超低频电磁场与人类健康

超低频电磁场对人类健康的影响问题，很早就已经引起了们们的注意。通过流行病学和实验研究研究。人们发现超低频电磁场与癌症、流产和一些职业病有着很密切的关系。但由于研究中存在的缺陷，对这些关系下结论下还为时过早。危险分析专家建议采取“谨慎避免”的方法来预防超低频电磁场对人类可能造成的危害，而一些低场系统、产品已经在设计生产中。     

低频电磁场影响毛囊生长及KGF表达的实验研究

目的　观察低频电磁场（Low frequency electromagnetic field, LFEMF）对毛囊生长期中再生毛囊的形态学及该过程中角质化细胞生长因子（Keratinocyte growth factor，KGF）表达的影响。 方法　选用雌性C57BL/6成年鼠制作毛囊生长期模型，随机分为对照组和LFEMF组。LFEMF组采用50 Hz、5 mT磁场，30 min/d，连续作用16 d。取两组小鼠脱毛处的全层皮肤，HE染色法观察毛囊生长期中毛囊形态学的改变，荧光定量PCR法和Western-blot检测KGF表达情况。  结果　HE染色显示：3 d时，对照组中未见球状基质包绕毛乳头， LFEMF组球状基质部分包绕毛乳头，毛乳头上部有黑色素形成；9 d、16 d时，LFEMF组中毛囊的长度显著增加（P < 0.05）。荧光定量PCR及Western-blot检测结果表明LFEMF组较对照组的KGF基因转录水平及蛋白水平均上调。  结论　LFEMF能促进毛囊的生长，其机制可能与KGF的分泌增加有关。     

拟除虫菊酯类药物对细胞信号传导系统的影响

拟除虫菊酯类药物对细胞信号传导系统的影响印若元，贺锡雯，李玉瑞（中国预防医学科学院劳动卫生与职业病研究所北京１０００５０）编者按职业卫生中涉及到生产环境中存在的物理因素，化学因素及生物因素等的危害，影响生产工人的健康。在防治危害的过程中，了解有关这些...     

超短波加低频交变电磁场辅助治疗慢性盆腔炎的疗效观察

为了有效的治疗慢性盆腔炎,我科采用物理疗法（超短波加低频交变电磁场）配合药物治疗慢性盆腔炎,取得满意疗效。     

低频电磁场对胶原海绵支架培养的表皮干细胞增殖的影响

目的:探讨低频电磁场(LFEMF)对Ⅰ型胶原海绵支架培养的人表皮干细胞(hEsCs)增殖的影响及其在皮肤组织工程中的作用.方法:将体外分离纯化的hESCs种植于胶原海绵生物支架材料.经LFEMF治疗仪(场强5 mT,频率分别为1、10和50 Hz)刺激hESCs(30 min/d),通过肉眼、镜下观察,HE染色,DAPI荧光核染色及扫描电镜观察hESCs生长情况,并收集培养2、7、10和14 d hESCs的DAPI核荧光染色数据,用显微图像软件分析细胞增殖数目,比较各时间点细胞增殖的统计学差异.结果:hESCs在胶原海绵支架生长良好;各频率组LFEMF刺激均能促进hESCs增殖,频率不同.促增殖的效应不一(P＜0.05).结论:胶原海绵可作为体外培养hESCs的良好支架,在LFEMF干预下可实现hESCs较快速扩增,LFEMF在皮肤组织工程中具有较大应用潜力.     

应力、极低频脉冲电磁场与成骨细胞

电磁与机械环境能够影响成骨细胞的生长与分化,关于其作用机理的研究每年都有大量的相关报道,主要针对细胞内的钙过程综述了极低频电磁场与机械因子对成骨细胞的作用途径,并对它们之间的异同进行了比较。     

135Hz极低频电磁场对Hep G-2细胞骨架及Bcl-2的影响

目的:研究135Hz ELF照射对Hep G-2细胞骨架以及Bcl-2表达的影响.方法:135Hz ELF分别照射Hep G-2细胞6 h、 12 h、 24 h,运用免疫荧光染色法标记广谱细胞角蛋白和抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2,用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜观察135Hz ELF照射后细胞骨架以及Bcl-2的变化.结果:135Hz ELF照射6 h,Hep G-2细胞胞浆中的角蛋白在核周呈斑片状表达,荧光增强;照射12 h,细胞收缩变圆,Hep G-2细胞角蛋白丝状纤维减少,部分呈团块状分布;照射24 h,Hep G-2细胞中角蛋白分布明显不均匀,浓缩于细胞质边缘,多见团块状分布.与之相对应,随着照射时间延长Hep G-2细胞中Bcl-2荧光有减弱趋势.结论:135Hz的ELF照射可引起Hep G-2细胞骨架发生凝集、部分断裂等凋亡形态变化,这种变化可能是由于Bcl-2表达减少所致.     

低频电磁场对BDNF基因修饰的BMSCs增殖影响的实验研究

目的　探讨低频电磁场（LFEMF）对脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）基因修饰的骨髓间充质干细胞（BMSCs）增殖的影响。 方法　通过同源重组的方法,用pAd-easy I腺病毒包装系统在体外构建含BDNF基因的重组腺病毒表达载体(rADBDNF);体外分离纯化SD大鼠来源的BMSCs,rADBDNF感染后,用LFEMF（50 Hz、5 mT）进行干预,连续干预3 d,并设对照组、BDNF基因修饰组、LFEMF组。在倒置相差显微镜下,对经台盼蓝染色的各组细胞进行计数;四甲基偶氮唑蓝（MTT）法对各组细胞的增殖效率进行检测;流式细胞仪分析细胞周期变化。 结果　LFEMF作用于BDNF基因修饰后的BMSCs,细胞增殖速率与对照组、BDNF基因修饰组比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,与LFEMF组相比,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,G2/M期细胞数量明显增多。 结论　LFEMF干预可促进BDNF基因修饰后BMSCs增殖。     

低强度极低频电磁场生物效应及特点

低强度极低频电磁场生物效应及特点陈国璋，姜槐（浙江医科大学微波研究室杭州３１０００６）高强度电磁场对生物体的热效应和激发的神经细胞兴奋的作用是众所周知的，但近十多年来大量的实验研究和流行病学调查证明低强度极低频电磁场也有生物学作用。这里低强度是指不使...     

