拇长伸肌腱自发性断裂19例的临床治疗

目的 探讨拇长伸肌腱自发性断裂的病因及治疗方法.方法 2015年5月-2020年1月,采用示指固有伸肌腱转位及掌长肌腱游离移植对19例拇长伸肌腱自发性断裂进行修复.结果 术后19例获随访4～24个月,平均6个月.拇指指间关节背伸0°～5°,屈曲35°～45°.按SEEM评分标准,示指固有伸肌腱移位重建拇长伸肌腱12例,...     

改良法重建拇长伸肌腱功能的疗效观察

目的通过与传统示指固有伸肌腱转移术比较,探讨改良法重建拇长伸肌腱功能的疗效。方法 2009年1月-2011年12月,采用改良法重建拇长伸肌腱功能治疗11例拇长伸肌腱自发性断裂患者(改良组)。手术在传统术式基础上,增加对拇长伸肌腱近侧断端与示指固有伸肌腱加固缝合,以及示指固有伸肌腱远端环绕拇短伸肌腱反折缝合。术后采用SEEM(specific EI-EPL evaluation method)评价方法评定手术疗效,并与同期采用传统示指固有伸肌腱转移术治疗的18例患者(传统组)进行比较。两组患者性别、年龄、病程及致伤原因等一般资料比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。结果术后两组患者切口均Ⅰ期愈合。传统组5例失访,其余患者均获随访,随访时间8个月～2年6个月,平均1年6个月。末次随访时根据SEEM评价方法,改良组拇指抬高丢失及屈曲丢失均显著小于传统组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);示指单独背伸丢失与传统组相似(P>0.05)。改良组获优9例,良2例,优良率100%;传统组获优5例,良6例,可2例,优良率为84.6%;两组优良率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=0.03,P=0.03)。结论与传统示指固有伸肌腱转移术相比,改良法重建拇长伸肌腱功能手术操作简便,增加了转移肌腱力量,近期疗效满意,但远期疗效需进一步随访。     

食指固有伸肌腱移位重建拇长伸肌功能及评价

目的评价采用食指固有伸肌腱移位重建拇长伸肌功能的临床疗效. 方法对1978年8月～2003年3月以食指固有伸肌移位重建拇长伸肌功能的46例患者进行随访、评价.其中男32例,女14例.年龄16～51岁,平均36岁.外伤陈旧性断裂24例,继发性断裂22例.病程2天～5个月,平均74天. 结果 41例获7个月～23年随访,平均9年3个月.术后拇指抬高丢失0～2.2 cm,平均1.8 cm;拇指屈曲丢失0～3 cm,平均1.6 cm;食指均能单独背伸,背伸丢失0～8度,平均5度.按SEEM评分标准:优29例,良10例,可2例,优良率达95%. 结论食指固有伸肌腱移位重建拇长伸肌功能是一种简便、有效的方法,采用SEEM评价标准使评价结果更加客观和合理.     

示指固有伸肌腱转位修复重建V区拇长伸肌腱自发性断裂临床研究

目的 探讨示指固有伸肌腱转位修复重建V区拇长伸肌腱自发性断裂的临床效果.方法从2010年5月至2012年5月,本院共收治拇长伸肌腱V区自发性断裂21例,半随机分为2组,治疗组11例采用示指固有伸肌腱转位修复重建,对照组10例采用掌长肌腱移植修复.结果根据TAM评价标准,治疗组11例治疗效果优7例（63.6%）,良4例（36.4%）,差0例,对照组10例中优4例（40%）,良4例（40%）,差2例（20%）,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.结论采用示指固有伸肌腱转位修复重建拇长伸肌腱自发断裂效果满意.     

掌长肌腱移植与示指固有伸肌腱转位治疗拇长伸肌腱自发性断裂的疗效对比

目的 探讨并对比掌长肌腱移植与示指固有伸肌腱转位修复拇长伸肌腱自发性断裂的临床疗效。方法 对2017年2月-2020年12月收治的46例自发性拇长伸肌腱断裂患者,按手术方式分为掌长肌腱移植组与示指固有伸肌腱转位组,术后均予外展背伸位被动支具固定3周,逐步行患指主被动功能训练,定期随访。结果 两组术后均获随访4~8个月,平均5个月。根据TAM评价标准,掌长肌腱移植组与示指固有伸肌腱转位组术后均取得了较为明显的临床疗效,两组在优、良、中数量以及优良率(TAM等级优+良占总比)差异上无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 掌长肌腱移植与示指固有伸肌腱转位是治疗自发性拇长伸肌腱断裂的两种有效术式,临床治疗效果满意,疗效上无明显差异。     

