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1.

BACKGROUND:

First Nations children are at higher risk for vitamin D deficiency and rickets.

OBJECTIVE:

To assess the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and the correlations between fat mass, parathyroid hormone and dietary habits with serum vitamin D level in a random sample of Cree children eight to 14 years of age.

METHODS:

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels and additional information regarding anthropometrics and dietary habits were obtained from participants in two Cree communities. Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency was defined as serum 25(OH)D levels <30 nmol/L and <50 nmol/L, respectively. Proportions to estimate the vitamin D status were weighted to account for the complex sampling design, and Pearson’s correlation coefficients were used to estimate the associations of milk and fish intake, parathyroid hormone and fat mass with serum 25(OH)D levels.

RESULTS:

Data from 52 healthy Cree children (mean [± SD] age 11.1±2.0 years; 27 boys) were included in the analyses. The median serum 25(OH)D level was 52.4 nmol/L (range 22.1 nmol/L to 102.7 nmol/L). Forty-three percent (95% CI 29% to 58%) and 81% (95% CI 70% to 92%) of Cree children had vitamin D levels <50 nmol/L and <75 nmol/L, respectively. Vitamin D intake was positively associated with serum 25(OH)D levels. Obese children had lower vitamin D levels; however, the difference was nonsignificant.

CONCLUSION:

There may be a substantial proportion of Cree children who are vitamin D deficient. Increasing age, lower dietary vitamin D intake and, possibly, higher body mass index were associated with decreased vitamin D levels; however, causality cannot be inferred.  相似文献   

2.
Recent studies suggest that vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency is not only a problem of older generations anymore but also an important health concern among younger generations. However, comprehensive data are lacking in Korean adolescents. We investigated the vitamin D (25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D]) status, the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency, and the association between vitamin D levels and insulin resistance and lipid profiles in a sample of 188 Korean adolescents aged 12-13?years who participated in a general health check-up at a tertiary hospital. Vitamin D deficiency was considered as serum concentrations <20?ng/mL (50?nmol/L); a level of 21-29?ng/mL (52-72?nmol/L) was considered to indicate vitamin D insufficiency, whereas a level of 30?ng/mL or greater (>75?nmol/L) was considered sufficient or optimum. In this cross-sectional study, vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency was found in 98.9?% of boys and 100?% of girls, whereas only 1.1?% of boys and 0?% of girls had a serum 25(OH)D level of greater than 30?ng/mL. In multivariate linear regression analysis, HOMA-IR, triglyceride, and LDL cholesterol were inversely associated with 25(OH)D concentrations. We found that vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency is a very common health problem in Korean adolescents, particularly in girls, and that serum 25(OH)D levels are inversely associated with insulin resistance and lipid profiles. These results suggest that more time spent in outdoor activity for sunlight exposure and higher vitamin D intake may be needed in younger adolescents in South Korea.  相似文献   

