Early recovery protocol in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical cystectomy

IntroductionThe Enhanced Recovery After Surgery program (ERAS), has become the basis of perioperative management after colorectal surgery, vascular, thoracic, and more recently the radical cystectomy. The aim of this study is to show our initial experience using an ERAS protocol.Materials and methodsA total of 47 laparoscopic radical cystectomies (LRC) were compared in this study. For retrospective data analysis, the patients were divided into two groups: Group A included patients who underwent LRC before the ERAS protocol was implemented; and Group B included patients who underwent LRC after the ERAS protocol was implemented.ResultsHospital stay was significantly shorter (p = 0,04) in Group B with a median of 11.73 days versus 17.53 days in Group A. The paralytic ileus is the most common complication in both groups, and only two complications seem to be lower between groups; central vein catheter infection in Group A was 14.2% versus 5.2% in Group B and paralytic ileus in Group A was 35.7% versus 21.0% in Group B. There was no statistical difference between groups in the appearance of minor or major complications.ConclusionThe combination of minimally invasive surgery and an ERAS protocol is a feasible multidisciplinary challenge and is useful in the recovery of patients undergoing LRC.     

An enhanced recovery after surgery pathway in pediatric colorectal surgery improves patient outcomes

IntroductionEnhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathways in adult colorectal surgery are known to reduce complications, readmissions, and length of stay (LOS). However, there is a paucity of ERAS data for pediatric colorectal surgery.MethodsA 2014–2018 single-institution, retrospective cohort study was performed on pediatric colorectal surgery patients (2–18 years) pre- and post-ERAS pathway implementation. Bivariate analysis and linear regression were used to determine if ERAS pathway implementation reduced total morphine milligram equivalents per kilogram (MME/kg), LOS, and time to oral intake.Results98 (70.5%) and 41 (29.5%) patients were managed with ERAS and non-ERAS pathways, respectively. There was no statistical difference in age, sex, diagnosis, or use of laparoscopic technique between cohorts. The ERAS cohort experienced a significant reduction in total MME/kg, Foley duration, time to oral intake, and LOS with no increase in complications. The presence of an ERAS pathway reduced the total MME/kg (? 0.071, 95% CI ? 0.10, ? 0.043) when controlling for covariates.ConclusionThe use of an ERAS pathway reduces opioid utilization, which is associated with a reduction in LOS and expedites the initiation of oral intake, in colorectal pediatric surgery patients. Pediatric ERAS pathways should be incorporated into the care of pediatric patients undergoing colorectal surgery.Level of evidenceLevel III evidence.Type of studyRetrospective cohort study.     

基于多模式麻醉方式的加速康复外科理念应用于腹腔镜膀胱癌根治术的效价分析

目的探讨基于多模式麻醉方式的加速康复外科（ERAS）理念在腹腔镜膀胱癌根治术中的价值。 方法收集2015年1月至2017年12月我院行腹腔镜下膀胱癌根治术和/或回肠代膀胱术的患者围术期相关信息,应用基于多模式麻醉方式的ERAS理念进行围术期处理的为ERAS组（9例）,应用常规围术期处理方案的为常规治疗组（27例）。比较两组患者的住院时间、术后疼痛等差异。 结果ERAS组患者较常规治疗组总住院时间及术后住院时间均明显减少（20 d vs 33 d,P=0.002;9 d vs 18 d,P=0.002）,术中补液量明显降低[5.5（ml/kg/h） vs 8.1（ml/kg/h）,P=0.003],术后按时予镇痛药的患者比例更高（P=0.001）,临时需要再次追加镇痛药的比例更低（P=0.046）,术后首次排便时间更快（P=0.035）。而在住院总花费、麻醉费用和术后并发症方面,两组差异无统计学意义。 结论在腹腔镜膀胱癌根治术应用多模式麻醉方式联合ERAS理念,可以加快患者的康复速度,减少术后对追加镇痛药的需要,对术后并发症无影响。     

加速康复外科在胃结直肠癌微创手术中个体化实施的经验

目的:总结加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)在胃癌、结直肠癌微创手术中个体化实施的经验体会。方法:为82例胃、结直肠癌患者行腹腔镜胃癌、结直肠癌根治术,其中43例行腹腔镜手术+围手术期ERAS(ERAS组),39例行腹腔镜手术+传统围手术期处理(对照组)。观察两组严重并发症发生率、排气时间、胃管拔除时间、引流管拔除时间、一般症状恢复时间等指标。结果:两组严重并发症发生率差异无统计学意义,ERAS组排气时间、胃管拔除时间、引流管拔除时间及一般症状恢复时间优于对照组,差异有统计学意义。结论:ERAS在胃、结直肠癌微创手术中可分步骤实施,遵循个体化的原则更容易推广。     

Aceleração da recuperação após protocolo cirúrgico versus cuidados perioperatórios convencionais em cirurgia colorretal. Um estudo de coorte em centro único

Background

Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols consist of a set of perioperative measures aimed at improving patient recovery and decreasing length of stay and postoperative complications. We assess the implementation and outcomes of an ERAS program for colorectal surgery.

