半卵圆中心、双侧额叶、胼胝体膝部和胼胝体压部的各向异性分数(Fractional anisotropy,FA)值均明显小于对照组(P<0.05),双侧半卵圆中心、双侧额叶的平均弥散率(Mean diffusivity,MD)值明显大于对照组(P<0.05); 患者P300潜伏期、双侧半卵圆中心、双侧额叶、胼胝体膝部和胼胝体压部的FA值与MoCA,MMSE评分呈正相关(r≥0.203,P<0.05); P300波幅、双侧半卵圆中心、双侧额叶的MD值与MoCA,MMSE评分呈负相关(r≤-0.038,P<0.05); 患者双侧额叶FA值与P300潜伏期呈负相关(r=-0.274、-0.318,P<0.05),与P300波幅呈正相关(r=0.248、0.256,P<0.05); 双侧额叶MD值与P300潜伏期呈正相关(r=0.213、0.207,P<0.05),与P300波幅呈负相关(r=-0.327、-0.318,P<0.05)。结论 CSVD患者认知功能障碍的发生与脑微结构病变及电生理改变有关,ERP联合DTI检查或可作为CSVD相关认知功能障碍早期诊断的定量评估指标。     

Ultrastructural hippocampal and white matter alterations in mild cognitive impairment: a diffusion tensor imaging study

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is considered to be a transitional stage between normal aging and dementia. In Alzheimer's disease (AD), white matter structural pathology is due to Wallerian degeneration and central angiopathy. However, in MCI patients, the presence and extent of white matter alterations as a possible correlate of impaired memory function and as predictor of subsequent progression to AD is not clarified yet. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) reveals the ultrastructural integrity of cerebral white matter tracts. Therefore, it could detect pathological processes that modify tissue integrity in patients with MCI. In our prospective study, conventional and diffusion tensor MR scans were obtained from 14 patients with MCI, 19 patients with AD, and 10 healthy controls. Mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) were measured in temporal, frontal, parietal and occipital white matter regions as well as in the corpus callosum (genu and splenium) and the hippocampus. MCI patients showed higher MD values in the left centrum semiovale (p = 0.013; right: p = 0.026), in the left temporal (p = 0.006), the right temporal (p = 0.014) and the left hippocampal (p = 0.002) region as compared to the control group. FA values of MCI patients and controls did not differ significantly in any region. Compared to controls, AD patients had increased MD values in the left centrum semiovale (p = 0.012), the left parietal (p = 0.001), the right parietal (p = 0.028), the left temporal (p = 0.018), the right temporal (p = 0.011) and the left hippocampal region (p = 0.002). Decreased FA values were measured in the left temporal area (p = 0.017) and in the left hippocampus (p = 0.031) in AD patients compared to controls. FA and MD values did not differ significantly between AD and MCI patients. Elevated MD values indicating brain tissue alterations in MCI patients were found in regions that are typically involved in early changes due to AD, particularly the left hippocampus. The sensitivity of distinguishing MCI patients from controls was 71.4% (with a specificity set at 80%). Therefore, the DTI technique validates the MCI concept, and diffusion tensor MR measurement can be a helpful tool to quantify MCI pathology in vivo.     

Magnetisation transfer of normal appearing white matter in primary progressive multiple sclerosis.

Patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis may develop severe disability despite a paucity of lesions on conventional magnetic resonance imaging, raising the possibility that intrinsic changes in normal appearing white matter (NAWM) contribute to disability. This study has measured magnetisation transfer ratio (MTR), an index of tissue damage, of NAWM in 52 patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis and 26 healthy controls. Absolute values of MTR were obtained from the genu of the corpus callosum and pons, and mean values were calculated from bilateral regions in the centrum semiovale, frontal white matter, parieto-occipital white matter and posterior limb of the internal capsule. The median MTR was lower in all regions in patients compared to controls. Median values (per cent units) were significantly lower in corpus callosum (39.73 vs 40.63; P=0.01), frontal white matter (39.11 vs 39.59; P=0.01) and centrum semiovale (37.21 vs37.82; P<0.05). This study has demonstrated small but widespread decreases in MTR in NAWM in primary progressive multiple sclerosis supporting the hypothesis that there are intrinsic changes in NAWM which may contribute to disability in this patient group.     

Grey and white matter abnormalities in temporal lobe epilepsy with and without mesial temporal sclerosis

Temporal lobe epilepsy with (TLE-mts) and without (TLE-no) mesial temporal sclerosis display different patterns of cortical neuronal loss, suggesting that the distribution of white matter damage may also differ between the sub-groups. The purpose of this study was to examine patterns of white matter damage in TLE-mts and TLE-no and to determine if identified changes are related to neuronal loss at the presumed seizure focus. The 4 T diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and T1-weighted data were acquired for 22 TLE-mts, 21 TLE-no and 31 healthy controls. Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) was used to compare fractional anisotropy (FA) maps and voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was used to identify grey matter (GM) volume atrophy. Correlation analysis was conducted between the FA maps and neuronal loss at the presumed seizure focus. In TLE-mts, reduced FA was identified in the genu, body and splenium of the corpus callosum, bilateral corona radiata, cingulum, external capsule, ipsilateral internal capsule and uncinate fasciculus. In TLE-no, FA decreases were identified in the genu, the body of the corpus callosum and ipsilateral anterior corona radiata. The FA positively correlated with ipsilateral hippocampal volume. Widespread extra-focal GM atrophy was associated with both sub-groups. Despite widespread and extensive GM atrophy displaying different anatomical patterns in both sub-groups, TLE-mts demonstrated more extensive FA abnormalities than TLE-no. The microstructural organization in the corpus callosum was related to hippocampal volume in both patients and healthy subjects demonstrating the association of these distal regions.     

Effect of DAOA genetic variation on white matter alteration in corpus callosum in patients with first-episode schizophrenia

D-amino acid oxidase activator (DAOA) gene, which plays a crucial role in the process of glutamatergic transmission and mitochondrial function, is frequently linked with the liability for schizophrenia. We aimed to investigate whether the variation of DAOA rs2391191 is associated with alterations in white matter integrity of first-episode schizophrenia (FES) patients; and whether it influences the association between white matter integrity, cognitive function and clinical symptoms of schizophrenia. Forty-six patients with FES and forty-nine healthy controls underwent DTI and were genotyped for DAOA rs2391191. Psychopathological assessments were performed by Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS). Cognitive function was assessed by MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB). Schizophrenia patients presented lower fractional anisotropy (FA) and higher radial diffusivity (RD), mainly spreading over the corpus callosum and corona radiata compared with healthy controls. Compared with patients carrying G allele, patients with AA showed lower FA in the body of corpus callosum, and higher RD in the genu of corpus callosum, right superior and anterior corona radiata, and left posterior corona radiata. In patients carrying G allele, FA in body of corpus callosum was positively correlated with working memory, RD in genu of corpus callosum was negatively associated with the speed of processing, working memory, and the composite score of MCCB, while no significant correlations were found in AA homozygotes. In our study, patients with FES presented abnormal white matter integrity in corpus callosum and corona radiata. Furthermore, this abnormality was associated with the genetic variation of DAOA rs2391191, with AA homozygotes showing less white matter integrity in the corpus callosum. Our findings possibly provide further support to the evidence that DAOA regulates the process of glutamatergic neurotransmission and mitochondrial function in the pathophysiological mechanism of schizophrenia.