女性消化性溃疡6037例的临床特点分析

目的 探讨女性消化性溃疡的临床表现特点.方法 对南宁市17家医院1992～1997年间经胃镜检查诊断为消化性溃疡的6037女性病例进行回顾性分析.结果 (1)共行胃镜检查的104 121例,检出女性消化性溃疡6037例,占检出消化性溃疡的24.89%,其中十二指肠溃疡患者5308例,胃溃疡590例,复合性溃疡134例,食管溃疡5例;分别占女性例数的84.16%、9.35%、2.22%和0.08%(P＜0.01).(2)溃疡部位数共计7187处,其中分布十二指肠6271处(87.25%)、胃911处(12.68%)、食管5处(0.07%).(3)胃溃疡的发病部位以胃窦部(440处,48.30%)常见,十二指肠溃疡则以前壁多见(3082处,49.14%),霜斑样溃疡在十二指肠球后发生率较高.(4)发病人群主要集中在20～59岁的中青年,占全部患者的86.80%.随年龄增长,复合性溃疡的发生率逐渐升高,十二指肠溃疡发生率逐渐减少.(5)检出溃疡部位数是冬季＞春季＞秋季＞夏季,冬春季与夏秋季比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 女性溃疡以十二指肠溃疡多见,球部为十二指肠溃疡的高发部位,霜斑样溃疡在十二指肠球后较常见;胃溃疡的发病部位以胃窦部常见.溃疡以中青年多发,冬春季溃疡检出明显高于夏秋季.     

十二指肠粘膜胃上皮化生的组织学及电镜观察

胃上皮化生是十二指肠球部溃疡病灶旁的一种常见病理改变,我们通过对十二指肠球部溃疡、炎症和慢性浅表性胃炎患者的十二指肠球部粘膜胃上皮化生的观察,探讨胃上皮化生在十二指肠球部溃疡发病中的作用。一、材料和方法十二指肠球部溃疡活动期（ＤＵ－Ａ）患者６１例,十二指肠球部溃疡瘢痕期（ＤＵ－Ｓ）４０例,十二指肠球炎（ＤＩ）１９例,慢性浅表性胃炎（ＣＳＧ）３０例。在常规胃镜检查时,每组病例均取胃窦和十二指肠球部粘膜标本各１块：各组胃窦粘膜标本均取自胃窦前壁２ｃｍ处,ＤＵ患者十二指肠球部粘膜标本取自溃疡旁或溃疡瘢…     

胃癌与十二指肠球部溃疡并存12例报告

胃癌与十二指肠球部溃疡并存１２例报告张银华董涛赵丽赵存新陈洪来１９８３年１月至１９９５年１２月，我院共行胃镜检查２４９４６例，检出十二指肠球溃疡（ＤＵ）２６３４例，胃癌８９７例，其中两者并存１２例，占胃镜检查总数的０．４８‰，占ＤＵ的０．４６％，占胃...     

幽门螺杆菌感染与十二指肠球部黏膜胃上皮化生的关系

目的 研究十二指肠球部黏膜幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染与黏膜胃上皮化生的关系，探讨其在十二指肠球部炎症和溃疡发生中的作用。方法 2002年十二指肠球部黏膜活检的存档蜡块82例，作H-E、改良Giemsa和AB／PAS染色。内镜诊断为基本正常球部黏膜10例；十二指肠球炎47例(其中充血糜烂型16例；隆起型31例)和球部溃疡25例。结果 (1)内镜诊断基本正常的十二指肠球部黏膜，组织学60％有轻中度的炎症细胞浸润，但无胃上皮化生和Hp定植。(2)胃上皮化生是十二指肠球部黏膜最常见的病理变化(37／82，45％)。(3)Hp只有在胃上皮化生的黏膜中才能找到，检出率为76％(28／37)。十二指肠球部溃疡边缘黏膜胃上皮化生发生率(72％)明显高于球炎黏膜(40％)，差异有显著性(P=0．0078)。(4)虽然十二指肠球部溃疡边缘胃上皮化生黏膜的Hp检出率(89％，16／18)明显高于十二指肠球炎黏膜(63％，12／19)，但是两者差异无显著性(P=0．062)。不论何期溃疡Hp检出率均很高，本研究中溃疡活动期、愈合期和瘢痕期分别为15例、6例和4例，其溃疡边缘胃上皮化生中Hp检出率分别高达9／10、5／6和2／2例。结论 十二指肠球部溃疡周围黏膜高发胃上皮化生，使Hp更易于定植，推测如不根除Hp感染，可成为十二指肠球部溃疡复发的重要原因。     