Effects of a new perioperative enhanced recovery after surgery protocol in hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma

Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols are becoming the standard of care in many surgical procedures, although data on their use following hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a new ERAS pathway in terms of the patient nutrition status after hepatectomy for HCC. This is a retrospective analysis of 97 consecutive patients treated with open or laparoscopic hepatectomy for HCC between January 2011 and August 2014. We compared the perioperative outcomes between patients whose treatment incorporated the ERAS pathway and control patients. The nutritional status was evaluated using the controlling nutritional status score. The length of hospital stay (LOS) after both open and laparoscopic hepatectomy was shorter for the ERAS group than the control group. The days of ambulation and cessation of intravenous infusion were earlier and the postoperative nutrition status was statistically better in the ERAS group than in the control group. A multivariate analysis showed that being in the non-ERAS group was a risk factor of delayed discharge. There were no marked differences in the rate of severe complications between the two groups. The ERAS pathway seems feasible and safe and results in a faster recovery, reduced LOS, improved nutrition status, and fewer severe complications.     

加速康复外科联合益生菌对结直肠癌患者术后肠道菌群变化的影响

［摘要］ 目的 探讨加速康复外科联合益生菌对结直肠癌患者术后肠道菌群变化的影响。方法 前瞻性纳入2016年5月至2018年5月江门市中心医院胃肠外科收治的结直肠癌患者126例,将入组患者分为对照组（59例,单纯ERAS组）和实验组（67例,ERAS联合益生菌治疗组）。比较两组患者术后肠道菌群不同菌属数量的变化及菌群紊乱的分度,比较两组患者术后肠源性感染相关并发症的发生率。结果 两组患者术前均出现不同程度的菌群失调（P>0.05）,对照组患者术后以Ⅱ°菌群失调居多,而实验组患者术后主要表现为Ⅰ°的菌群失调（P=0.014）。术后实验组双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌计数总量均高于对照组（P<0.001）。对照组术后出现腹泻、腹腔感染、吻合口漏的发生率比实验组高,但只有腹泻的发生率两组差异有统计学意义,腹腔感染和吻合口漏统计学差异不明显。两组患者术后均无出现脓毒血症。结论 结直肠癌患者围手术期予以益生菌治疗,可改善肠道微生态环境,保护肠道黏膜屏障,加速患者术后康复。     

快速康复外科理念在腹腔镜保胆手术中的应用体会

目的 探讨快速康复外科（enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS）理念应用于腹腔镜保胆手术患者围手术期的临床价值。方法 分析2017年3月至2019年3月90例腹腔镜保胆手术患者的临床资料,其中52例围手术期采用ERAS方案（ERAS组）,38例围手术期采用传统方案（对照组）。比较两组患者相关临 床指标。结果 两组患者术前临床资料具有可比性。与对照组比较,ERAS组手术时间、术后第1天WBC正常例数均无统计学差异（P＞0.05）,但下床活动时间、肛门排气时间、恢复普通饮食时间、切口疼痛评分3分以上例数、住院时间、住院费用、手术并发症均较对照组明显降低（P＜0.05）,而住院满意度明显升高（P＜0.05）。结论 腹腔镜保胆手术患者围手术期应用ERAS理念可以有效地缩短住院时间、降低住院费用、减少手术并发症,从而加快患者的康复。     

Indocyanine green fluorescence angiography in pediatric intestinal resections: A first prospective mixed methods clinical trial