3.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the common effects of maternal vitamin D deficiency, various doses of vitamin D given to newborns and the effects of these on vitamin D status in early childhood. Seventy-eight pregnant women and 65 infants who were followed up in various health centers were included in the sudy. 25-hydroxyvitamin-D (25-OHvitD), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and alkaline phosphatase levels were measured in blood samples drawn from pregnant women in the last trimester. Infants born to these mothers were given 400 or 800 IU of vitamin D subsequently at the start of the second week. 25-OHvitD, Ca, P and alkaline phosphatase levels of the 65 infants who were brought in for controls (May-September 2000) were measured and hand-wrist X-rays were evaluated. We analyzed the relationship between vitamin D status of the mothers and infants and socio-economic status; mothers' dressing habits (covered vs uncovered), educational level, and number of pregnancies; and sunlight exposure of the house. Covered as a dressing habit meant covering the hair and sometimes part of the face and wearing dresses that completely cover the arms and legs. In 40 infants who were breast-fed and received the recommended doses of vitamin D on a regular basis, the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and supplementation doses given was analyzed. Serum 25-OHvitD level of the mothers was 17.50 +/- 10.30 and 94.8% of the mothers had a 25-OHvitD level below 40 nmol/L (below 25 nmol/L in 79.5%). The risk factors associated with low maternal 25-OHvitD were low educational level (p = 0.042), insufficient intake of vitamin D within diet (p = 0.020) and "covered" dressing habits (p = 0.012). 25-OHvitD level of the infants was 83.70 +/- 53.70 nmol/L, and 24.6% of the infants had 25-OHvitD levels lower than 40 nmol/L. Risk factors for low 25-OHvitD levels in infants were a) not receiving recommended doses of vitamin D regularly (p = 0.002) and b) insufficient sunlight exposure of the house (p = 0.033). There was a pour but significant correlation between maternal vitamin D levels and infants' 25-OHvitD levels at four months (r = 0.365, p < 0.05). No significant correlation was found between 25-OHvitD levels and supplementation doses of vitamin D (19 infants were supplemented with 400 IU/day and 21 with 800 IU/day of vitamin D) (p = 0.873). Severe maternal vitamin D deficiency remains a commonly seen problem in Turkey. However, vitamin D deficiency can be prevented by supplementation of vitamin D to newborns (at least 400 IU). Supplementation of 800 IU vitamin D in the areas of maternal vitamin D deficiency has no greater benefits for the infants.  相似文献   

4.
目的:探讨血清25 羟维生素D[25(OH)D]在维生素D缺乏性佝偻病早期诊断中的意义。方法:检测对照组(73例)、可疑组(45例)和佝偻病组(65例)的血清25(OH)D、钙、磷、碱性磷酸酶浓度,并通过ROC曲线对血清25(OH)D的诊断价值进行评价。结果:对照组、可疑组和佝偻病组的血清25(OH)D水平分别为112±37、83±30和72±31 nmol/L,后两者均显著低于对照组(F=26.174,P0.05)。可疑组和佝偻病组的维生素D缺乏率均显著高于对照组(χ2=33.346, P0.05)。结论:血清25(OH)D水平在可疑及确诊佝偻病的患儿中显著降低,可以反映维生素D的营养状况,适用于佝偻病的早期筛查。  相似文献   

5.

OBJECTIVE:

To examine the relationship between serum vitamin D concentrations, dietary intake and body mass index among healthy children living in Calgary, Alberta.

METHODS:

The present cross-sectional study included healthy children two to 13 years of age who presented to the Alberta Children’s Hospital for elective surgery during a 12-month period. Data including the child’s weight, height, age, sex, ethnicity, dietary intake, use of vitamin supplements, physical activity and time spent outdoors were collected. Serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) were measured using commercial immunoradiometric assay kits.

RESULTS:

Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were available for 1442 of 1862 participants, of whom 862 (59.8%) were boys. The mean (± SD) serum 25(OH)D concentration was 86.1±35.1 nmol/L (range 10 nmol/L to 323 nmol/L). Five hundred thirty-nine (37.4%) participants had insufficient vitamin D status (25[OH]D between 25 nmol/L and lower than 75 nmol/L), and vitamin D deficiency (25[OH]D 25 nmol/L or lower) was present in 29 subjects (2.0%). Children in the older age group (nine to 13 years) were more likely to have suboptimal vitamin D (P<0.001). Other risk factors significantly associated with suboptimal vitamin D status included overweight or obesity, nonwhite ethnicity, winter months, dietary vitamin D intake of less than 200 IU/day and less time spent outdoors.

CONCLUSION:

A high rate of suboptimal vitamin D concentrations was observed among the participants. Beyond promoting a vitamin D-enriched diet, physicians should also consider the body mass index and other risk factors to determine the optimal vitamin D intake for children living in the area studied.  相似文献   