维吾尔族消化性溃疡383例临床分析

目的了解本地区维吾尔族(简称维族)消化性溃疡的临床特点,并发症及幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染情况。方法对2002年1月～2009年12月在我院住院检查确诊为消化性溃疡维族患者的病历资料结果进行回顾性分析。结果 (1)本组资料消化性溃疡患者中十二指肠球部溃疡332例(占86.68%),胃溃疡36例(占9.4%),男女之比为3.16:1,男性明显多于女性。(2)消化性溃疡的高发年龄段为中年,共215例(占56.14%),十二指肠球部溃疡多见于中青年,共302例(占90.96%),胃溃疡见于中老年,共32例(占88.89%)。(3)消化性溃疡的主要并发症是出血69例(95.83%),其中十二指肠球部溃疡出血49例(占71.01%)。(4)消化性溃疡Hp检出356例(占93.47%),其中十二指肠球部溃疡中Hp检出318例(95.78%),胃溃疡中的Hp检出30例(占83.33%)。结论本组消化性溃疡患者男性明显多于女性,十二指肠球部溃疡多见于中青年,胃溃疡多见于中老年,消化性溃疡的常见并发症主要是出血,消化性溃疡Hp感染检出率高,患者无种族差异。     

胃上皮化生、幽门螺杆菌与十二指肠溃疡关系的探讨

目的：研究胃上皮化生、幽门螺杆菌（HP）与十二指肠溃疡之间的关系。方法：应用特殊染色方法对60例十二指肠溃疡球部活检标本进行形态学观察及HP检测，并以50例正常十二指肠粘膜作对照。结果：胃上皮化生率球溃组（81．7％）高于对照组（26％）（P＜0．005）；球部HP检出率球溃组（50％）高于对照组（14％）（P＜0．005）；球部HP94．6％（35／37）生长在胃上皮化生区，5．4％（2／37）生长在无化生区（P＜0．050），轻度，中度，重度胃上皮化生区HP检出率分别为21．4％，64．3％，70．0％，中－重度胃上皮化生区HP检出率高于轻度化生区（P＜0．05）。结论：胃上皮化生与HP相继作用，形成十二指肠溃疡。     

十二指肠粘膜胃上皮化生的诊断及临床意义

目的：探讨十二指肠粘膜胃上皮化生的诊断及临床意义。方法：对58例经胃镜检查确诊的十二指肠球部溃疡患者行十二指肠美蓝染色,于不染区或着色区取材作病理检查和快速尿素酶试验。结果：58例患者中,26例于溃疡附近出现斑片状粉红色不染区,13例出现白色不染区,19例着蓝色,三者的胃上皮化生检出率分别为80．8％（21／26）,15．4％（2／13）和10．5％（2／19）,粉红色不染区的胃上皮化生检出率明显高于着色区（P＜0．01）,25例检出胃上皮化生者中22例幽门螺杆菌（H.pylori)阳性（88．0％）,33例无胃上皮化生者中4例H.pylori阳性（12．1％）,前者的阳性率显著高于后者（P＜0．01）,结论：十二指肠美蓝染色用于辨别十二指肠胃上皮化生效果较好,对针对性取材及[观察十二指肠球部溃疡患者胃上皮化生的动态变化有指导意义。     

十二指肠球后溃疡并发出血的内镜特点

十二指肠球后溃疡是指十二指肠球部第一环Ｋｅｒ－ｃｋｒｉｎｇ皱襞开始至十二指肠空肠曲部所发生的溃疡。本文探讨了十二指肠球后溃疡并发出血的临床和内镜特点，以提高诊治水平。１．研究对象：１．本组１１２例为１９８６年到１９９４年期间在齐齐哈尔医学院第一附属医院、大庆市第七医院消化内、外科住院和门诊患者。诊断依据，全部病例均经胃镜检查确诊１０１例（９０．１８％），球后梗阻进镜失败１１例（９．８２％）后作Ｘ线气钡双重造影６例（５４．５５％）诊断球后溃疡，余５例手术证实。１６例作外科手术治疗符合诊断。２．本组…     