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to establish the feasibility and safety of the use of indocyanine green technology during pediatric intestinal resections. While indocyanine green fluorescence angiography (ICG-FA) has been advocated as an imaging technique to assess bowel perfusion in adults, few studies have evaluated this technology in a pediatric context.MethodsA prospective clinical trial was conducted. Patients 16 years old or younger undergoing a surgery potentially requiring an intestinal resection were eligible. Patients received a standardized intravenous injection of indocyanine green and intestinal perfusion was evaluated. The study endpoints included safety, impact on bowel resection and feasibility and acceptance of ICG-FA in this population.ResultsFrom May 2020 to March 2021, 30 consecutive patients were included in this trial. Final analysis was done on 28 patients with a median age of 15.00 [6.36,85.00] weeks and weight of 5.58 [3.64,11.70] kg at surgery. Adequate fluorescence was achieved in less than one minute for all cases with an average dose of 0.14 mg/kg. No adverse event related to indocyanine green occurred. ICG-FA versus standard assessment of potential resection sites differed in 62% (95% IC 0.41–0.82) of our cases. Qualitative analysis demonstrated that 95% of the surgical team agreed that ICG-FA was safe.ConclusionsThe use of ICG-FA is feasible and safe for pediatric intestinal resections. Introduction of ICG-FA was simple and acceptance rates were high within the surgical team. This fluorescence imaging may be a valuable imaging technology for intestinal resections in pediatric surgery.     

免打结线在双镜联合治疗结直肠息肉中的应用

目的探讨免打结倒刺线在双镜联合治疗结直肠息肉中的可行性、安全性及应用效果。 方法回顾性分析2013年4月至2016年3月,暨南大学第二临床医学院深圳市人民医院胃肠外科施行的59例腹腔镜联合术中肠镜结直肠息肉局部切除并一期缝合的患者,根据术中缝合线不同分组：免打结倒刺线组(34例),普通可吸收线组(25例)。分别比较两组的一般情况、术中肠管缝合时间、术中出血量、术后肠道功能恢复时间、术后住院时间及术后吻合口漏等并发症发生率等指标差异是否有统计学意义。 结果两组的年龄分布、性别比例、术中出血量、术后肠道功能恢复时间、术后住院时间及术后吻合口漏等并发症发生率等各项指标比较,差异均无统计学意义(P> 0.05);但两组的术中肠管缝合时间比较,A组的缝合时间明显少于B组[13.96±3.19) min vs (25.68±10.72) min],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论免打结倒刺线在腹腔镜联合术中肠镜治疗结直肠息肉中是安全可行的。腹腔镜联合术中肠镜治疗结直肠息肉中,免打结倒刺线相对于普通可吸收线可以缩短术中肠管缝合时间,具有不增加术后吻合口漏发生率及其他并发症等特点。     

加速康复外科理念在全腹腔镜远端胃癌根治、胃十二指肠三角吻合术中的应用研究

目的探讨加速康复外科(ERAS)理念应用于全腹腔镜远端胃癌根治、胃十二指肠三角吻合术的安全性与有效性。 方法将2014年2月至2017年10月手术治疗的远端早期胃癌患者60例随机分为两组：ERAS组30例,应用ERAS理念进行围手术期处理;传统组30例,按传统方法进行围手术期处理,所有患者均接受同一组医师手术。采用SPSS17.0软件进行统计学分析,两组术中术后各项指标用( ±s)表示,采用独立t检验;术后并发症比较采用χ²检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。 结果ERAS组患者术后恢复肛门排气时间、腹腔引流管拔除时间、术后住院天数均缩短,术后进食时间明显提前,住院费用明显降低,与传统组相比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后并发症包括切口感染、吻合口漏、吻合口狭窄、胃瘫、肺部感染发生率上两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论ERAS理念应用于全腹腔镜远端胃癌根治、胃十二指肠三角吻合术患者安全、有效,明显缩短术后住院时间,且不增高术后并发症发生率,可加速患者的康复。     

The ERAS protocol reduces the length of stay after laparoscopic colectomies

Background  

The Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol, which is developed to enhance postoperative recovery of patients treated with open colorectal surgery, has been widely adopted. The ERAS protocol has also been introduced in patients treated with laparoscopic colectomy, without data to support its additional value. We investigated whether laparoscopic colectomy in combination with the use of the ERAS protocol leads to a reduction of postoperative length of stay compared to laparoscopic colectomy with conventional care.     

The Incidence of Prolonged Postoperative Ileus After Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery—Does ERAS Protocol Bring Anything New?