6.
Lagunova Z, Porojnicu AC, Lindberg FA, Aksnes L, Moan J. Vitamin D status in Norwegian children and adolescents with excess body weight. Objectives: The prevalence of childhood and adolescent obesity has increased during the past decades. A high body mass index (BMI) is associated with a low vitamin D status. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in Norwegian children and adolescents with excess body weight. Methods: Vitamin D status and seasonal variations of 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D were analyzed in 102 children and adolescents (70 girls and 32 boys), 8–19 yr of age, with overweight and obesity. Results: Overall, 50% of the children and adolescents included in the study had a low vitamin D status (25(OH)D <75 nmol/L) and 19% had vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D <50 nmol/L). This was most prevalent in adolescents. Only 42% of teenagers had 25(OH)D levels ≥75 nmol/L vs. 72% of preteens. Both 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D showed seasonal variations. A peak in serum 25(OH)D concentrations was observed during the summer while the lowest values were seen during the spring. In contrast, serum 1,25(OH)2D had a peak during the spring and the lowest concentrations during the winter. Conclusions: The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency is higher in obese and overweight adolescents than in overweight children. This might be related to low outdoor activities and low vitamin D intake in teenagers. Seasonal variations of both the vitamin D metabolites were observed.  相似文献   

7.
目的调查肥胖症儿童脂溶性维生素A、D、E水平,并分析其影响因素。方法选取2019年1月至2021年4月就诊于西安市儿童医院营养科的273例肥胖症儿童(肥胖症组)为研究对象,同期健康体检的226例正常体重儿童为对照组。对两组儿童进行体格及体成分的测量,并检测血清维生素A、D、E浓度。结果与对照组比较,肥胖症组血清维生素A[(1.32±0.21)μmol/L vs(1.16±0.21)μmol/L]、维生素E[(9.3±1.4)mg/L vs(8.3±1.2)mg/L]水平较高(P<0.001),25羟维生素D[25-hydroxyvitamin D,25(OH)D]水平[(49±22)nmol/L vs(62±24)nmol/L]较低(P<0.001)。在肥胖症组中,边缘型维生素A缺乏率为5.5%(15/273),维生素D缺乏/不足率为56.8%(155/273),维生素E不足率为4.0%(11/273)。控制体重指数和腰身比后,肥胖症儿童维生素A水平与年龄呈正相关(P<0.001),维生素E和25(OH)D水平与年龄呈负相关(P<0.001)。在控制年龄因素后,未发现肥胖症儿童血清维生素A、维生素E、25(OH)D水平与其肥胖程度、体脂百分比、肥胖时长的相关性,但维生素A和维生素E水平与其腰身比呈正相关(P<0.001)。结论肥胖症儿童的血清维生素A和维生素E水平较高,尤其是腹型肥胖者,而血清维生素D营养状况较差,且随着年龄的增长,状况愈差。因此,应关注肥胖症儿童维生素D营养状况并积极补充。  相似文献   

8.
Vitamin D deficiency has adverse health effects in young children. Our aims were to determine predictors of vitamin D status and then to use these factors to develop a practical tool to predict low 25(OH)D concentrations in preschool New Zealand children. A cross‐sectional sample of 1329 children aged 2 to <5 years were enrolled from throughout New Zealand in late‐winter to spring 2012. 25‐Hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was measured on dried blood spot (DBS) samples collected using finger‐prick sampling. Caregivers completed a questionnaire. Mean (SD) DBS 25(OH)D concentration was 52(19)nmol/L. 25(OH)D < 25 nmol/L was present in 86(7%), 25(OH)D < 50 nmol/L in 642(48%), 25(OH)D 50‐ < 75 nmol/L in 541(41%) and 25(OH)D > 75 nmol/L in 146(11%) of children. Factors independently associated with the risk of 25(OH)D < 25 nmol/L were female gender (OR 1.92,95%CI 1.17–3.14), other non‐European ethnicities (not including Māori or Pacific) (3.51,1.89–6.50), had olive‐dark skin colour (4.52,2.22–9.16), did not take vitamin D supplements (2.56,1.06–6.18), had mothers with less than secondary‐school qualifications (5.00,2.44–10.21) and lived in more deprived households (1.27,1.06–1.53). Children who drank toddler milk (vitamin D fortified cow's milk formula marketed to young children) had a zero risk of 25(OH)D < 25 nmol/L. The predictive tool identified children at risk of 25(OH)D < 25 nmol/L with sensitivity 42%, specificity 97% and ROC area‐under‐curve 0.76(95%CI 0.67–0.86, p < 0.001). Predictors of low vitamin D status were consistent with those identified in previous studies of New Zealand children. The tool had insufficient predictive ability for use in clinical situations, and suggests a need to promote safe, inexpensive testing to determine vitamin D status in preschool children.  相似文献   