97例肝硬化患者胃镜结果分析

目的：通过97例肝硬化患者的胃镜检查,对上消化道黏膜病变程度与Child-Pugh分级的关系进行探讨。方法：将97例肝硬化患者根据Child．Pugh分级,分为A级、B级两组,观察其食管静脉曲张轻、中、重程度、门脉高压性胃病、溃疡、食管炎及十二指肠球炎发生率,并做统计学处理。结果：97例肝硬化患者食管静脉曲张检出率90．7％,门脉高压性胃病检出率54．6％,胃溃疡检出率17．5％,十二指肠溃疡检出率9．3％,十二指肠球炎检出率27．8％,反流性食管炎检出率10．3％。食管静脉曲张严重程度（x^2=10．95）和反流性食管炎发生率（X^2=6．12）与Child．Pugh级别呈正相关（P〈0．01）,而门脉高压性胃病、胃溃疡、十二指肠溃疡、十二指肠球炎发病率与之无明显关系（P均〉0．05）。结论：肝硬化患者食管静脉曲张严重程度和反流性食管炎发生率随Child·Pugh分级而上升,门脉高压性胃病、胃溃疡、十二指肠溃疡、十二指肠球炎发病率则与Child-Pugh分级无明显关系。     

十二脂肠球部霜斑样溃疡83例内镜分析

十二指肠球部霜斑样溃疡是一种特殊类型的消化性溃疡,在内镜检查时可见充血粘膜区有多个散在小白苔,形如霜斑,而无明显的粘膜凹陷缺损。我院1980年1月～1996年1月,经内镜检出83例,现报告如下。     

Epidemiological Aspects of Peptic Ulcer Disease on the Faroe Islands: An Interim Report

A prospective epidemiological study was carried out from 1981 to 1983 to determine the incidence of peptic ulcer on the Faroe Islands. The annual incidence of first-time-diagnosed peptic ulcer was on the average 3.3 per 1000 inhabitants aged 15 years and older. No significant changes in incidence were observed during the 3-year period. The male to female ratio of peptic ulcer was 2.1:1. The annual incidences of duodenal and gastric ulcer were 2.3 per 1000 and 1.0 per 1000, respectively. The duodenal to gastric ulcer ratio was approximately 2:1 in both male and female patients. The incidence of peptic ulcer observed in the Faroe Islands is very high compared with other countries. The incidence of duodenal ulcer is of the same high magnitude as observed in Scotland, whereas the incidence of gastric ulcer is twice as high as generally found in Western countries and in accordance with the rates found in Arctic areas.     

Epidemiological aspects of peptic ulcer disease on the Faroe Islands. An interim report

A prospective epidemiological study was carried out from 1981 to 1983 to determine the incidence of peptic ulcer on the Faroe Islands. The annual incidence of first-time-diagnosed peptic ulcer was on the average 3.3 per 1000 inhabitants aged 15 years and older. No significant changes in incidence were observed during the 3-year period. The male to female ratio of peptic ulcer was 2.1:1. The annual incidences of duodenal and gastric ulcer were 2.3 per 1000 and 1.0 per 1000, respectively. The duodenal to gastric ulcer ratio was approximately 2:1 in both male and female patients. The incidence of peptic ulcer observed in the Faroe Islands is very high compared with other countries. The incidence of duodenal ulcer is of the same high magnitude as observed in Scotland, whereas the incidence of gastric ulcer is twice as high as generally found in Western countries and in accordance with the rates found in Arctic areas.     

消化性溃疡与幽门螺杆菌L型感染相关性研究

目的　探讨消化性溃疡 (PU)与幽门螺杆菌 L型 (HP- L )感染的关系。方法　取 386例 PU患者胃窦、胃体及十二指肠粘膜组织 ,常规切片后以革兰氏染色和免疫组化染色镜检 HP- L 型细菌 ,并计算检出率。结果　 HP- L 型检出率为 5 3.37% ,其中革兰氏染色和免疫组化染色检出率分别为 5 6 .73%、5 4 .2 9% ,差异无显著性(P>0 .0 5 ) ;胃溃疡、十二指肠溃疡 HP- L 型检出率分别为 5 8.33%、5 5 .5 0 % ,差异无显著性 (P>0 .0 5 ) ;男女患者HP- L 检出率前者 (6 1.18% )明显高于后者 (38.17% ) (P<0 .0 1) ;30岁以下、30岁～、4 0岁～、5 0岁～患者 HP- L检出率依次为 32 .0 5 %、4 1.94 %、5 9.18%、71.79% ,差异显著 (P<0 .0 1)。结论　 PU患者 Hp- L型感染率较高 ,且男性高于女性 ,HP- L型检出率随年龄增长而增高。 PU患者 HP- L型变异可能是导致溃疡迁延不愈、反复发作的重要原因之一     

