腺性膀胱炎6例报告

腺性膀胱炎６例报告聊城地区第二人民医院（２５２６０１）井汉国闫会秋霍立志腺性膀胱炎也称囊性膀胱炎，临床少见。我院自１９９２～１９９６年共收治６例，现报告如下。临床资料：本组男４例，女２例；年龄３１～６５岁；病程２个月至１０年。临床表现为尿频、尿急、尿...     

经尿道选择性KTP激光汽化术治疗腺性膀胱炎(附11例报告)

对11例腺性膀胱炎患者行经尿道选择性KTP激光汽化术，术后联合丝裂霉素膀胱灌注治疗。结果11例患者全部治愈，1～6个月随访未见复发。认为经尿道选择性KTP激光汽化术治疗腺性膀胱炎效果确切，与经尿道电气化切除术比较，具有微创、安全、复发率低等优点。     

膀胱保留灌注白细胞介素Ⅱ治疗腺性膀胱炎

腺性膀胱炎属癌前病变,临床少见。其治疗方法较多,但疗效均不理想。我院自1992年8月以来采用白细胞介素Ⅱ(IL—Ⅱ)经尿道行膀胱保留灌注治疗10例腺性膀胱炎,疗效满意。现报告如下。 临床资料:本组男2例,女8例;年龄28～59岁;病程3个月至3年。均表现为尿频、尿急、尿痛,伴下腹或会阴区不适3例,镜下血尿4例。膀胱镜检查见病变多位于膀胱三角区、膀胱颈部、输尿管开口周围;其中泡状水肿型8例,慢性炎症型2例。均经膀胱镜取活检,病理诊断均为腺性膀胱炎。 治疗方法:经尿道插入导尿管,排净尿液,膀胱内注入生理盐水60ml+IL-Ⅱ10万U,药液保留2小时以上。每天灌注1次,共7次,以后每周1次共4次,最后每月1次维持治疗。 结果:本组均随访3～6个月。3个月随访时,8例患者尿频、尿急、尿痛症状消失,2例减轻,3例会阴或下腹不适者症状消失,4例镜下血尿者尿液恢     

腺性膀胱炎18例报告

腺性膀胱炎是一种膀胱上皮增生性病变,临床少见。1995年1月至2004年1月,我们收治腺性膀胱炎患者18例,疗效满意。现报告如下。 临床资料:本组男8例,女10例;年龄18-57岁,平均为46.8岁。临床表现为尿频、尿急、尿痛14例,肉眼血尿3例,镜下     

56例腺性膀胱炎超声及膀胱镜检查结果分析

腺性膀胱炎是一种黏膜增生性病变，国外统计发病率为0．1％～1．9％，近年来随着腔内泌尿外科技术的逐步提高及活检意识的不断增强，发病率有增高趋势。2001 ～2006年我院共经手术证实腺性膀胱炎患者56例，现回顾性分析其超声及膀胱镜检查结果，旨在提高诊断率。     

腺性膀胱炎21例诊治分析

腺性膀胱炎是一种膀胱上皮增生性病变，1998年6月～2002年4月，我院共收治此类患者21例，获得满意疗效，现报告如下。     

B超诊断腺性膀胱炎1例报告

患者男,61岁。1996年1月始出现尿频、尿急、尿痛及尿中带血丝症状,伴下腹痛。膀胱镜检查诊断为右肾积水,腺性膀胱炎(经病理诊断证实)。行膀胱局部电烧并右输尿管移位     

经尿道电汽化术加膀胱药物灌注治疗腺性膀胱炎

2000年7月～2006年8月，我们共收治腺性膀胱炎患者19例。均予经尿道电汽化术联合丝裂霉素膀胱灌注治疗，效果满意。现报告如下。     

经尿道等离子电切术联合吡柔比星膀胱内灌注治疗腺性膀胱炎30例临床分析

1998年8月-2005年12月，我们应用尿道等离子电切术联合吡柔比星（THP）20mg膀胱内灌注治疗腺性膀胱炎30例，效果满意。现报告如下。     

抗癌药序贯膀胱灌注治疗腺性膀胱炎

经膀胱序贯灌注丝裂霉素、噻替哌，１０－羟基喜树碱治疗腺性膀胱炎。每次１种药，每周１次，６次为第一疗程，后改每２周１次共６次为第二疗程，未愈者重复第一疗程给药，结果：１６例均于第一疗程症状明显缓解，１２例于第二疗程治愈，４例经３个疗程治愈，认为抗癌药序贯膀胱灌注对腺性膀胱炎有肯定疗效。     

