应用局部皮瓣 压缩-牵引成骨技术修复小腿创伤后胫骨及软组织缺损

研究背景 创伤后严重骨缺损合并皮肤软组织缺损一直是外科治疗的难题。本研究旨在探讨应用局部皮瓣及Ilizarov成骨技术修复小腿创伤后胫骨及软组织缺损。方法 2006年3月-2008年2月收治16例患者,男14例,女2例,平均年龄31.5岁,创伤后至入住本院行第一次手术平均时间为14.4周,清创后平均软组织缺损和胫骨缺损分布为为92.9 cm₂和8.7cm。所有患者均以局部皮瓣修复创面,二期应用压缩-牵引成骨技术修复胫骨缺损。结果 2个肌皮瓣、14个逆行岛状皮瓣用于修复创面,所有皮瓣均成活。15例患者愈合后双侧下肢等长,1例患者患肢差异1.5cm。1例应用Ilizarov环形外架患者针道感染、踝关节僵硬。所有患者均能自行行走。15例患者重返工作,1例失业。所有患者均按照Paley方法进行骨及功能评分,骨评分结果为14例优秀、2例良好;功能评分13例优秀、2例良好、1例较差。结论 结果提示,局部皮瓣 压缩-牵引成骨技术可用以修复小腿创伤后胫骨合并软组织缺损,局部皮瓣是一种安全、有效的修复小腿软组织缺损的方法。     

Clinical value of optimized magnetic resonance imaging for evaluation of patients with painful hip arthroplasty

Background The imaging evaluation of pain in patients who have had a hip arthroplasty （HA） is challenging,and traditional imaging techniques,including magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） and computerized tomography （CT）,are limited by metallic artifact.The purpose of the present study was to investigate the use of modified MRI techniques to visualize periprosthetic soft tissues and the bone-implant interface,and to evaluate the value of MRI for the assessment of patients with painful hip arthroplasty.Methods Fifty-six painful hips in fifty-six patients following primary HA were assessed using optimized MRI,CT and standardized radiographs.The diagnosis of MRI was correlated with intraoperative findings as well as with microbiological and histological examinations （when available）.The sensitivity and the specificity of MRI diagnosis were determined according to final diagnosis.The chi-square test was performed to detect a difference between MRI and final diagnosis.Results Forty-eight patients have received revision surgery and final diagnosis were established.MRI was demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity in detecting aseptic loosening （93％ and 95％）,periprosthetic infection （94％ and 97％）,adverse local tissue reaction （100％ and 100％） and periprosthetic fracture （100％ and 100％）.MRI was determined to be the most sensitive technique in detecting implant loosening for any reason,with a sensitivity of 93.8％ for acetabular shell and 97.1％ for femoral stem,compared to 81.3％ and 80.0％ on CT,75.0％ and 77.1％ on radiographs.Conclusions Optimized MRI was effective for the assessment of the periprosthetic soft tissues and bone.The use of modified magnetic resonance imaging parameters provided a useful adjunct to conventional examinations for the evaluation of patients with painful hip arthroplasty.     

改良骨牵张结合非主干血管带蒂皮瓣移植治疗感染性胫骨缺损

目的探讨带蒂非主干血管皮瓣移植结合环形外固定支架改良截骨牵张对外伤导致的胫骨感染性骨缺损合并皮肤缺损临床治疗效果。方法创面彻底清创,切取带蒂非主干血管皮瓣转移修复软组织缺损,应用环形外固定支架加压固定胫骨缺损端,在胫骨近端横行截骨,术后第7天开始延长,每天延长1mm,分2次完成,直至恢复胫骨正常长度。结果2005年09月—2009年12月,治疗的22例患者均手术顺利,骨感染得到有效控制,术后随访6个月至3年,创面一期修复,骨愈合良好,感染未再复发。患肢经延长后恢复到正常长度,2例患者因跟腱挛缩轻度足下垂。结论改良胫骨截骨骨延长结合非主干血管带蒂皮瓣移植治疗外伤导致的骨感染性缺损合并皮肤缺损效果良好。     