Epidemiology of peptic ulcer disease

In the United States about four million people have active peptic ulcers and about 350,000 new cases are diagnosed each year. Four times as many duodenal ulcers as gastric ulcers are diagnosed. Approximately 3000 deaths per year in the United States are due to duodenal ulcer and 3000 to gastric ulcer. There has been a marked decrease in reported hospitalization and mortality rates for peptic ulcer in the United States. Changes in criteria for selecting the underlying cause of death might account for some of the apparent decrease in ulcer mortality rates. Hospitalization rates for duodenal ulcers decreased nearly 50 per cent from 1970 to 1978, but hospitalization rates for gastric ulcers did not decrease. Although this decrease in hospitalization rates may reflect a decrease in duodenal ulcer disease incidence, it appears that changes in coding practices, hospitalization criteria, and diagnostic procedures have contributed to the reported declines in peptic ulcer hospitalization and mortality rates. There is no good evidence to support the popular belief that peptic ulcer is most common in the spring and autumn. The most consistent pattern appears to be low ulcer rates in the summer. There is strong evidence that cigarette smoking, regular use of aspirin, and prolonged use of steroids are associated with the development of peptic ulcer. There is some evidence that coffee and aspirin substitutes may affect ulcers, but most studies do not implicate alcohol, food, or psychological stress as causes of ulcer disease. Genetic factors play a role in both duodenal and gastric ulcer. The first-degree relatives of patients with duodenal ulcer have a two- to threefold increase in risk of getting duodenal ulcer and relatives of gastric ulcer patients have a similarly increased risk of getting a gastric ulcer. About half of the patients with duodenal ulcer have elevated plasma pepsinogen I. A small increase in risk of duodenal ulcer is found in persons with blood group O and in subjects who fail to secrete blood group antigens into the saliva. In most Western countries, morbidity from duodenal ulcer is more common than from gastric ulcer, even though deaths from gastric ulcer exceed or equal those from duodenal ulcer. In Japan, both morbidity and mortality are higher for gastric ulcer than for duodenal ulcer.     

Birth-cohort analysis of peptic ulcer mortality in Europe

The age- and sex-specific death rates of gastric and duodenal ulcer are followed in eight European countries over a period ranging from 30 to 60 yr. A cohort analysis demonstrates that the temporal changes of peptic ulcer mortality in the European countries seem to occur in a fashion characteristic of those due to changes in birth-cohort risks. Generations born at the end of the 19th century manifested a high risk of dying from gastric and duodenal ulcer. The birth-cohorts with a high risk for duodenal ulcer lagged 10-30 yr behind those with a high risk for gastric ulcer. Male and female cohorts with the highest risk were born at the same time. The birth-cohort phenomenon is most obvious in male death rates of gastric and duodenal ulcer. A birth-cohort phenomenon would imply that important determinants for the development of gastric and duodenal ulcer occur early in the life of a cohort and that it is these early determinants that are changing with time. The determinants could be environmental factors which interact with the pathophysiology of peptic ulcer from the outside.     

Ideology of Helicobacter pylori prevalence in peptic ulcer disease in an inner-city minority population