Morphology, classification and histogenesis of N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine-induced carcinomas in the urinary bladder of rats.

The aim of the experiments was to determine whether the various types of carcinomas found in the human urinary bladder were reproducible in animals. We added n-butyl-n-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine at a dose of 20 mg/kg/day to the drinking water of 177 female Wistar rats for a period of 40 to 150 days. After a total experimental time of between 150 and 250 days the animals were sacrified. The spectrum of carcinomas induced, includes all the types known to occur in man. The various tumor types occurred with the same frequency as in man and exhibited the same growth patterns. Variously differentiated papillary and non-papillary transitional cell carcinomas comprised 88.8% of tumors registered. 5.1% were keratinized and nonkeratinized squamous cell carcinomas, 2.2% adenocarcinomas. 1.1% were undifferentiated carcinomas and 2.8% were carcinomas of the mixed type with squamous cell and transitional cell differentiation. Histogenetically adenocarcinomas were found to originate from glandular metaplasia and squamous cell carcinomas from squamous metaplasia within completely developed transitional cell carcinomas. Furthermore it was possible to induce proliferative lesions such as von Brunn's nests, cystitis cystica and cystitis glandularis. However, we found no clues to substantiate the development of adenocarcinomas from these proliferative lesions, or for that matter squamous cell carcinomas from squamous metaplasia of the otherwise unchanged urothelium. The present experimental model seems particulary suited for the search of further information regarding the development of tumors in the human bladder.     

Hemorrhagic cystitis associated with adenovirus infection in bone marrow transplantation

A retrospective study of bone marrow transplant recipients shedding adenovirus type 11 in the urine was carried out to determine the association between viral shedding and hemorrhagic cystitis in this population. Weekly urine virology surveillance cultures were obtained during the first 100 days following transplantation. Adenovirus type 11 was cultured from five of 502 bone marrow transplant recipients from 1977 through 1984. In four of these five patients there was associated hemorrhagic cystitis. This contrasts with an overall incidence of hemorrhagic cystitis of 20% in this bone marrow transplant population. A case of hemorrhagic cystitis occurred in a patient following bone marrow transplantation. Recognition of a viral origin of hemorrhagic cystitis may explain the occurrence of late hemorrhagic cystitis in patients despite interventions designed to prevent cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis. Hemorrhagic cystitis may be the presenting sign of a lethal adenoviral infection.     

Morphology,classification and histogenesis of n-butyl-n-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine-induced carcinomas in the urinary bladder of rats

Summary The aim of the experiments was to determine whether the various types of carcinomas found in the human urinary bladder were reproducible in animals. We added n-butyl-n-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine at a dose of 20 mg/kg/day to the drinking water of 177 female Wistar rats for a period of 40 to 150 days. After a total experimental time of between 150 and 250 days the animals were sacrified. The spectrum of carcinomas induced, includes all the types known to occur in man. The various tumor types occurred with the same frequency as in man and exhibited the same growth patterns. Variously differentiated papillary and non-papillary transitional cell carcinomas comprised 88.8% of tumors registered. 5.1% were keratinized and nonkeratinized squamous cell carcinomas, 2.2% adenocarcinomas. 1.1% were undifferentiated carcinomas and 2.8% were carcinomas of the mixed type with squamous cell and transitional cell differentiation. Histogenetically adenocarcinomas were found to originate from glandular metaplasia and squamous cell carcinomas from squamous metaplasia within completely developed transitional cell carcinomas. Furthermore it was possible to induce proliferative lesions such as von Brunn's nests, cystitis cystica and cystitis glandularis. However, we found no clues to substantiate the development of adenocarcinomas from these proliferative lesions, or for that matter squamous cell carcinomas from squamous metaplasia of the otherwise unchanged urothelium. The present experimental model seems particularly suited for the search of further information regarding the development of tumors in the human bladder.