应用外固定架结合皮瓣转移治疗合并软组织缺损的胫腓骨骨折

【目的】总结外固定架结合皮瓣转移技术治疗合并软组织缺损的胫、腓骨骨折的经验。【方法】应用架固定胫骨骨折，根据小腿皮肤软组织损伤情况选用股前外侧皮瓣、腓肠肌皮瓣、腓肠神经营养血管逆行岛状皮瓣等多种不同皮瓣修复。【结果】临床应用52例，其中合并软组织缺损的胫、腓骨骨折急诊治疗14例、骨或钢板外露31例、骨不愈合7例。经1年以上随访全部骨折均愈合，无感染发生。3例皮瓣出现小面积组织坏死，经换药后治愈，其余皮瓣成活良好。【结论】应用外固定架结合皮瓣转移技术是治疗合并软组织缺损的胫、腓骨骨折的有效方法。     

Ilizarov骨搬移技术治疗胫骨感染性骨缺损合并软组织缺损

目的：探讨应用Ilizarov技术治疗胫骨感染性骨缺损合并软组织缺损的方法和临床疗效。方法自2008年3月至2012年3月共收治胫骨感染性骨缺损合并软组织缺损患者15例,男9例,女6例,平均38岁（23～54岁）,手术清创后胫骨缺损平均7．7 cm （3．0～21．0 cm ）,软组织缺损面积平均7．5 cm2（3．6～18．4 cm2）。应用llizarov技术安装外架及固定针,采用骨缺损端同步延长与加压固定、术中直接加压固定或快速加压固定后逐步延长。结果术后所有患者均获得8～36个月的随访（平均16．2个月）,全部患者胫骨缺损在7～28个月获得重建,平均12．3个月。4例骨缺损端术后快速加压获得愈合。2例对合端接触后无骨愈合征象,采用“手风琴技术”,1例骨端愈合,另外1例无效后植骨愈合。9例大段骨缺损皮肤软组织卡压于骨搬运端之间,行皮肤修整断端清理,其中6例同期进行松质骨植骨。14例软组织缺损在骨搬移过程中创面逐渐缩小获得愈合,1例特大面积皮肤缺损经游离植皮后愈合。根据Paley评价标准,本组优12例,良2例,中1例,优良率93．3％。结论应用Ilizarov技术选择的合适的手术方式是治疗胫骨感染性骨缺损合并软组织缺损的有效方法。     

Ectopic osteogenesis and scaffold biodegradation of tissue engineering bone composed of chitosan and osteo-induced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in vivo

Background Chitosan （CS） scaffolds combined with osteogenically induced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells （BMSCs） have been proved to be promising substitutes for repairing bone defects.Nevertheless,the bone-forming and scaffold-biodegrading processes are seldom studied.This study aimed to determine the osteogenic ability of CS/osteoinduced BMSC composites by observing the bone-forming process and explore the relationship between bone formation and scaffold biodegradation.Methods The CS/osteo-induced BMSC composites （CS＋cells group） and the CS scaffolds （CS group） were,respectively,implanted into SD rat thigh muscles.At 2,4,6,8,and 12 weeks postoperatively,the rat femurs were scanned by CT,and the CT values of the implants were measured and comparatively analyzed.Subsequently,the implants were harvested and stained with hematoxylin and eosin and Masson trichrome,and the percentages of bone area,scaffold area,and collagen area were calculated and compared between the two groups.Results The imaging results showed that the densities of implants of the two groups gradually increased along with time,but the CT values of implants in the CS＋cells group were much higher than in the CS group at the same time point （P ＜0.05）.The histological results showed that the de novo bone and collagen formed in the pores of the scaffolds and gradually increased since 2 weeks postoperation in both groups,and the scaffold gradually degraded along with the boneforming process.However,the comparative analysis results showed that the CS＋cells group gained more de novo bone and collagen formation and had less scaffold than the CS group at the same time point （P ＜0.05）.Conclusion The CS/osteo-induced BMSC composites are excellent bone tissue engineering substitutes,and the scaffold biodegradation is accordant with the bone formation.     