指伸肌腱变异一例报告

患者　男 ,2 0岁。右腕部正中神经损伤后致拇外展功能丧失 1年 ,于 2 0 0 0年 11月入院作拇对掌功能重建术 (示指固有伸肌腱移位重建拇外展功能 )。术前检查 :示指固有伸肌腱肌力为Ｍ5。术中发现 :第二掌指关节背侧仅有示指固有伸肌腱而无示指指伸肌腱 ,但在第三掌指关节背侧却有 2根粗细一样的指伸肌腱。故在伸肌腱扩张部切断示指固有伸肌腱及中指桡侧 1根指伸肌腱 ,将中指指伸肌腱近端与示指固有伸肌腱远端缝合以恢复示指的伸指功能。于尺骨小头近端切口内抽出示指固有伸肌腱 ,通过皮下隧道、绕过豌豆骨达拇短展肌止点 ,并从拇长伸肌腱下…     

桡侧腕短伸肌腱移位重建拇长伸肌功能的临床应用

临床上肌腱移位重建拇长伸肌功能的方法包括示指固有伸肌腱移位、掌长肌腱移位和桡侧腕长、短伸肌腱移位术等,其中桡侧腕短伸肌腱移位可应用于拇长伸肌腱自发断裂、陈旧性断裂和旋后肌下骨间后神经损伤后等拇指末节不能背伸.2005年以来,我们在临床上应用此方法重建拇长伸肌功能7例,疗效良好. 1.一般资料:本组7例,男5例,女2例;年龄19～52岁.其中拇长伸肌腱自发断裂2例,外伤后继发断裂2例,外伤致旋后肌下骨间后神经损伤3例.临床表现为拇指末节不能主动伸直,被动活动正常,鼻烟窝处不能触及紧张的拇长伸肌腱.自发现伸拇功能丧失至手术时间为2d至18个月.     

食指固有伸肌腱转移治疗外伤性、自发性拇长伸肌腱断裂

报道14例伸拇长肌腱外伤性、自发性断裂,用食指固有伸肌腱转移治疗,10例获得随访,平均随访4年半,拇指伸屈功能均达到正常。     

拇长伸肌腱自发断裂1例

病例 1998年8月收治一名男患、左拇垂指畸型。人院前半个月有外伤史：修车时,右手所持螺旋刀刺入左手大鱼际、伤处较表浅、伤后即刻左拇垂指畸型、鼻烟窝处逐渐出现痛性凸起。入院后考虑左拇长伸肌腱在腕部疲劳断裂、非指间关节处断裂。于臂丛麻醉下手术探查证实,见肌腱在桡骨茎突处断裂,断缘不规整。行示指固有伸肌腱移位术,在拇指掌指关节近侧3cm处横切口内以适当的张力与拇长伸肌腿作编织缝合。术后拇指外展、伸直位固定3周。     

拇长伸肌腱自发性断裂7例

目的探讨拇长伸肌腱自发性断裂的发病特点、诊断、术式选择及术后康复训练。方法 2016年3月-2019年6月收治拇长伸肌腱自发性断裂7例,其中4例采用示指固有伸肌腱转位,2例采用掌长肌腱移植,1例采用桡侧腕短伸肌腱转位,并术后全程指导患者进行康复训练。结果术后随访6～12个月,拇指背伸功能满意。结论对于拇长伸肌腱自发性断裂的治疗,应根据具体情况选择相应术式,重视术后康复训练,均可获得确切疗效。     

Complications of extensor tendon repairs at the extensor retinaculum

Literature describing surgical, post-operative management and outcomes following EDC repairs in close proximity to or within the extensor retinaculum is limited. This complex injury can result in decreased wrist and digital motion as well as loss of independent motion of the digits. This paper reviews complications following such injuries observed clinically as well as experimental simulation performed on cadaveric specimens. Our observations have direct implications to hand therapy practice and outcomes used following such injuries.     

Suppurative extensor tenosynovitis of the extensor carpi ulnalis tendon sheath

Suppurative tenosynovitis of the flexor tendons has been reported frequently, and its diagnosis and treatment are well established.(1-6) However, suppurative tenosynovitis of the extensor tendons is a rare entity that has been infrequently reported in the English literature. Reported cases were usually nonlocalizedand atraumatic and occurred in immunocompromised patients. In this article, we report a case of isolated suppurative extensor tenosynovitis of the extensor carpi ulnaris tendon sheath in a healthy individual and review the literature, anatomy, and treatment.     