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Zusammenfassung Um Aufschlüsse darüber zu gewinnen, ob das in der menschlichen Harnblase auftretende Carcinomspektrum im Tierversuch reproduzierbar ist, wurde 177 weiblichen Wistarratten N-Butyl-N-(4-Hydroxybutyl)-Nitrosamin im Trinkwasser (20 mg/kg/tägl.) 40–150 Tage lang verabreicht. Nach einer Gesamtversuchsdauer von 150–250 Tagen wurden die Tiere getötet. Das Spektrum der induzierten Carcinome umfaßte alle auch beim Menschen vorkommende Typen. Weitgehende Übereinstimmungen ergaben sich auch in der prozentualen Häufigkeit der verschiedenen Carcinomtypen, in ihren Wachstumsformen und in ihrem biologischen Verhalten. In der weit überwiegenden Mehrzahl wurden mit 88,8% unterschiedlich differenzierte papilläre und nicht papilläre Transitionalzellcarcinome registriert. Verhornende und nicht verhornende Plattenepithelcarinome wurden in 5,1%, Adenocarcinome in 2,2% und undifferenzierte Carcinome in 1,1% der Fälle registriert. 2,8% der Carcinome stellten einen Mischtyp mit Übergangsepithel- und Plattenepitheldifferenzierung dar. Formalgenetisch entwickelten sich Adenocarcinome von glandulären Metaplasien und Plattenepithelcarcinome von Plattenepithelmetaplasien innerhalb voll ausgebildeter Transitionalzellcarcinome. Ferner wurden proliferative Veränderungen der Harnblasen-Schleimhaut wie von Brunn'sche-Zellnester, die Cystitis cystica und die Cystitis glandularis beobachtet. Anhaltspunkte für die Entstehung von Adenocarcinomen auf dem Boden der genannten proliferativen Schleimhautläsionen und von Plattenepithelcarcinomen von entsprechenden Metaplasien der sonst unveränderten Harnblasenschleimhaut ergaben sich nicht. Das angewandte Cancerisierungsmodell erscheint für die Gewinnung von Erkenntnissen über die Tumorentwicklung an der menschlichen Harnblase als besonders geeignet und wertvoll.

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The experimental studies were carried out at the Institute of Pathology (Director: Prof. Dr. M. Eder), University of Munich. West Germany and supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 51), the Curt-Bohnewand-Foundation (Munich) and the Buettner-Foundation (Göttingen)

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The technical assistance of Mrs. R. Polt and Miss H. Vondracek is gratefully appreciated     

The incidence of hemorrhagic cystitis and BK-viruria in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell recipients according to intensity of the conditioning regimen

The influence of BK-viruria, donor background, and conditioning on the development of hemorrhagic cystitis was examined in 90 allogeneic hematopoetic stem cell transplant patients, of whom 15 developed hemorrhagic cystitis. Thirty-two patients had related and 58 had unrelated donors, while 44 received full, and 46 received reduced intensity conditioning (RIC). BK-viruria was more common in patients with hemorrhagic cystitis than in those without (p<0.01), and hemorrhagic cystitis was less common in patients with related donors than in those with unrelated donors (p=0.02). Finally, hemorrhagic cystitis and BK-viruria were less common in patients receiving RIC, rather than full conditioning (p<0.01 and p<0.01, respectively).     