游离桡侧副动脉穿支皮瓣移植的临床应用经验

目的 总结游离桡侧副动脉穿支皮瓣移植修复四肢皮肤软组织缺损和手足部复合组织缺损的临床应用经验.方法 临床应用37例游离桡侧副动脉穿支皮瓣修复四肢皮肤软组织缺损和手足部复合组织缺损,其中单一穿支皮瓣24例,多叶皮瓣1例,嵌合肌瓣3例,嵌合骨瓣6例,嵌合肌瓣和骨瓣3例.皮瓣最大面积为16 cm×7 cm,最小为4 cm×3 cm.皮瓣供区保留深筋膜和主要的浅静脉,尽量直接缝合.皮下脂肪肥厚的皮瓣切取后以穿支为中心进行阶梯状修薄.结果 37例穿支皮瓣完全成活,创口一期愈合,仅1例皮瓣后期因为反复溃烂予以切除.随访4～26个月,皮瓣血运良好,质地比较薄而柔软,外形良好,9例应用骨瓣修复的骨折愈合时间3～7月,平均4.2月.全部皮瓣供区直接闭合,供区损害很小.结论 游离桡侧副动脉穿支皮瓣质地比较薄、外形美观、设计灵活、供区损伤小、可以吻合皮神经重建感觉、可以嵌合切取小块骨瓣和肌瓣,是修复四肢中小面积皮肤软组织缺损和手足部复合组织缺损的理想皮瓣之一.     

游离背阔肌皮瓣移植修复上肢皮肤软组织缺损

目的探讨游离背阔肌皮瓣移植修复上肢皮肤软组织缺损的临床效果。方法 2005年7月～2009年8月,采用游离背阔肌皮瓣移植修复上肢皮肤软组织缺损创面16例。其中挤压伤6例,热压伤5例,机器绞轧脱套伤2例,电伤击伤1例,爆炸伤1例,蛇咬伤1例。均合并骨,肌腱外露,合并骨折7例,合并关节开放感染6例。合并血管神经损伤4例,5例伴屈、伸肘功能障碍。皮肤软组织缺损缺损面积6cm×13cm～15cm×32cm;切取背阔肌皮瓣7cm×14cm～16cm×35cm,供区均以中厚皮片移植修复。结果 16例背阔肌皮瓣全部成活,创面愈合满意。术后获随访2～31个月,其中5例皮瓣外形臃肿,二期行皮瓣修薄整形术;重建感觉的5例患者3例恢复保护性感觉。3例以背阔肌作动力重建屈、伸肘关节功能部分恢复。3例供区植皮部分坏死,其中2例经换药后治愈,l例二期植皮修复,余供区植皮均成活。结论背阔肌皮瓣血运丰富,具有很强的抗感染能力。且切取面积大,并同时以背阔肌可作动力重建屈、伸肘关节功能。是修复上肢皮肤软组织缺损和骨外露感染创面的较为理想皮瓣之一。     

Reconstruction of segmental bone defects in the rabbit ulna using periosteum encapsulated mesenchymal stem cells-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) scaffolds

Background  Repair of large bone defects remains a challenge for clinicians. The present study investigated the ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and/or periosteum-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) to promote new bone formation within rabbit ulnar segmental bone defects.

Methods  Rabbit bone marrow-derived MSCs (passage 3) were seeded onto porous PLGA scaffolds. Forty segmental bone defects, each 15 mm in length, were created in the rabbit ulna, from which periosteum was obtained. Bone defects were treated with either PLGA alone (group A), PLGA + MSCs (group B), periosteum-wrapped PLGA (group C) or periosteum-wrapped PLGA/MSCs (group D). At 6 and 12 weeks post-surgery, samples were detected by gross observation, radiological examination (X-ray and micro-CT) and histological analyses.

Results  Group D, comprising both periosteum and MSCs, showed better bone quality, higher X-ray scores and a greater amount of bone volume compared with the other three groups at each time point (P <0.05). No significant differences in radiological scores and amount of bone volume were found between groups B and C (P >0.05), both of which were significantly higher than group A (P <0.05). 

Conclusions  Implanted MSCs combined with periosteum have a synergistic effect on segmental bone regeneration and that periosteum plays a critical role in the process. Fabrication of angiogenic and osteogenic cellular constructs or tissue-engineered periosteum will have broad applications in bone tissue engineering.

     

股前外侧皮瓣游离移植修复四肢远端软组织缺损

目的总结回顾我院运用股前外侧皮瓣的临床体会,探讨股前外侧皮瓣游离移植修复四肢远端软组织缺损的临床效果。方法分析2000年以来,选用股前外侧皮瓣游离移植修复皮肤软组织缺损并获随访3个月以上的病人48例（48块皮瓣）。软组织缺损面积12cm×5cm～26cm×16cm,皮瓣面积13cm×6cm～27cm×17cm。术后随访3～48个月,对皮瓣的外形、血液循环和感觉进行观测。结果本组48块皮瓣,完全成活47例;1例边缘部分坏死,经换药愈合;吻合股外侧皮神经36例,其中30例恢复保护性感觉,未吻合皮神经12例中4例恢复保护性感觉,2例手部皮瓣出现烫伤后溃疡经换药后疤痕愈合。吻合皮神经组与未吻合皮神经组相比较,保护性感觉的恢复率差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论吻合股外侧皮神经的股前外侧皮瓣游离移植是修复四肢远端软组织缺损较为理想的术式。     