GOALS AND BACKGROUND: The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among patients with peptic ulcer disease has been reported to range from 61 to 94%. Recent studies show a reduction in the prevalence of H. pylori infection in patients with peptic ulcer disease. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of H. pylori infection in peptic ulcer disease in an inner-city hospital in Washington, DC. METHODS: Medical records of all patients who had undergone upper gastrointestinal endoscopy from July 1997 through June 1999 were reviewed. All patients who had gastric ulcer and/or duodenal ulcer on upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were studied. Demographic characteristics, history of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug ingestion, alcohol consumption, and associated diseases were studied. H. pylori was considered to be present if CLOtest and/or histopathology were positive for H. pylori. Patients with negative pathology for H. pylori or negative pathology and CLOtest were considered negative for H. pylori. RESULTS: One-hundred fifty-six patients were found to have gastric and/or duodenal ulcers. Fifty-one ulcer patients did not meet the inclusion criteria and were excluded. Among the 105 patients who were included in the study, gastric ulcers were found in 48 patients (45.7%), duodenal ulcers were found in 46 patients (43.8%), and both gastric and duodenal ulcers were found in 11 patients (10.5%). H. pylori was present in 66.7% of gastric ulcer patients and in 69.5% of duodenal ulcer patients. Antral histology and CLOtest were in agreement 96% of the time. CONCLUSIONS: At the District of Columbia General Hospital, an inner-city hospital serving predominantly an African-American community, the prevalence of H. pylori in ulcer patients compares similarly to other more recent studies that have found a decreased prevalence of this bacterial infection in ulcer patients. This suggests that the treatment of H. pylori in minority patients is reducing the proportion of ulcers due to this bacterium, as has been seen with the majority population.     

Monthly fluctuations of active duodenal ulcers

In an attempt to verify whether the periodicity of ulcer-related symptoms would be confirmed by a spring and fall exacerbation of peptic ulcers, we have analyzed the montly variation of active duodenal ulcers found at endoscopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract in the years 1979–1981. Control diagnoses were active gastric ulcers, gastric and rectal adenocarcinomas, and rheumatoid arthritis. Data were also available on hospital admission for perforated ulcers. The calendar fluctuation of active duodenal ulcer is characterized by a significant fall in August which is associated with July and fall peaks. This pattern of variation for duodenal ulcer was evident in both sexes and across the different decades of age. Duodenal ulcer diagnosis and hospitalization for perforated ulcer fluctuated in a similar way. The shape of monthly variation for active duodenal ulcer was not paralleled by similar changes in gastric ulcers and in the control diagnoses, gastric and rectal carcinomas, and rheumatoid arthritis.     

Racial differences in peptic ulcer frequency in Singapore

Several hospital series of peptic ulcer patients have suggested that ulcer prevalence may be different in the different races in Singapore. However, such studies may be biased because different races use hospital services differently and also because hospital catchment populations are difficult to define. In the present study the racial composition of a consecutive series of 1248 peptic ulcer patients seen in two medical units of a general hospital was compared to that of 2023 general medical patients attending the same units. For both sexes, the racial structure of the gastric ulcer as well as the duodenal ulcer patients was significantly different from that of the general medical group. There was an excess of Chinese patients of both sexes with gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer. In contrast, the numbers of male Malay gastric ulcer, male Malay duodenal ulcer, female Malay duodenal ulcer as well as Indian gastric ulcer patients of both sexes were fewer than expected. These results cannot be accounted for by racial differences in either health-seeking behaviour or analgesic and tobacco usage. These observations confirm the probable occurrence of racial differences in peptic ulcer frequency in Singapore.     

Observations on peptic ulcer in Shan Dong, China

The study consisted of 10 994 inpatients with peptic ulcer in Shan Dong province. The ratio of duodenal to gastric ulcer was 1.59 : 1. The ratio of males to females was 6.8 : 1 for duodenal ulcer and 4.6 : 1 for gastric ulcer. The highest incidence was in adolescence and young adults and the presentation occurred more commonly in winter. A study of blood groups revealed that there was no relationship between blood group and duodenal or gastric ulcer. The majority (71.9%) of patients with peptic ulcer had complications of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, perforation or gastric outlet obstruction. Bleeding and obstruction were equally common in gastric and duodenal ulcer, but perforation was more common in gastric ulcer.     

消化性溃疡与幽门螺杆菌感染关系的中西医结合研究

经过纤维胃镜检查的３６１０例病人中有７７８例为消化性溃疡病人。对其中４０１例消化性溃疡病人胃窦部粘膜作了幽门螺杆菌（ＨＰ）检测、ＨＰ阳性者为３５６例，阳性率为８６．６％。与同期检测胃炎组阳性率５５．１％相比明显为高，差异显著。ＨＰ被认为是慢性胃窦炎的主要病因，也是消化性溃疡的重要致病因素。根除ＨＰ可提高ＤＵ治愈率，降低ＤＵ复发。ＨＰ阳性率在中医证型中表现为非脾虚组明显高于脾虚组，其中以脾胃湿热组最高。