Effects of extensor pollicis longus transposition and extensor indicis proprius transfer to extensor pollicis longus on thumb mechanics

PURPOSE: The spatial relationship of the extensor pollicis longus (EPL) to the thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) joint may be altered by its transposition from the third dorsal wrist compartment and by subcutaneous extensor indicis proprius (EIP) to EPL tendon transfer. Changes in tendon position could alter thumb function. This study examined changes in the EPL adduction moment arm after EPL tendon transposition from its extensor compartment or EIP transfer. METHODS: The EPL adduction moment arm at the thumb carpometacarpal joint was determined under 4 tendon conditions: (1) intact extensor pollicis longus, (2) transposed extensor pollicis longus, (3) extensor indicis proprius to extensor pollicis longus tendon transfer through an extensor retinacular pulley, and (4) extensor indicis proprius tendon transfer through a subcutaneous route. Each tendon condition was tested in 2 wrist positions: neutral and 40 degrees of flexion. RESULTS: The wrist neutral/flexion moment arms for the 4 tendon conditions, in millimeters, were 9.2/7.3, 3.6/1.2, 8.3/5.1, and 4.8/1.0. CONCLUSIONS: EPL transposition produces a significant decrease of its adduction moment arm at the thumb CMC joint, an effect exacerbated by wrist flexion. The moment arm mechanics of the pulley and subcutaneous EIP tendon transfer resemble those of the intact and transposed EPL, respectively. Diminution of the adduction moment arm could impair thumb function, especially adduction.     

Measurement of gliding resistance of the extensor pollicis longus and extensor digitorum communis II tendons within the extensor retinaculum

PURPOSE: The etiology of spontaneous extensor pollicis longus (EPL) tendon rupture is still largely unknown. It is possible that friction within the sheath may play a role. The purposes of this study were to compare gliding resistance of the EPL tendon with that of the extensor digitorum communis tendon of the index finger (EDC II) and to find the wrist position that gives the EPL tendon the lowest gliding resistance. METHODS: Fifteen fresh-frozen cadavers were used. Gliding resistance was measured directly in 7 different wrist positions. RESULTS: The mean gliding resistance of the EPL tendon was 0.16 +/- 0.08 N and that of the EDC II tendon was 0.11 +/- 0.06 N. This difference was significant. There was also a significant effect on gliding resistance due to wrist position. For the EPL tendon, the gliding resistance was significantly greater in 60 degrees wrist flexion compared with all other wrist positions tested. Additionally the gliding resistance of the EPL in 30 degrees flexion, 60 degrees extension, and 15 degrees radial deviation was significantly higher than wrist positions of 30 degrees extension, neutral, and 30 degrees ulnar deviation. CONCLUSIONS: Positioning the wrist close to neutral flexion/extension and in some ulnar deviation minimizes the friction within the EPL sheath. Such positions may be advantageous for splinting patients at risk for EPL rupture.     

Endoscopic single-incision extensor indicis transposition for extensor pollicis longus reconstruction

Traditional methods for harvesting the extensor indicis (EI) tendon for transposition to the extensor pollicis longus (EPL) tendon using direct visualization commonly require 3 incisions. The authors describe an endoscopic EI tendon transposition for EPL tendon reconstruction as an alternative technique for the traditional open technique. This new modification of endoscopic EI transposition to EPL has the benefit over the standard harvesting technique of only 1 incision to accomplish the complete procedure and results in less scarring. To date, the authors have only operated on ruptures after radius fractures without significant synovitis in the area of the extensor compartment.     

Junctura tendinum between extensor digitorum communis and extensor pollicis longus

A junctura tendinum was incidentally identified between the extensor digitorum communis of the index finger and the extensor pollicis longus in a 34-year-old woman. This tendinous interconnection did not represent a supernumerary muscle. Examination of the patient suggested that this anomaly was probably bilateral since she lacked independent extension of the thumb and fingers in both hands. This anatomic variant has not previously been reported.     

Evaluation of restoration of extensor pollicis function by transfer of the extensor indicis

The aim of this study was to assess long-term results of extensor indicis (EI) to extensor pollicis longus (EPL) transfers and to assess donor site morbidity. A specific EI-EPL evaluation method (SEEM) was used to measure EPL function after transfer. The outcomes in 17 patients are presented. Results were assessed by the Geldmacher score, the SEEM, mobility and strength of thumb and index finger, pinch and grip strength, and a questionnaire, comparing the operated and non-operated hands. Based on the SEEM, the results were excellent to good in 11 of 17 patients. There was no marked loss of independent extension of the index finger and only a 38% loss of extension strength.