改进的游离背阔肌皮瓣修复巨大头皮恶性肿瘤切除后软组织缺损

目的为巨大头皮恶性肿瘤切除后软组织缺损的创面修复探索一种供区隐蔽、损伤小,形态美观的理想修复方法。方法 2006年3月至2009年3月应用在游离背阔肌皮瓣的基础上,根据缺损部位的大小、形状和组织量设计和切取以胸背血管主干、外侧分支及其穿支供血的,保留胸背神经的改进背阔肌皮瓣移植修复巨大头皮恶性肿瘤切除后大面积缺损的创面共9例,头皮瘢痕癌6例,基底细胞癌1例,鳞状细胞癌2例;软组织缺损范围12 cm×8 cm～20 cm×11 cm,病程3～18个月。切取皮瓣范围15 cm×9 cm～23 cm×12 cm。结果 9例移植肌皮瓣全部成活,8例创面I期愈合,1例II期愈合。术后随访3～24个月,1例术后3个月颅内复发,再次切除,其余8例均无复发。修复后不臃肿、平整美观,放疗后均无溃疡。供区愈合后瘢痕隐蔽,供区上肢功能良好。结论改进背阔肌皮瓣移植修复巨大头皮恶性肿瘤切除后形成的软组织缺损供区隐蔽、损伤小、组织量切取灵活、血供丰富、修复后形态美观,是理想的手术方法。本方法在满足受区需要的同时能最大限度地避免或减少供区的损伤。     

A novel and feasible way to cultivate and purify endothelial progenitor cells from bone marrow of children with congenital heart diseases

Background  Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are used in vascular tissue engineering and clinic therapy. Some investigators get EPCs from the peripheral blood for clinic treatment, but the number of EPCs is seldom enough. We have developed the cultivation and purification of EPCs from the bone marrow of children with congenital heart disease, to provide enough seed cells for a small calibre vascular tissue engineering study.

Methods  The 0.5-ml of bone marrow was separated from the sternum bone, and 5-ml of peripheral blood was collected from children with congenital heart diseases who had undergone open thoracic surgery. CD34+ and CD34+/VEGFR+ cells in the bone marrow and peripheral blood were quantified by flow cytometry. CD34+/VEGFR+ cells were defined as EPCs. Mononuclear cells in the bone marrow were isolated by Ficoll^® density gradient centrifugation and cultured by the EndoCult Liquid Medium Kit™. Colony forming endothelial cells was detected. Immunohistochemistry staining for Dil-ac-LDL and FITC-UEA-1 confirmed the endothelial lineage of these cells.

Results  CD34+ and CD34+/VEGFR+ cells in peripheral blood were (0.07±0.05)% and (0.05±0.02)%, respectively. The number of CD34+ and CD34+/VEGFR+ cells in bone marrow were significantly higher than in blood, (4.41±1.47)% and (0.98±0.65)%, respectively (P <0.0001). Many colony forming units formed in the culture. These cells also expressed high levels of Dil-ac-LDL and FITC-UEA-1.

Conclusion  This is a novel and feasible approach that can cultivate and purify EPCs from the bone marrow of children with congenital heart disease, and provide seed cells for small calibre vascular tissue engineering.

     

Quadrilobed superior gluteal artery perforator flap for sacrococcygeal defects

Background Perforator flaps are used extensively in repairing soft tissue defects.Superior gluteal artery perforatorflaps are used for repairing sacral defects,but the tension required for direct closu...     