A substantial percentage of patients undergoing colorectal surgery develop prolonged postoperative ileus (PPOI). Since the data on its incidence and risk factors in patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery with ERAS protocol are sparse, we aimed to analyse them in a group of 295 consecutive patients operated on laparoscopically for colorectal cancer. The study was a prospective observation of 295 patients. In all of them, the 16-item ERAS protocol was applied. The primary outcome was the occurrence of PPOI. Secondary outcomes were risk factors of PPOI. PPOI incidence rate was 9.8%. In 8 (27.6% of PPOI group) patients, it was secondary to other underlying complication. In the remaining 21 (72.4% of PPOI group) cases, it was primary. In 80.9% cases, it resolved completely by five postoperative days. Using univariate regression analysis, we observed that only the female sex (OR 2.71) was an independent predictor of PPOI development, whereas age >65 years was associated with a lower risk (OR 0.33). Also patients after procedures involving handling the small bowel were more likely to develop PPOI (OR 2.65). The remaining demographic and perioperative parameters were not statistically significant. The incidence of PPOI in patients after laparoscopy with ERAS protocol is low and usually resolves within 5 days. However, longer PPOI may indicate underlying complications. Traditional risk factors for PPOI seem to play a limited role in its development.     

围术期肠内营养在腹腔镜胃癌根治术中的应用

目的探讨快速康复模式下围手术期序贯肠内营养在腹腔镜胃癌手术患者中的应用价值。方法从2013年7月至2015年7月将入选的115例拟行腹腔镜胃癌根治手术的患者随机分为实验组和对照组。实验组患者采用快速康复模式下的围手术期准备+序贯性肠内营养支持,对照组采用传统术前准备+传统静脉营养支持,其中实验组55例,对照组60例。数据处理使用SPSS 19.0软件,两组患者术前术后营养指标、免疫功能指标、肠道菌群变化等用均数±标准差表示,组间比较采用独立样本t检验,同一组不同时间前后比较采用配对t检验;术后并发症采用卡方检验比较组间差别。P0.05差异有统计学意义。结果营养指标:术前肠内营养支持的实验组前白蛋白水平高于实验组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),术后第5天,实验组患者的白蛋白、前白蛋白水平均较术前明显增加,白蛋白明显高于对照组差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。免疫学指标:术后第5天实验组与对照组的CRP水平及WBC水平均显著下降,且实验组下降幅度大于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(均P0.05)。实验组Ig A水平在术后第3、第5天时较对照组同期水平增高、组间差异有显著性(P0.05)。肠道菌群变化:术后两组患者益生菌:双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌计数较术前明显减少(P0.05);而致病菌:大肠杆菌、葡萄球菌等的计数则较术前明显增高(P0.05)。临床观察结果:实验组肛门排气排便时间、首次进食流质时间及术后住院时间均比对照组提前。两组间比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。术后并发症两组均无吻合口漏等严重并发症,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论快速康复模式下围手术期序贯肠内营养支持能改善患者的营养情况,调节机体的炎症免疫反应,增强肠道的黏膜屏障功能,减少肠道菌群失调,降低术后并发症发生,加速患者康复。     

加速康复外科在妇科腔镜手术中的应用体会

目的:探讨加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)策略用于妇科腔镜手术中的安全性与有效性。方法:将拟行腹腔镜妇科手术的200例患者随机分为ERAS组与对照组。ERAS组围手术期采用ERAS策略处理,对照组采用传统围手术期方案处理。术后2 h、6 h、12 h、24 h采用视觉模拟评分法观察两组患者疼痛程度,对比分析两组术后肛门首次排气时间、术后恶心呕吐发生率、术后住院时间、住院总花费及其他并发症发生情况。结果:与对照组相比,ERAS组术后2 h、6 h、12 h疼痛评分及术后恶心呕吐发生率明显降低(P0.05);术后肛门首次排气时间缩短(P0.05);术后住院时间、住院总费用减少(P0.05)。两组患者术后其他并发症发生率差异无统计学意义。结论:ERAS策略可安全地用于妇科腔镜手术,能有效促进术后恢复、缩短住院时间、降低医疗费用。     

加速康复外科理念下经自然腔道取标本手术治疗结直肠癌围手术期疗效

目的评价加速康复外科理念(ERAS)联合经自然腔道取标本手术(NOSES)应用于结直肠癌围手术期安全性及疗效。 方法回顾性分析2016年6月至2018年8月开展的20例接受腹腔镜手术治疗的结直肠癌患者资料,10例行NOSES手术(NOSES组)、10例行常规腹腔镜手术(常规组),两组患者围手术期均采取ERAS处理措施管理,数据采用SPAA19.0软件统计分析。手术相关指标、术后评价指标数据以( ±s)表示,独立t检验;术后并发症等计数资料采用卡方检验;P<0.05具有统计学意义。 结果NOSES组患者在术中出血量、术后疼痛、排气时间、离床时间、进食时间、排便时间、住院天数方面均优于常规组(P<0.05);两组患者在手术时间及淋巴结清扫数目方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。无围手术期无相关并发症。 结论加速康复外科理念指导下的NOSES技术应用于结直肠肿瘤手术,在围手术期安全性及疗效肯定,值得进一步研究推广。     