Human polyomavirus: lack of relationship of viruria to prolonged or severe hemorrhagic cystitis after bone marrow transplant

Urine cytology was studied prospectively for the presence of human polyomavirus (HPV) in 17 consecutive patients undergoing marrow transplantation and correlated with hematuria and hemorrhagic cystitis. Of the 15 evaluable patients, nine had cytologic findings consistent with HPV infection during the first month after transplantation. Of these nine patients, two had gross and seven had microscopic hematuria, all without symptoms of cystitis. Hematuria resolved within 30 days of onset, although three patients had persistent cytologic evidence of HPV until 100 days after transplantation. During the follow-up ranging from 8 to 14 months, none of the patients developed hemorrhagic cystitis. Our data do not support the relationship between HPV and prolonged or severe hemorrhagic cystitis previously suggested by others, nor did we see any late onset hemorrhagic cystitis.     

The atypical presentation of tiaprofenic acid-induced cystitis

This retrospective review was carried out to investigate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of 7 patients presenting with non-bacterial cystitis. Patient demographics were different from the usual interstitial cystitis patient population. Each patient was being treated with tiaprofenic acid for arthritis at the time of presentation. After failure of initial medical therapy carried out elsewhere for presumed diagnosis of non-bacterial cystitis or interstitial cystitis, tiaprofenic acid was discontinued and symptoms improved or resolved in all patients obviating further, more morbid treatments. This small group of patients adds to the growing evidence that tiaprofenic acid causes a drug-induced cystitis which is effectively treated by discontinuation of the medication. A high index of suspicion for a drug-induced cause for the symptoms is important for the correct diagnosis and management of these patients.     

Emphysematous cystitis and sepsis: a case report

Emphysematous cystitis is a rare disease that is usually caused by aerobic bacteria. The clinical course can vary from asymptomatic cystitis to fulminant sepsis. We present a case of a 68-year-old man with emphysematous cystitis with sepsis where early diagnosis and conservative treatment led to a favorable outcome.     

Two cases of lupus cystitis with no bladder irritation symptoms

Lupus cystitis is a rare manifestation in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE); it usually occurs in association with gastrointestinal manifestations. We report two cases of lupus cystitis without bladder irritation symptoms. Both cases developed severe abdominal pain, nausea, and diarrhea and showed no bladder irritation symptoms. The diagnosis of lupus cystitis was made by abdominal ultrasonography and bladder biopsy. The patients were treated with intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy followed by oral prednisolone. Their symptoms were ameliorated, and hydroureteronephrosis improved. Thus, when a patient with SLE shows gastrointestinal symptoms, further examinations are required to determine whether the patient has lupus cystitis.     

Advances in Therapeutic Development for Radiation Cystitis

Radiation treatment for pelvic malignancies is typically associated with radiation injury to urinary bladder that can ultimately lead to radiation cystitis (RC). The late sequelae of radiation therapy may take many years to develop and include bothersome storage symptoms such as hematuria, which may be life‐threatening in severe cases of hemorrhagic cystitis. Although no definitive treatment is currently available, various interventions are used for radiation and hemorrhagic cystitis including blood transfusion, bladder irrigation, intravesical instillation of substances such as alum, silver nitrate, prostaglandins or formalin, and fulguration of intravesical bleeding sites and surgery options such as supravesical urinary diversions and cystectomy. Effects of non‐surgical treatments for radiation and hemorrhagic cystitis are of modest success and studies are lacking to control the effects caused by RC. When such measures have proven ineffective, use of bladder botulinum toxin injection has been reported. New therapy, such as intravesical immunosuppression with local tacrolimus formulation is being developed for the treatment of radiation hemorrhagic cystitis.     

Effect of insulin on the incidence of experimental Serratia marcescens cystitis in diabetic mice--relationship between insulin therapy and urea nitrogen content

The effect of insulin on the incidence of experimental Serratia marcescens cystitis in alloxan-induced diabetic mice was studied. The symptoms in diabetes were improved by injection of insulin (1 I.U./b.i.d.) for 3 days. Diabetic mice treated with insulin showed lower susceptibility to cystitis with S. marcescens than non-treated diabetic mice, but slightly higher than normal mice. It was, therefore, suggested that the insulin treatment was important for prevention of S. marcescens cystitis. The prevention of cystitis in insulin-treated diabetic mice was possibly due to the increase of urea nitrogen that inhibits the growth of S. marcescens in urine.