随意皮瓣修复眶周软组织缺损的体会

 目的总结随意皮瓣修复眶周软组织缺损的临床经验。方法对65例患者应用随意皮瓣修复眶周软组织缺损,皮瓣设计蒂宽1.0～2.5cm,长度根据缺损范围确定,为1.0～3.5cm,长宽比例不超过2.5∶1。充分考虑到眶周各部位创口愈合后对眼睑运动功能的影响,设计尽量短小的附加切口且沿皮纹走行,同时结合患者的个性化要求,作皮瓣的合理设计和选择。结果3例术后有不同程度的皮瓣远端或边缘出现表皮暗红及水泡现象,经积极处理后皮瓣完全恢复;其余病例皮瓣完全成活。随访8个月～2年,创口无明显瘢痕,皮瓣与周围色泽协调一致,质地柔软,弹性良好,功能理想。结论随意皮瓣是修复眶周软组织缺损的理想方法之一。     

原发于泪囊淋巴瘤的影像和病理分析

Background Lymphoma of the lacrimal sac is rare,often misdiagnosed clinically.This study aimed to investigate the imaging features of these tumors and provide suggestions to aid the diagnosis.Methods In this retrospective study,five cases were assessed according to magnetic resonance imaging （MRI）,computed tomography （CT）,and pathological findings.All five patients underwent MRI and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging （CE-T1WI）,of which four patients underwent dynamic contrast-enhanced （DCE） MRI and three patients underwent CT.Results Four cases and one case had a lymphoma in left and right medial canthus,respectively.Soft tissue surrounding the eyelids,subcutaneous tissue in the nasal dorsum,and involvement of the entire nasolacrimal canal were demonstrated in all five lesions.In two cases,the mass invaded the extraconal space.In one case,the mass invaded the adjacent medial rectus muscle and nasal area.Well-defined margins were observed in three cases and ill-defined margins in two cases.All cases showed homogeneous isointense lesions on T1Wl.Four cases showed homogeneous isointensity and one case demonstrated heterogeneous isointensity on T2Wl.After contrast injection,the lesion showed slight homogeneous isointensity and moderate enhancement in four cases and heterogeneous isointensity and moderate enhancement in one case.In the four patients who underwent DCE-MRI,a plateau pattern was revealed in three cases and washout pattern in one case.In the three cases who underwent CT,two cases had isointense and one case had hyperintense lesions.The lacrimal duct was remodeled and the surrounding bone compressed.Conclusions Tumors of the lacrimal sac showed homogeneous and isointense patterns on T1WI and T2WI with mildto-moderate enhancement and a plateau pattern on DCE-MRI.CT showed remodeling of the lacrimal duct with bone compression.     

43例胃神经内分泌癌的临床特征及根治性手术术后的预后因素分析

Background Gastric neuroendocrine carcinomas （g-NECs） are rare tumors that have aggressive biological behaviors and poor prognosis,but the prognostic factors of postoperative patients with g-NEC are still unclear.Our aim was to study and explore the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of patients with g-NEC treated with radical surgery.Methods The clinical data of 43 g-NEC patients who underwent surgery from January 2002 to January 2011 at the Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University were analyzed.Follow-up was conducted by telephone,mail,or returning visit survey.Results The sizes of the 43 neuroendocrine carcinomas （G3） were 1.5 cm × 1.5 cm × 0.5 cm to 7 cm × 8 cm × 1.5 cm.Eight NECs were localized,and 35 had lymph node involvement,of which 1 also had hepatic metastasis.At the end of the follow-up,the follow-up rate was 97.7％ （42/43）,and the median follow-up time was 22.2 months.The median overall survival of g-NEC patients was 36.5 months,and the 1-,3-,and 5-year overall survival rates were 86.0％,51.6％,and 36.7％,respectively.Sex （P ＜0.05） and lymph node involvement （P ＜0.05） were prognostic factors of postoperative g-NEC patients,among which sex was an independent prognostic factor （P ＜0.05）,as a survival advantage of female patients over male was observed.Conclusions Most of the g-NECs were diagnosed at an advanced stage.The prognosis of g-NECs was related with sex and lymph node involvement,of which sex was an independent prognostic factor,with female patients having a survival advantage.     

Complication and safety of ultrasound guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy in 8 025 cases in China

Background Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) was mostly performed with fluoroscopy and/or ultrasonography. The safety and feasibility of PCNL performed totally under ultrasound are not clearly defined. Therefore, we introduce the 9-year experience of 8 025 ultrasound guided PCNL procedures from multiple centers in China performed by the same surgeon, to evaluate the feasibility and security of this technique.

Methods From September 2004 to August 2013, 8 025 cases, 4 398 males (54.8%) and 3 627 females (45.2%), whose age ranged from 6 months to 85 years old, with upper urinary tract stones, underwent PCNL in our center and the supported hospitals. Puncture site selection and channel dilation were all guided using only Doppler ultrasound. Single stones were treated in 1 356 cases, there were 2 817 cases of multi stones, and 3 852 cases of staghorn calculi. The pre- and post-operative imaging data, the intraoperative findings, operation time, perioperative complications, and related parameters were recorded.