9.
Background: The recommended dose of vitamin D supplementation of preterm infants is based on data from populations in which severe vitamin D deficiency is uncommon and may be inadequate for infants in high risk population. However, data on vitamin D status of preterm infants in high‐risk populations, such as Middle Eastern countries is scarce. Methods: This study investigates the vitamin D status of Arab mothers and their preterm infants. Maternal serum and cord blood 25(OH)D, calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and alkaline phosphate (ALP) were measured at delivery. Serum 25(OH)D was measured by HPLC while the other biochemical parameters were measured by standard autoanalyzer. Results: Thirty‐four preterm infants were studied. The mean gestational age was 31.4 weeks and birth weight was 1667 g. The median serum 25(OH)D of 17.0 nmol/L in 28 mothers and 14.5 nmol/L in 34 cord blood samples were low. The median maternal and cord blood Ca, P and ALP levels were within normal range. Fifteen (44%) of the infants had moderately severe vitamin D deficiency (serum 25 (OH)D levels <12.5 nmol/L). The median serum 25(OH)D levels of mothers who had reportedly taken prenatal vitamin D supplementation and those who had not were similar (17.3 vs 16.3) nmol/L. The mean serum 25(OH)D levels among preterm infants in this study were low when compared to levels in Caucasians preterm infants on which the current vitamin D recommendations are based. Conclusion: The high prevalence of moderately severe vitamin D deficiency in Arab preterm infants provides a justification to investigate vitamin D requirement of preterm infants in this and other high‐risk populations.  相似文献   

10.
Although exclusively breastfed infants are at increased risk of vitamin D (vit D) deficiency if vit D supplementation is lacking and sun exposure is limited, assessment of both risk factors in the first year of life is lacking. We evaluated the contribution of vit D intake and sunlight exposure to vit D status in 120 healthy, breastfeeding mother–infant dyads, who were followed up for 1 year. Vitamin D intake and skin sunlight exposure were evaluated using questionnaires. Serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and alkaline phosphatase levels were determined post‐natally in mothers at 4 weeks and in infants at 4, 26 and 52 weeks. Vitamin D supplementation was low (<20%) and sunlight exposure was common (93%) in study infants. At 4 weeks, 17% of mothers were vit D deficient (<50 nmol L?1) and 49% were insufficient (50–<75 nmol L?1), while 18% of infants were severely vit D deficient (<25 nmol L?1) and 77% were deficient (<50 nmol L?1). At 26 weeks, winter/spring birth season and shorter duration of months of exclusive breastfeeding were protective of vit D deficiency in infants. Vitamin D deficiency in infants decreased to 12% at 52 weeks with sunlight exposure. Serum PTH levels were significantly higher in severely vit D deficient than sufficient infants. Vitamin D deficiency was widespread in early post‐partum breastfeeding mothers and infants, and declined to one in eight infants at 52 weeks due mostly to sunshine exposure. When sunlight exposure is limited or restricted, intensified vit D supplementation of breastfeeding mothers and infants is needed to improve vit D status.  相似文献   

