~(89)SrC1_2治疗骨转移瘤患者的护理体会

目的:总结89SrC12治疗肿瘤多发骨转移的治疗措施和护理体会。方法:对42例骨转移瘤患者静脉注射89SrC12,观察治疗前、后疼痛情况及不良反应,采用心理护理、操作护理、骨痛护理等方法对患者进行护理。结果:42例患者疼痛完全缓解5例,部分缓解13例,轻微缓解18例,总有效率为85.7%。骨痛缓解出现在注药后1～2周,约持续3～6个月。7例治疗后1周左右出现一过性骨痛加重,对症治疗后症状逐渐好转。结论:89SrC12能有效缓解转移性骨痛,完善并加强治疗前、后的护理工作,有利于患者建立良好的心理基础,以助减轻患者疼痛。     

^89SrCl加博宁治疗多发性骨转移癌骨痛30例临床观察

近年来我们应用^89SrCl亲骨性核索结合博宁治疗多发性骨转移癌骨痛30例，疗效满意，现报道如下： 1临床资料 本组30例经ECT、CT、MRI检查诊确诊为多发性骨转移癌病人，原发癌中，鼻咽癌5例，肺癌9例，乳腺癌6例，前列腺癌4例，胃癌5例肝癌1例。男20例，女10例，平均年龄52岁。其中6例经3个以上疗程治疗，11例为2个疗程治疗，13例1个疗程治疗，治疗间歇最短4个月，最长11个月。     

帕米膦酸二钠联合化疗治疗骨转移癌的疗效观察

目的：观察帕米膦酸二钠(博宁)联合化疗，治疗骨转移癌的止痛效果及修复溶骨性病灶的疗效。方法：30例骨转移癌，其中肺癌14例，乳腺癌12例，肾癌2例，鼻咽癌1例，多发性骨髓瘤1例，均经病理和／或细胞学确诊为恶性肿瘤并经X线或CT、ECT检查证实的单发性或多发性骨转移，临床症状均有不同程度骨痛，部分伴有功能障碍，均为复治病例。在化疗前应用博宁60mg溶于500ml生理盐水中，静滴，维持4h以上，连用3d结束。开始给予全身化疗，3周后重复应用，21d为1个周期，3周期为1个疗程，2疗程后评价疗效。结果：CR10例、PR9例、MR7例、NR4例。CR PR MR总有效率86．6％。骨转移溶骨性病灶治疗后有效率，CR1例、PR6例、NC18例、PD5例。CR PR，总有效率23．3％。博宁应用中少数病人有胃肠道反应及发热外，一次性骨痛症状加重者2例，未见其他明显毒副反应。结论：博宁能较好控制骨转移性疼痛，及修复骨溶性病灶，减少或延缓溶骨性肌并发症的发生。是一种安全有效、耐受良好的药物，早期、重复、多疗程应用及联合化疗可明显改善骨转移患者疼痛，提高生存质量，延长生存期。     

89SrCl2治疗多发性骨转移癌28例临床疗效

恶性肿瘤患者发生骨转移的概率比较高，尤其是肺癌、乳腺癌和前列腺癌患者有半数以上最终会发生骨转移。一旦骨转移，减轻骨疼痛及提高患者生存质量将是临床医师面临的主要问题。外照射治疗能有效缓解骨癌疼痛，但对于多发性骨转移癌放疗作用是有限的。近几年应用核素治疗，即注射一种具有高度亲骨性放射性药物对肿瘤骨转移灶作内照射治疗，取得较好止痛效果。笔者2000年5月～2003年9月采用^89SrCl2治疗多发性骨转移癌28例，报告如下。     

188Re-HEDP治疗转移性骨癌的疗效评价

目的：观察^188铼-羟基亚乙基二膦酸盐(^188Re-HEDP)治疗转移性骨癌的临床疗效。方法：用^188Re-HEDP对58例骨转移癌患者进行治疗。结果：治疗后骨痛基本消失14例(24．1％),骨痛明显缓解36例(62．1%),疼痛缓解的总有效率为86．2％(50／58)。治疗后转移灶完全消失1例,转移灶减少或缩小在50％以上1例,转移灶减少或缩小在25％以上4例,转移灶消失或缩小的总有效率为10．3％(6／58)。结论：8Re-HEDP对转移性骨癌所致骨痛有明显的疗效。     

89Sr内照射联合博宁治疗转移性骨痛

目的: 评价89Sr内照射联合博宁治疗转移性骨痛的疗效. 方法: 88例转移性骨痛患者分为3组,分别为89Sr内照射组(29例)、博宁组(39例)和89Sr内照射+博宁组(20例),观察止痛效果和毒副反应. 结果: 89Sr内照射组、博宁组和89Sr内照射+博宁组骨痛缓解的有效率分别为72.4%, 69.2%和95.0%,89Sr内照射+博宁组与其他两组比较均有显著性差异(P<0.05);3组均无明显的毒副反应. 结论: 89Sr内照射联合博宁是目前治疗转移性骨痛的优选方案.     