Results All procedures were successful. No patients died during the operation. Average operation time was 42 minutes (range 10 to 168 minutes), 4 cases converted to open surgery, and 2 patients lost the diseased kidney due to refractory bleeding in the early stage of the PCNL. Ninety-four (1.2%) patients received blood transfusions and 20 (0.25%) patients needed highly selective renal artery embolization. Fifteen (0.19%) patients had a pleural injury. 5 457 (68%) cases were completed by a single tract and 2 568 (32%) cases added more tracts. The mean stone size (longest diameter) was 2.8 cm (range 1.2 to 26.5 cm). The final stone-free rate was 85.5%. Residual stones occurred mainly in patients with renal dysfunction, medullary sponge kidney, and complete staghorn calculi with a slim calyceal neck.

Conclusions X-ray free Doppler ultrasound guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy is feasible and safe in a variety of cases of renal and/or upper ureteral stones. The probability of radiation hazard and adjacent organ injury is low. The morbidity from major complications was reduced remarkably after special training. It is worthy of wider use compared with fluoroscopy in patients with special kidneys (e.g. solitary kidney, spinal deformity, ectopic kidney) and in infants.

     

Validation of quantitative computed tomography-derived areal bone mineral density with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in an elderly Chinese population

Background The performance of computed tomography X-ray absorptiometry （CTXA） against the dual energy X-ray absorptiometry （DXA） as standard has not been studied in Chinese population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the precision of this measurement and validate the value of quantitative computed tomography （QCT） by comparing CTXA results with DXA results in an elderly Chinese population. Methods One hundred and three females of 46 to 76 years old and 49 males of 52 to 76 years old were recruited from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology study. All subjects underwent hip scans by both QCT and DXA on the same day. For precision determination, 30 subjects had duplicate DXA hip scans. The hip QCT data of a subset of 27 subjects were separately analyzed by two observers and reanalyzed by one observer at a different time. The inter- and intra-observer variations of CTXA measurement were assessed, and the difference and correlation between CTXA and DXA results were analyzed. Results The inter- and intra-observer variations of CTXA were 0.070 and 0.024 g/cm^2 in the femoral neck （FN）, and 0.030 and 0.012 g/cm2 in the total hip （TH）, which were comparable to the DXA inter-scan variations （0.013 g/cm2 for FN and 0.014 g/cm2 for TH）. The results of CTXA bone mineral density （BMD） were highly correlated with those of DXA （R2 = 0.810 for FN and R2 = 0.878 for TH）. The BMD values of CTXA in FN and TH were lower than those of DXA by 21.0% and 17.8% （P〈0.05）, respectively. However, after appropriate transformation, the difference was eliminated and a comparable T score could be obtained. Conclusions CTXA shows good agreement with DXA for the measurement of BMD in the proximal femur, which makes QCT suitable for the quantification of bone mineral content in the hip and helpful for the diagnosis of osteoporosis.     

骨延长术和腓骨移植术治疗创伤性胫骨长段骨缺损的疗效分析

目的：探讨应用Ilizarov技术骨节段传送延长术（简称骨延长术）和带血管蒂腓骨移植结合Ilizarov环形外固定架固定术（简称腓骨移植术）治疗创伤性胫骨长段骨缺损的疗效。方法：按照骨缺损程度、软组织情况及实施带蒂组织瓣改善软组织条件，采用骨延长术和腓骨移植术对32例创伤性胫骨长段骨缺损进行治疗，参照Enneking系统对患肢进行功能评价，并分析2种治疗方法的骨性愈合时间、带外固定架时间、手术后患肢功能恢复程度。结果：随访时间10～52个月，平均36个月。骨延长术组和腓骨移植术组病例骨缺损均达到骨性愈合，平均骨性愈合时间分别为9．5、5．3个月，平均带外固定架时间分别为12、15个月，平均术后患肢功能恢复程度分别为74％、82％。结论：骨延长术治疗创伤性胫骨长段骨缺损具有缩短患者带架时间、减轻患者痛苦、可随时调整纠正畸形等优点，但术后问题较多，需密切随访，及时处理；Ilizarov环形外固定架固定牢靠，为移植腓骨骨愈合、早期功能锻炼创造了便利条件。