11.
维生素D缺乏性佝偻病遗传易感性的研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
目的:遗传因素是否参与维生素D缺乏性佝偻病目前尚未明了。拟通过研究维生素D受体基因多态性与维生素D缺乏性佝偻病易感性的相关性,探讨维生素D缺乏性佝偻病的遗传易感性。方法:应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)分析技术检测159例维生素D缺乏性佝偻病儿童和78例正常儿童(对照组)维生素D受体(VDR)基因FokI位点的多态性,比较两组之间VDR基因型和等位基因的频率。结果:维生素D缺乏性佝偻病患儿和对照组儿童的VDR基因FokI位点基因型分布频率分别为:FF(37%),Ff(51%),ff(12%)和FF(18%),Ff(55%),ff(27%),两组之间的差异有显著性(χ20.01(2)=9.210,χ2=13.3880,P<0.01);佝偻病患儿和对照组儿童的VDR基因FokI位点等位基因分布频率分别为:F(63%),f(37%)和F(46%),f(54%),两组之间的差异有显著性(χ2=6.18,P<0.05)。佝偻病患儿F等位基因分布频率明显高于对照组人群(63%vs46%)两组之间的差异有显著性;而佝偻病患儿f等位基因频率显著低于对照组(37%vs 54%)。结论:VDR基因FokI酶切位点的多态性可能与维生素D缺乏性佝偻病的遗传易感性有关。  相似文献   

12.
目的通过测定新生儿血清25-羟维生素D[25(OH)D]、甲状旁腺激素(PTH)、钙、磷浓度,了解兰州市新生儿维生素D营养状况,指导临床补充维生素D。方法选取2012年9~12月在兰州大学第一医院住院的90例新生儿为研究对象,早产儿30例,足月儿60例,采用酶联免疫法检测两组患儿生后10天内血清25(OH)D、PTH浓度,并分析两者之间的相关性;血清标本的钙、磷水平由贝克曼AU2700全自动生化分析仪测定。结果早产儿血清25(OH)D浓度为(21.9±2.5)nmol/L,显著低于足月儿(34.9±10.8)nmol/L,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05);早产儿血清町H浓度为(94.7±40.2)pg/ml,显著高于足月儿(56.1±30.0)pg/ml,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05),新生儿血清25(oH)D水平与明H呈负相关;旱产儿血钙浓度为(2.1±0.3)mmob/L,低于足月儿(2.3±0.3)mmol/L,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05);早产儿血磷浓度为(1.8±0.7)mmoL/L,足月儿为(1.6±0.5)mmol/L,差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。结论兰州市新生儿普遍存在维生素D缺乏或不足的现象,应加强孕母和新生儿的维生素D补充。  相似文献   

13.
Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among healthy adolescents   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
BACKGROUND: Although vitamin D deficiency has been documented as a frequent problem in studies of young adults, elderly persons, and children in other countries, there are limited data on the prevalence of this nutritional deficiency among healthy US teenagers. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in healthy adolescents presenting for primary care. DESIGN: A cross-sectional clinic-based sample. SETTING: An urban hospital in Boston. PARTICIPANTS: Three hundred seven adolescents recruited at an annual physical examination to undergo a blood test and nutritional and activity assessments. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) and parathyroid hormone, anthropometric data, nutritional intake, and weekly physical activity and lifestyle variables that were potential risk factors for hypovitaminosis D. RESULTS: Seventy-four patients (24.1%) were vitamin D deficient (serum 25OHD level, 相似文献   

14.

OBJECTIVES:

To determine the prevalence of low vitamin D concentrations in a cohort of healthy two-year-old children living in a large Canadian city, and to explore whether body mass index (BMI) and cow’s milk intake are associated with low vitamin D concentrations.

METHODS:

A cross-sectional study was performed on healthy two-year-old children attending a well-child visit in Toronto, Ontario (latitude 43.4°N). Dietary exposures were measured by questionnaire. The primary outcome was the prevalence of low vitamin D concentrations (25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration of lower than 50 nmol/L or lower than 75 nmol/L).

RESULTS:

A total of 91 healthy children 24 to 30 months of age were recruited between November 2007 and May 2008. The prevalence of low vitamin D concentrations (lower than 50 nmol/L) was 32% (29 of 92, 95% CI 22% to 42%) and the prevalence of vitamin D concentrations of lower than 75 nmol/L was 82% (75 of 91, 95% CI 73% to 89%). Using multivariable logistic regression, the odds of vitamin D concentrations being lower than 50 nmol/L decreased by 0.44 (95% CI 0.2 to 0.96) for each additional cup of cow’s milk intake per day and increased by 1.2 to 2.6 per unit BMI depending on BMI level (P=0.07).