电磁场生物效应的细胞膜及蛋白激酶信号转导机制研究

环境中低强度的电磁场通常通过细胞膜将物理信号转化成生物信号,进而经细胞内信号 转导途径,尤其是蛋白激酶相关途径进行传递,最终产生生物效应的模式是可能的作用机制,也是目前 生物电磁学研究的热点之一。本文就电磁场与细胞膜及蛋白激酶相关的信号转导的研究作了综述。     

The effects of prenatal and neonatal exposure to electromagnetic fields on infant rat myocardium

Introduction

Electromagnetic fields (EMF) have adverse effects as a result of widespread use of electromagnetic energy on biological systems. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of prenatal exposure to EMF on rat myocardium by biochemical and histopathological evaluations.

Material and methods

In this study, 10 pregnant Wistar rats were used. Half of the pregnant rats were exposed to EMF of 3 mT, and the other half to sham conditions during gestation. After parturition, rat pups in the 5 EMF-exposed litters from birth until postnatal day 20 were exposed to EMF of 3 mT for 4 h/day (EMF-exposed group, n = 30). Rat pups in sham litters from birth until postnatal day 20 were exposed to sham conditions (sham group, n= 20).

Results

In the EMF-exposed group, lipid peroxidation levels significantly increased compared to sham. Superoxide dismutase activities decreased significantly in the EMF-exposed group compared to sham. TUNEL staining showed that the number of TUNEL-positive cells increased significantly in EMF-exposed rats compared with sham. Under electron microscopy, there were mitochondrial degeneration, reduction in myofibrils, dilated sarcoplasmic reticulum and perinuclear vacuolization in EMF-exposed rats.

Conclusions

In conclusion, the results show that prenatal exposure to EMF causes oxidative stress, apoptosis and morphological pathology in myocardium of rat pups. The results of our study indicate a probable role of free radicals in the adverse effects of prenatal exposure to EMF. Further studies are needed to demonstrate whether the EMF exposure can induce adverse effects on the myocardium.     

Nonmetallic electrode system for recording EEG and ECG in electromagnetic fields

The construction of a nonmetallic electrode/lead system for recording biopotentials in the presence of electromagnetic fields is described. The system is simple to prefabricate and about as versatile and easy to use as metallic electrodes and connecting wires. It has been used for acute and chronic EEG and ECG recordings from chelonians (turtles and tortoises) with consistently satisfactory results.     

新一代Aurora电磁跟踪系统在手术导航中的应用

目的针对临床介入手术中的手术“盲区”,以及微创手术中更精准的手术导航需求,本文采用新一代Aurora电磁跟踪技术以辅助手术导航。方法采用Aurora电磁跟踪系统,与含金属材料的手术环境相匹配,利用系统自带的控制软件及其配备的SDK（二次开发包）,笔者使用VC编程语言编写了一套适合临床手术导航的实时显示系统,并在荆州市第一人民医院进行了性能测试和对比实验。结果Aurora电磁跟踪系统的手术定位精度从cm级提高为mm级,导航精度的平均值小于2mm,且可供用户二次开发软件包,编程操作自由方便,与手术器械组合灵活,易于实现手术的智能导航。结论验证了Aurora电磁跟踪系统的优越性能及其在手术导航中的意义,提高了手术导航的准确度和可控性,为临床工作提供了更广阔的应用空间。     

Evaluation of the effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on mammalian follicle development

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of pulsed, extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) on in-vitro mouse pre-antral follicle development. Pre-antral follicles were cultured for 5 days and exposed to ELF-EMF at the frequencies of 33 or 50 Hz. ELF-EMF application did not affect follicular growth over a 3 day culture period, but on day 5 the growth of 33 Hz-exposed follicles was significantly reduced when compared with controls, while the 50 Hz-exposed follicles were not significantly affected. However, ELF-EMF severely impaired antrum formation at both frequencies, as 79 +/- 3% of control follicles developed antral cavities compared with 30 +/- 6% and 51.6 +/- 4% of 33 or 50 Hz-exposed follicles respectively. The follicles with failed antrum formation showed lower oestradiol release and granulosa cell DNA synthesis, but these effects were not related to granulosa cell apoptosis. Furthermore, a high percentage of the in-vitro grown oocytes obtained from exposed follicles had a reduced ability to resume meiotic maturation when compared with controls. These results suggest that ELF-EMF exposure might impair mammalian female reproductive potentiality by reducing the capacity of the follicles to reach a developmental stage that is an essential pre-requisite for reproductive success.     

电磁场在生物医学中的应用

１引言近百年来,人们对随时间作简谐变化的电磁场即连续波电磁场对生物体的各种影响进行了较充分的研究,其在生物医学中的应用也取得了重大进展,形成了一门较为完整的生物电磁学分支,它经历了从热效应到非热效应,从动物活体到细胞及生物大分子,从生物效应到临床应用...