博宁治疗骨转移癌疼痛的疗效观察

骨是恶性肿瘤转移的好发部位 ,骨转移癌主要症状是骨痛 ,随着恶性肿瘤患者生存期不断延长 ,转移性的骨癌也日益多见 ,由于疼痛、功能障碍影响患者生活质量 ,并给患者带来了痛苦。我科 1998年 3月～ 2 0 0 0年 3月采用博宁治疗 31例转移性骨癌 ,收到了良好效果 ,报道如下。1　资料与方法1.1　临床资料　 31例中 ,男 2 7例 ,女 4例 ,年龄 40～ 76岁 ,平均 5 8.8岁。原发病变为肺癌 2 2例 ,食管癌 6例 ,鼻咽癌1例 ,乳腺癌 2例。其中 8例经病理活检确诊 ,2 3例在原发肿瘤已明确诊断的基础上 ,经影像学 (Ｘ线片、ＣＴ)和ＥＣＴ证实为骨转移 ,全组…     

博宁治疗骨转移癌引起疼痛的疗效观察

目的：观察帕米膦酸钠（博宁）治疗骨转移癌引起疼痛的效果。方法：对30例确诊骨转移癌病人静脉滴注博宁90mg,4周重复,共6次。结果：止痛显效10例,有效14例,无效6例,有效率80％（24／30）。获效时间1－26d,73.3%患者在两周内获效。出现副作用有3例,注药后次日发热38－38．7℃。结论：博宁治疗骨转移癌引起的疼痛有良好的止痛效果。     

89SrCl2治疗转移性骨肿瘤65例疗效分析

目的探讨^89SRCl2治疗转移性骨肿瘤的临床应用价值和特点。方法65例有不同程度骨痛、伴或不伴活动受限的广泛转移性骨肿瘤患者，静脉注射。^89SrCl2 1．48～2．22MBq／kg。随访时间最短3个月，最长2年。结果^89SrCl2治疗后无效（疼痛无明显变化。活动能力无改善）10例，占15．4％；有效（疼痛明显减轻，活动能力有改善）48例，占73．8％；显效（疼痛基本消失，活动能力明显恢复）7例，占10．8％。总有效率为84．6％。疗效发生在^89SrCl2治疗后1～42d（大多在14d内），疗效维持56d～11个月以上（大多数为4～8个月）。部分患者复查骨显像显示，原异常浓聚影明显缩小、减少和（或）消失。69．8％患者在接受^89SrCl2治疗后的4～6周白细胞和血小板计数有轻、中度下降，46．5％曾下降至正常水平以下。经对症处理后，大多数患者在3～6个月内，1／3的患者在7～9个月内，个别患者在1年左右恢复到治疗前水平。血象的变化与疗效无明显相关性。结论^89SrCl2可以安全、有效地缓解骨转移癌所致疼痛，大多数患者的生活质量有所改善，部分患者病灶缩小或消失。     

^89Sr联合“云克”治疗多发性骨转移癌的临床观察

目的评价^89Sr与＂云克＂联合应用治疗多发性骨转移癌的疗效。方法各种骨转移132例,随机分组治疗,第一组42例患者仅静脉注射^89Sr,3～4mCi;第二组50例患者^89Sr联合＂云克＂治疗,^89Sr用量不变,并与静脉注射^89Sr后的第5d开始用＂云克＂连续5d;第三组40例患者静脉滴注博宁,10d一疗程。结果第一组镇痛有效率为71.4%,疼痛缓解持续时间平均14±2周。第二组联合用药组镇痛有效率达88%,疼痛缓解持续时间平均18±2.5周。第三组镇痛有效率42.5%,疼痛缓解持续时间平均2周。3组疗效有显著统计学差异（P〈0.05）。结论不论＂博宁＂、89Sr单独使用还是与‘云克’联合用药都是治疗多发骨转移的有效止痛方法,相比之下,联合用药可明显提高镇痛疗效。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.