CONCLUSIONS:

A total of 30% to 80% of toddlers in the present study’s urban Canadian setting demonstrated low vitamin D concentrations – the highest prevalence of low vitamin D in toddlers outside of Alaska. Modifiable factors associated with low vitamin D were lower cow’s milk intake and higher BMI. The vitamin D status of toddlers in urban Canada may require specific attention.  相似文献   

15.

Objective

To determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in newborn infants of mothers at risk of vitamin D deficiency because of dark skin or the wearing of concealing clothes (such as a veil) compared with a group presumed not to be at risk. A second aim was to correlate these newborn infants'' vitamin D concentrations with biochemical parameters of vitamin D metabolism and bone turnover at birth.

Design

A prospective study conducted between April 2004 and February 2006 including women delivering during this period and their newborn infants.

Setting

The outpatient clinic of the obstetrics department, Sint Franciscus Gasthuis, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

Patients

Eighty seven newborn infants of healthy mothers with either dark skin and/or concealing clothing (risk group) or light skin (control group).

Results

We found a significant difference in the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (25‐hydroxyvitamin D3 <25 nmol/l) between newborn infants of mothers at risk and those of mothers in the control group (63.3% vs 15.8%; p<0.001). Mean alkaline phosphatase concentrations were significantly higher in the at risk group.

Conclusions

Newborn infants of mothers with dark skin or wearing concealing clothes are at great risk of vitamin D deficiency at birth. The clinical implications are unknown. Further research is necessary to determine the long‐term consequences of maternal and neonatal vitamin D deficiency so that guidelines on vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy can be issued.  相似文献   

16.
Severe vitamin D deficiency in mothers and their breastfed infants is a significant health problem in the Middle East. Supplementation of the breastfed infant alone with the recommended dose of vitamin D may be insufficient in high‐risk population. We investigated the effect of combined maternal and infant vitamin D supplementation on vitamin D status of the breastfed infant. We examined also the effect of supplementation on vitamin D antirachitic activity of breast milk in a subset of mothers. Healthy breastfeeding mothers (n = 90) were randomly assigned to 2000 IU daily (group 1) or 60 000 IU monthly (group 2) of vitamin D2, and all their infants (n = 92) received 400 IU daily of vitamin D2 for 3 months. Most infants had vitamin D deficiency – 25‐hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] ≤ 37.5 nmol L?1– at study entry. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations at 3 months increased significantly from baseline in infants of mothers in group 1 (13.9 ± 8.6 vs. 49.6 ± 18.5 nmol L?1, P < 0.0001) and group 2 (13.7 ± 12.1 vs. 44.6 ± 15.0 nmol L?1, P < 0.0001). Maternal and infant serum 25(OH)D concentrations correlated positively at baseline (r = 0.36, P = 0.01) and 3 months (r = 0.46, P = 0.002). Milk antirachitic activity increased from undetectable (<20 IU L?1) to a median of 50.9 IU L?1. In conclusion, combined maternal and infant vitamin D supplementation was associated with a threefold increase in infants’ serum 25(OH)D concentrations and a 64% reduction in the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency without causing hypervitaminosis D.  相似文献   

17.
Vitamin D deficiency [serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D <25 nmol/L (<10 ng/mL)] was identified in 92% of rachitic Arab children and 97% of their mothers compared with 22% of nonrachitic children and 52% of their mothers. There was a positive correlation between maternal and child vitamin D levels. We conclude that mothers of rachitic children should be investigated and treated for vitamin D deficiency.  相似文献   

