亚低温治疗对颅脑损伤颅内压及脑氧代谢影响的临床意义

目的探讨重型脑损伤患者亚低温(33～35℃)治疗前后颅内压(ICP),脑组织氧分压(PbrO2)的变化及临床意义。方法32例重型颅脑损伤患者分为亚低温组及对照组,放置ICP脑组织PbrO2光纤探头,持续监测ICP及脑组织PbrO2。结果亚低温治疗24h后ICP逐渐下降,脑组织PbrO2逐渐上升,与对照组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论亚低温治疗能明显降低重型颅脑损伤患者ICP,改善脑组织氧代谢。降低患者死亡率及致残率。     

亚低温治疗重型颅脑损伤护理体会

目的:探讨护理亚低温治疗颅脑损伤的临床疗效并提高护理效率.方法:入选145例重型颅脑损伤患者(GCS≤8),随机分两组,亚低温治疗组73例和对照组72例.治疗组采用常规治疗和亚低温治疗,对照组采用常规治疗和常温治疗.结果:亚低温治疗颅脑损伤患者与常温治疗组相比较,治疗组死亡率明显低于对照组,治疗后病情恢复程度比较有明显统计学差异(P＜0.05).结论:亚低温治疗重型颅脑损伤临床疗效确切、操作简便、不良反应小,有利于提高护理效率.     

亚低温脑保护在重型颅脑损伤治疗中的作用

目的探索亚低温疗法在重型颅脑损伤中的作用。方法102例重型颅脑损伤患者随机分为①亚低温组54例,均于24h内接受亚低温治疗,直肠温度32℃～35℃,维持3～8d;②常温组48例,其它治疗同亚低温组。分别于入院后第1d及第8d两组患者进行格拉斯哥昏迷记分法（GCS）疗效评估,6个月时进行格拉斯哥预后评分法（GOS）评估。结果入院第1d,两组GCS评分结果（P〉0.05）,第8d亚低温组患者治疗后,GCS评分结果明显高于对照组（P〈0.05）,6个月时GOS标准随访评估也优于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论亚低温是治疗重型颅脑损伤的有效手段之一,伤后24h内接受治疗,疗效确切,可降低颅脑损伤患者的死亡率,提高其生存质量。     

亚低温治疗重型颅脑损伤及特重型颅脑损伤的对比研究

研究亚低温疗法对重型颅脑损伤及特重型颅脑损伤的疗效有无差异。方法：治疗１５４例重型颅脑损伤及９２例特重型颅脑损伤,分别随机分为亚低温组与对照组,观察存活数、死亡数。结果：亚低温组中,重型颅脑损伤的存活率与特重型颅脑损伤有显著性差异。对照组中,重型颅脑损伤的存活率与特重型颅脑损伤也有显著差异;在重型颅脑损伤患者中,亚低温治疗的存活率显著高于对照组;在特重型颅脑损伤患者中,亚低温的存活率与对照组无显著     

重型颅脑损伤患者两种不同降温疗法的比较及护理

目的 探讨两种降温方法 对重型颅脑损伤患者的致残率和病死率的影响. 方法 选择重型颅脑损伤病人60例.随机分为亚低温组(全身降温伴冬眠疗法)和对照组(单纯性冰帽)各30例,两组病人均采用脱水、抗炎、降颅压等治疗,亚低温组在此基础上实施亚低温治疗.即使肛温降至33～34℃,持续5～7d.结果 亚低温组有效率76.67%,死亡率10.00%;而对照组有效率50.00%,死亡率23.33%,两组结果 具有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论 亚低温治疗能更有效降低重型颅脑损伤病人的颅内压,控制体温,改善预后.     

亚低温治疗重型颅脑损伤的护理

目的探讨亚低温治疗重型颅脑损伤的疗效及护理方法。方法将48例GCS≤8分的重型颅脑损伤患者随机分为对照组和治疗组,治疗组均为伤后6h内予以亚低温治疗,持续降温时间为3-7d,平均为5d。对照组采用常规方法予以降温。结果治疗组治愈率高于对照组,死亡率则低于对照组。结论亚低温治疗仪能迅速降低患者体温,降低颅内压,减轻脑水肿,降低脑组织耗氧量,减少脑细胞的结构蛋白的破坏,促进脑细胞结构和功能修复。     

亚低温脑保护在重型颅脑损伤治疗中的应用

目的 探讨对重型颅脑损伤患者使用亚低温治疗的效果,研究亚低温治疗在重型颅脑损伤患者脑保护作用及方法.方法 选自2007年3月～2009年2月收治的60例重型颅脑损伤患者,入选为Glasgow昏迷评分(GCS)4～8分无其他严重并发症患者.随机分为亚低温组与对照组,亚低温组患者入院后行亚低温治疗,对照组行常规治疗.对两组患者的治疗效果进行Glasgow预后评分(GOS).结果 亚低温组30例患者,恢复良好20例,中残5例,重残及植物生存2例,死亡3例.对照组30例患者,恢复良好14例,中残9例,重残及植物生存4例,死亡3例.结论 亚低温治疗对重型颅脑损伤患者有较好的脑保护作用,使其预后得到改善.     

标准外伤大骨瓣开颅术及亚低温综合治疗重型颅脑损伤

目的 评价标准外伤大骨瓣及亚低温综合治疗重型颅脑损伤的临床效果. 方法 对急性重型颅脑损伤患者(GCS≤8),治疗组采用外伤性标准大骨瓣及亚低温冬眠治疗5～7d;对照组仍采用传统的治疗方法.比较两组GCS、GOS. 结果 治疗组GCS、GOS高于对照组,死亡率低于对照组.结论 标准外伤大骨瓣结合亚低温综合治疗,对降低急性重型颅脑损伤的死亡率、重残率,提高生存质量有重要价值.     

两种降温方法治疗重型颅脑损伤的效果观察及护理

目的:探讨两种降温疗法对重型颅脑损伤患者效果的影响。方法:将90例重型颅脑损伤患者随机分为亚低温组和对照组各45例。两组患者均采用脱水、抗炎、降颅内压等治疗,亚低温组在此基础上实施全身降温加冬眠疗法,对照组在此基础上采用局部降温疗法。结果:与对照组比较,亚低温组颅内压、重残率和死亡率显著降低,恢复良好率显著提高,预后显著改善(P(0.05),并发症比较差异无统计学意义(P(0.05)。结论:亚低温冬眠治疗具有肯定的脑保护作用,在护理过程中,密切观察生命体征及病情变化,严格控制降温和复温,加强基础护理,保证亚低温治疗的正常进行,可显著降低重症颅脑损伤患者的致残率和病死率,改善其预后,提高生存质量。     

标准大骨瓣开颅术结合亚低温治疗特重型颅脑损伤体会

目的 探讨标准大骨瓣开颅术结合亚低温治疗特重型颅脑损伤的效果.方法 对118例具有手术指征的急性特重型颅脑损伤患者(GCS 3～5分),采用外伤性标准大骨瓣开颅术,术后即给予亚低温治疗2～14 d.结果 患者术后存活86例(占72.8%),其中植物状态生存16例;死亡32例(占27.2%).结论 对具有手术指征的急性特重型颅脑损伤患者尽早行标准大骨瓣开颅术,术后尽早给予亚低温治疗,可降低伤者的死亡率,致残率,提高生存质量.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.