云芝多糖对叔丁基脂氢过氧化物所致腹腔巨噬细胞损伤的保护作用的特点

采用MTT法测定巨噬细胞的存活率，研究了小鼠腹腔注射云芝多糖（PSK）对腹腔巨噬细胞所受叔了基脂红过氧化物（tbOOH）损伤的保护作用的特点。结果显示，小鼠腹腔注射PSK对tbOOH造成的巨噬细胞损伤具有明显的保护作用。保护作用的效果与注射的次数无关，而与注射后取细胞的时间及注射的剂量有关，并在一定时间和剂量范围内呈现饱和性。体外将PSK与巨噬细胞共同温育，未发现其对巨噬细胞有保护作用。     

云芝多糖对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞NO释放及抗氧化酶活性的影响

为探讨云芝多糖（PSK）预防动脉粥样硬化及防止氧化修饰低密度脂蛋白（O－LDL）对巨噬细胞的过氧化损伤的作用机理，考察了腹腔注射PSK对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性及一氧化氮（NO）释放的作用，及脂多糖（LPS）对这一作用的影响。结果显示腹腔注射PSK可以使小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞SeGSHPx酶活性、non－SeGSHPx及SOD活性升高；在LPS作用下可进一步升高上述酶活性，使NO释放量有较大增加。     

叔丁基氢过氧化物对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞呼吸爆发的影响

运用化学发光技术观察了佛波豆寇乙酸(Phorbol myristate acerate,PMA)刺激下小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞呼吸爆发过程,叔丁基氢过氧化物(Tert-butylhydroperoxlde,tbOOH)对该细胞体外呼吸爆发有显著抑制作用,抑制程度与tbOOH浓度及作用时间相关。说明体内巨噬细胞的免疫吞噬功能可能受到活性氧及介导的脂质过氧化的影响。     

叔丁基氢过氧化物对人胎儿主动脉平滑肌细胞生长的影响

利用体外培养的人胎儿主动脉平滑肌细胞作为实验材料,观察了不同浓度脂氢过氧化物——叔丁基氢过氧化物(tbOOH)对不同代数的平滑肌细胞生长的影响。10~(-4)mol/L tbOOH对第9代细胞有促分裂作用,10~(-3)及10~(-4)mol/L两种浓度的tbOOH对第17代细胞均显示出生长抑制作用。tbOOH对平滑肌细胞的生长抑制作用与其对细胞的损伤有关。     

黄芪多糖对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞免疫功能的调节作用研究

目的:研究黄芪多糖(APS)增强巨噬细胞的免疫作用,探讨其调节机体免疫功能的机理。方法:在体外培养的小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞中加入不同浓度的APS后,观察其对巨噬细胞一氧化氮(NO)合成及对肿瘤细胞杀伤活性的影响。结果:APS能促进巨噬细胞NO合成,并能显著增强小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞对黑色素瘤细胞的杀伤作用。结论:APS能增强小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的免疫作用,可能是其抗肿瘤作用的机理之一。     

刺五加多糖的免疫调节作用研究

目的 研究刺五加多糖(acanthopanax senticosus polysaccharide,ASPS)对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞、脾淋巴细胞体外激活作用.方法 培养小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞、脾淋巴细胞,经不同浓度的ASPS作用48h后,用比色法分析腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬中性红细胞的能力;Griess法测定培养液中一氧化氮合酶含量;反转录聚合酶链反应检测脾淋巴细胞和腹腔巨噬细胞中白细胞介素-1(interleukin-1,IL-1)、白细胞介素(interleukin-2,IL-2)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)表达水平.结果 ASPS能够明显提高巨噬细胞吞噬活性.能够显著增加一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)的生成量.反转录聚合酶链反应检测结果显示,经ASPS处理后,小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞IL-1、TNF-α mRNA的表达高于对照组;而小鼠脾淋巴细胞IL-2 、TNF-α mRNA的表达高于对照组.结论 ASPS对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞具有激活作用,并能促进腹腔巨噬细胞和脾淋巴细胞产生细胞因子.     

云芝多糖对巨噬细胞氧化LDL的抑制作用与iNOS基因表达

目的和方法为揭示云艺多糖（PSK）的抗动脉粥样硬化机理,用RT-PCR和Westernblot等方法研究了PSK对巨噬细胞氧化低密度脂蛋白（LDL）的影响。结果PSK处理小鼠的巨噬细胞对LDL的氧化作用明显降低,NO分泌明显增加;PSK增强了IFN-Y对巨噬细胞LDL的抑制作用,减弱了一氧化氮合酶抑制剂N-Arg和DPI对细胞氧化LDL的增强作用;同时PSK能增强IFN-Y对细胞分泌NO的诱导作用,减弱N-Arg对细胞分泌NO的抑制作用;PSK能增强Raw264.7细胞iNOSmRNA和蛋白表达。结论PSK能抑制巨噬细胞对LDL的氧化,其作用机制可能与其能诱导iNOS基因表达有关。     

海洋真菌多糖YCP对巨噬细胞免疫功能的影响

目的:研究海洋真菌多糖(YCP)促进巨噬细胞的免疫调节作用,探讨其抗肿瘤作用的机理.方法:在体外培养的小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞中加入不同浓度的YCP后,观察其对巨噬细胞一氧化氮(NO)、IL-1的合成及吞噬功能的影响.结果:YCP多糖能促进巨噬细胞NO、IL-1的合成,并能显著增强小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬中性红的作用.结论:YCP能增强小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的免疫作用,这可能是其抗肿瘤作用的机理之一.     

动脉粥样硬化家兔血浆血栓恶烷含量变化与脂质过氧化损伤的关系

动态地测定了动脉粥样硬化(AS)家兔血浆胆固醇,血栓恶烷B_2(TxB_2),脂质过氧化物(LPO)和维生素E(VE)含量和硒谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(SeGSHPx)的活性。实验组第15天血浆胆固醇,LPO和TxB_2含量开始明显增加,到第60天分别为对照组的14.5,2.9和2.5倍.胆固醇和TxB_2与LPO呈正相关。实验组血浆VE含量,SeGSHPx活性和SeGSHPx/LPO比值都降低。VE和SeGSHPx/LPO比值与TxB_2呈负相关。结果说明AS机体前列腺素代谢的变化与机体受到脂质过氧化损伤有关。     

正常和β-极低密度脂蛋白对糖尿病小鼠巨噬细胞内脂质堆积的影响

血浆正常极低密度脂蛋白(n-VLDL)能使体外培养的糖尿病小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞内甘油三酯0(TG)堆积量高于对照组;高胆固醇血症家兔血β-VLDL对糖尿病巨噬细胞内胆固醇酯(ChE)含量无影响,而使对照组细胞内ChE的堆积呈饱和性增加。结果表明,糖尿病巨噬细胞功能发生改变,其摄取n-VLDL能力增强,而对β-VLDL的摄取减弱。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.