18.
The vitamin E status of AGA preterm infants (birth weights1500 g) was studied during the first 10 weeks of life. The total polyunsaturated fatty acid content of the diet was 12%, and medicinal iron was given from 4 weeks of age. Plasma vitamin E concentrations correlated significantly with -lipoprotein levels in the infants not supplemented with tocopherol. The low plasma vitamin E levels observed in these infants thus reflect the low transport capacity of the plasma, and do not necessarily signify vitamin E deficiency. Erythrocytes from the preterm infants showed increased hemolysis in the hydrogen peroxide hemolysis test, also when the plasma tocopherol levels were above 11.6 mol/l; and for the same level of tocopherol, the degree of hemolysis varied considerably. This indicates that factors other than the tocopherol concentrations influence this test. When glucose was added to the cells during the test the hemolysis decreased. A group of infants supplemented with 7.5 IU water-soluble tocopherol/day showed satisfactory median levels of the vitamin, both when assessed as plasma vitamin E concentrations and as vitamin E/-lipoprotein ratios. However, some infants had low plasma concentrations and ratios, particularly at 4 weeks of age. This indicates that this supplementary dose is insufficient when a water-soluble preparation is used. A very wide range of plasma vitamin E concentrations was observed in the supplemented infants. A word of caution against too vigorous supplementation in small preterm infants is therefore warranted.with the technical assistance of Sissel Kran  相似文献   

19.
目的:探讨幼龄儿童体内血清维生素D水平来分析其与社区获得性肺炎(CAP)严重程度的关系,并探讨CAP的相关危险因素。方法:随机选取2011年10月至2012年4月就诊的CAP患儿103例为研究对象,其中重度CAP患儿15例,轻度CAP患儿88例;另随机选取同期门诊体检的健康儿童90例为正常对照组。采用酶联免疫法测定各组儿童体内25-(OH)D3的水平。结果:重度组患儿血清25-(OH)D3水平显著低于轻度组和对照组(P<0.01),轻度组与对照组之间差异无统计学意义(P=0.674)。多因素回归分析提示25-(OH)D3水平<50 nmol/L和有早产史是重度CAP发生的独立危险因素。结论:维生素D缺乏可能影响幼龄儿童CAP的严重程度。  相似文献   

20.
目的 建立维生素A缺乏的孕鼠模型,观察孕鼠维生素A缺乏对子代鼠胚胎发育和肿瘤发生的作用.方法 取Wismr雌鼠9只,12周龄,体重200~220g.将其分成2组:①维生素A缺乏饮食组6只,受孕前2周起无维生素A饮食直至产后;②正常对照组3只,给予正常饮食.所有雌鼠喂养2周后与健康Wistar公鼠交配成孕鼠.二组孕鼠产后均给予正常饮食,于哺乳期结束后立即处死.分娩后第二天每组分别随机抽取15只新生子代鼠立即处死.其余子代鼠生后给予正常饮食,至生后365 d处死、解剖(如发现中途死亡,即刻解剖).观察二组大鼠产子情况、新生子代鼠血清维生素A浓度、新生子代鼠肾发育形态、子代鼠肿瘤发生率和组织中RXRαmRNA表达.结果 维生素A缺乏饮食组孕鼠产子代鼠51只;正常对照组孕鼠产子代鼠44只.维生素A缺乏饮食组的新生子代鼠血清维生素A浓度为(0.51±0.13)μmol/L,明显低于对照组的新生子代鼠的血清维生素A浓度(0.81±0.15)μmol/L,P=0.000.二组新生子代鼠中均未发现肿瘤组织,但维生素A缺乏饮食组的新生鼠组织中未成熟的肾小球和肾小管较对照组多见.维生素A缺乏组的新生子代鼠双肾中肾源性剩余检出率为60.0%,明显高于对照组(26.7%,P=0.018).维生素A缺乏饮食组子代鼠36只,1只中途死亡,肾母细胞瘤发生率13.9%.对照组的子代鼠无肿瘤发生.维生素A缺乏饮食组子代鼠肾源性剩余检出率30.6%,明显高于对照组子代鼠肾源性剩余检出率(6.9%,P=0.001).子代鼠中肾母细胞瘤组织的RXRαmRNA表达强度为(3.17±0.15),明显低于对照组肾脏组织中RXRαmRNA表达强度(3.58±0.20),P=0.000.结论 大鼠孕期维生素A缺乏会导致子代鼠肾发育差,肾源性剩余增加,肾母细胞瘤发生率增高.维生素A可能通过上调RXRαmRNA的表达来促进肾脏分化和降低肿瘤发生.  相似文献   

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