环磷酰胺、煤焦油对豫医无毛小鼠骨髓细胞微核的影响

目的：探讨豫医无毛小鼠（YYHL）及昆明小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞自发微核率变化及化学诱变剂对其微核形成的影响。方法：将小鼠分成6组,分别为YYHL组,昆明小鼠组,YYHL和昆明小鼠注射环磷酰胺组,及YYHL和昆明小鼠涂煤焦油组。采用骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核技术观察骨髓细胞微核率。结果：①YYHL嗜多染红细胞自发微核率与正常昆明小鼠比较差异无显著性（P＞0．05）。②腹腔注射环磷酰胺及煤焦油涂颈背部皮肤后,YYHL和昆明小鼠骨髓微核率均显著升高（P＜0．05）,但2组比较差异无显著性（P＞0．05）。结论：YYHL对煤焦油及环磷酰胺致突变作用的反应与昆明小鼠一致,是一种评价化学物遗传毒性的有效动物模型。     

豫医无毛小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核实验研究

采用骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核技术对豫医无毛小鼠进行骨髓微核实验研究。结果:(1)豫医无毛小鼠嗜多染红细胞自发微核率与正常昆明小鼠无显著性差异P>0.05。(2)腹腔注射环磷酰胺后,豫医无毛小鼠与昆明小鼠骨髓微核率均显著升高,但两者之间无显著性差异P>0.05。提示:豫医无毛小鼠与昆明小鼠自发微核率相似,对环磷酰胶诱变剂的敏感性相一致。     

HLC近交系小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核检测

目的：了解HLC近交系小鼠骨髓微核自发率。方法：将HLC小鼠、无毛小鼠及昆明种小鼠各分为2组，一组取骨髓涂片观察，另一组腹腔注射100mg/kg环磷酰胺，18h后取骨髓涂片观察，计算微核率。结果：HLC近交系小鼠嗜多染红细胞微核自发率与无毛小鼠和昆明小鼠差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）；腹腔注射环磷酰胺后，HLC近交系小鼠与无毛小鼠及昆明小鼠骨髓微核率均显著升高（P＜0．01），但3者之间差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。结论：HLC近交系与无毛小鼠及昆明小鼠微核自发率相似，对环磷酰胺诱变剂的敏感性相一致。     

三种常用染发剂对小鼠骨髓细胞微核的影响

目的以小鼠骨髓PCE微核率为指标,观察三种品牌的染发剂是否具有诱变性.方法昆明种小鼠连续5 d经皮给予受试物,剂量分别为5 000、2 500和1 250 mg/kg,另设阴性和阳性对照组,观察小鼠骨髓嗜多染红胞微核率.结果三种染发剂嗜多染红细胞微核率与阴性对照组比较均未见明显增高(P＞0.05).结论三种染发剂对小鼠骨髓PCE无诱发微核细胞率的增加作用.     

轮叶党参总皂甙对环磷酰胺诱发的小鼠骨髓细胞微核的拮抗作用

[目的 ]探讨轮叶党参总皂甙对环磷酰胺诱发的小鼠骨髓细胞微核的拮抗作用 .[方法 ]进行小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核实验 .[结果 ]腹腔注射环磷酰胺可诱发的小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率明显增加 ,经口灌胃轮叶党参总皂甙的同时腹腔注射环磷酰胺 ,可使微核率显著下降 .[结论 ]轮叶党参总皂甙对环磷酰胺诱发的小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核有拮抗作用     

蓝靛果汁拮抗环磷酰胺诱发小鼠骨髓细胞微核

[目的 ]探讨蓝靛果的抗突变作用 .[方法 ]采用小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验 .[结果 ]腹腔注射环磷酰胺可诱发小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率明显增加 ;经口给予蓝靛果汁的同时腹腔注射环磷酰胺 ,可使微核率呈剂量依赖性下降 .[结论 ]蓝靛果汁对环磷酰胺诱发和小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核有拮抗作用 ,这一结果在临床肿瘤预防和化学疗法上有潜在的应用价值 .     

蝙蝠葛酚性碱抗突变作用的研究

目的应用昆明小鼠股骨骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核实验,研究蝙蝠葛酚性碱(phenolic alkaloids from menispermum dauricum,PAMD)的致突变作用和抗突变作用.方法均在10～40 mg/kg剂量下,连续腹腔注射给药11d,在致突变实验,末次给药6 h后处死小鼠,检测骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率.在抗突变实验,小鼠在于处死前的24 h,腹腔注射40 mg/kg环磷酰胺(cyclophosphamide,CP)或2 mg/kg丝裂霉素C(mitomycinc,MC),末次给药6 h后取样.结果蝙蝠葛酚性碱与对照组相比未诱发骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率的增高(微核细胞率＜3‰).蝙蝠葛酚性碱可使环磷酰胺和丝裂霉素C诱发的骨髓细胞微核率增高数值出现明显的降低.PAMD CP组微核细胞抑制率分别为61.83%、43.51%和22.52%.PAMD MC组微核细胞抑制率分别为31.09%、21.50%和8.29%.结论蝙蝠葛酚性碱具有一定的抗突变作用,而无致突变作用.     

β-胡萝卜素和VitC抗环磷酰胺诱变效应

本研究β-胡萝卜素和VitC对环磷酰胺诱发的小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核的影响，观察到预先摄入足量β-胡萝卜素和／或Vit C15d能减低环磷酰胺诱发的嗜多染红细胞微核率；环磷酰胺腹腔注射后摄入足量β-胡萝卜素能促进嗜多染红细胞微核率的恢复。但Vit C对嗜多染红细胞微核率的恢复无帮助。本实验中未见β-胡萝卜素与Vit C有协同作用。     

β-胡萝卜素和VitC抗环磷酰胺诱变效应

本文研究β-胡萝卜素和VitC对环磷酰胺诱发的小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核的影响,观察到预先摄入足量β-胡萝卜素和/或Vit C15d能减低环磷酰胺诱发的嗜多染红细胞微核率;环磷酰胺腹腔注射后摄入足量β-胡萝卜素能促进嗜多染红细胞做核率的恢复,但Vit C对嗜多染红细胞微核率的恢复元帮助。本实验中未见β-胡萝卜素与Vit C有协同作用。     

灵芝孢子粉对小鼠实验性突变和移植性肿瘤的影响

目的 观察灵芝孢子粉对小鼠实验性突变和移植性肿瘤的影响。方法 健康昆明品系小鼠以灵芝孢子粉（0.2～5.0 g/kgb.w.）灌胃,用环磷酰胺腹腔注射诱导产生骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核后,进行微核试验测定微核出现的千分率。S180瘤源小鼠瘤细胞接种于健康小鼠体内,14 d后取出瘤块进行瘤重比较。结果 灵芝孢子粉可明显降低环磷酰胺所致小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率,也能明显抑制S180移植性肿瘤生长。结论 灵芝孢子粉能抑制或对抗细胞染色体的突变,具有一定抗肿瘤作用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.