同时性结直肠癌肝转移一期切除术后并发症相关因素分析

目的:探讨同时性结直肠癌肝转移一期切除术后并发症的相关影响因素及预防措施。方法:2009年6月至2018年6月解放军总医院普通外科行同时性结直肠癌肝转移一期切除术的241例,统计并发症发生情况,分析影响因素,对危险因素进行评估分析。结果:241例行同时性结直肠癌肝转移一期切除术的患者术后共42例发生并发症,发生率为17.4%。其中,吻合口瘘19例(7.9%),腹腔出血7例(2.9%),肠梗阻15例(6.2%),切口感染21例(8.7%),腹腔感染6例(2.5%),肺部感染3例(1.2%)。单因素分析结果显示,高龄、手术方式、术前合并症、原发肿瘤位置、术中失血量是腹同时性结直肠癌肝转移一期切除术后并发症发生的相关因素(P<0.05)。Logistit回归分析显示,影响同时性结直肠癌肝转移一期切除术后并发症发生的独立危险因素为高龄、术前合并症、手术出血量(P<0.05),腹腔镜手术则是其保护因素(P<0.05)。结论:吻合口瘘和出血是同时性结直肠癌肝转移一期切除术后常见并发症,高龄、术前合并疾病、手术出血量较多是同时性结直肠癌肝转移一期切除术后并发症发生的危险因素,而采取腹腔镜手术则可减少并发症的发生。     

Laparoscopic-Assisted and Open High Anterior Resection within an ERAS Protocol

Background  

Due to potentially superior short-term outcomes compared with open colorectal surgery, laparoscopic surgery is currently being implemented in clinical practice worldwide. In parallel, enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programs are shown to improve postoperative recovery in open colorectal surgery. This study reports outcomes in laparoscopic versus open surgery in conjunction with compliance to the ERAS protocol.     

加速康复外科在复杂性阑尾炎围手术期的应用

［摘要］ 目的 探讨加速康复外科如何在复杂阑尾炎（CAA）围手术期应用。方法 将我科2016年10月至2018年10月内收治的92例CAA患者分成两组（ERAS组,对照组）,对照组46例围手术期采用传统外科的处理模式;ERAS组46例围手术期采用加速康复外科（ERAS）处理模式,所有患者均采用腹腔镜阑尾切除术（LA）。观察加速康复在CAA围手术期的完成情况,对比两组的效果及并发症情况。结果 ERAS组术后疼痛评分降低（3.60±1.4 d vs 5.20±1.5 d, P=0.000）,肠功能恢复更快（21.50±7.5 h vs 29.5±10.0 h,术后不良反应及并发症未增加（P均>0.05）,住院时间缩短（4.10±2.9 d vs 7.80±2.2 d,P=0.000）,住院费用降低（7800.0±581.7元 vs 9917.0±672.5元,P=0.000）。结论 CAA围手术期依据个体情况有选择性地采用ERAS是安全、有效的。     

Re-laparoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of postoperative complications following laparoscopic colorectal surgery

BackgroundLaparoscopic colorectal surgery has increasingly become the standard of care in the management of both benign and malignant colorectal disease. We herein describe our experience with laparoscopy in the management of complications following laparoscopic colorectal surgery.MethodsBetween November 2010 and July 2012, data were prospectively collected for all patients requiring surgical intervention for colorectal cancer. This was performed by a full-time colorectal cancer data manager.ResultsA total of 203 patients had surgery for colorectal cancer during this period, 154 (75.9%) of which were performed laparoscopically and 49 (24.1%) performed by open surgery. Ten patients (4.9%) underwent surgery for complications of which 7 were following laparoscopic surgery. Two of these 7 patients had an exploratory laparotomy due to abdominal distension and haemodynamic instability. Laparoscopic surgical intervention was successful in diagnosing and treating the remaining 5 patients. Three of these patients developed small bowel obstruction which was managed by re-laparoscopy while in 2 patients there was a significant suspicion of an anastomotic leakage despite appropriate diagnostic imaging which was out ruled at laparoscopy.ConclusionsLaparoscopy can frequently be used to diagnose and treat complications following laparoscopic colorectal surgery. This is another benefit associated with laparoscopic colorectal surgery which is rarely described and allows the benefits associated with the laparoscopic approach to be maintained.