口腔矫正器治疗男性阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征合并勃起功能障碍的疗效观察

目的:评价口腔矫正器治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)合并勃起功能障碍(ED)患者的效果。方法:纳入OSAHS合并ED患者40例,依据患者OSAHS病情程度分为轻中度OSAHS组[A组,睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)≤30次/h,最低氧饱和度(SaO2)≥80%]和重度OSAHS组(B组,AHI30次/h,SaO280%),应用口腔矫正器治疗3个月后,比较两组患者治疗前后AHI、最低SaO2、"性活动日志"(SEP)阳性回答率、勃起功能国际问卷5(IIEF-5)评分的变化。结果:共3例患者不能耐受口腔矫正器而放弃治疗,其余37例患者完成治疗,其中A组16例,B组21例。治疗3个月后,两组患者AHI均较治疗前显著降低[(14.2±6.6)次/h vs(21.4±7.3)次/h,(29.7±8.1)次/h vs(51.4±9.5)次/h,P0.05];A、B组IIEF-5评分分别增加(1.12±1.27)、(3.36±2.48)分,A组增加显著低于B组(P0.05);A组患者对SEP2和SEP3回答"是"的比例明显低于B组(37.5%vs 76.2%,25.0%vs 61.9%,P均0.05)。结论:口腔矫正器治疗能改善OSAHS合并ED患者的勃起功能,对重度OSAHS合并ED患者的勃起功能改善更明显。     

经鼻持续气道正压通气对糖尿病肾病伴阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患者VEGF及ICAM-1的影响

目的:探讨经鼻持续气道正压通气(nasal continuous positive air pressure,nCPAP)治疗对糖尿病肾病(diabeticnephropathy,DN)伴阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome,OSAS)患者VEGF及ICAM-1的影响。方法:选择临床确诊的DN伴中度鼾症患者36例,年龄35岁～62岁。随机分为治疗组及对照组,对照组给予常规治疗血糖、血压以及血脂等药物,治疗组系在对照组基础上,同时给予nCPAP治疗3个月,检测指标:(1)血压、血糖、糖化血红蛋白、肾功能、血脂及24h尿蛋白定量等。(2)采用定量酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血清VEGF、ICAM-1水平。(3)常规检测血氧饱和度(SaO2)及呼吸暂停低通气指数(apnea-hypopnea index,AHI)。结果:经过3月的nCPAP治疗,两组治疗后患者血压、血肌酐、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白以及血脂水平差异无统计学意义(所有P>0.05),两组患者治疗前血氧饱和度、以及AHI未见明显差异;经nCPAP治疗后治疗组比对照组AHI显著下降(P<0.05),夜间MSaO2以及LSaO2大幅提高(P<0.05),治疗后两组血清VEGF、ICAM-1以及24h尿蛋白均有减少,治疗组与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在常规疗法基础上,nCPAP治疗可能通过调节OSAS合并DN患者VEGF以及ICAM-1表达水平,从而达到减少尿蛋白,减轻肾脏损伤的目的。     

神经功能的改善在糖尿病性勃起障碍治疗中的作用

目的探讨改善神经功能在糖尿病性勃起障碍(ED)治疗中的作用。方法:将70名糖尿病性ED患者随机分为Ⅰ组(空白对照组)、Ⅱ组(给予甲钴胺、西洛他唑和十一酸睾酮口服治疗),采用随机、对照试验方法,观察患者神经传导速度和勃起功能的变化。结果:治疗3个月后,Ⅱ组患者腓总神经和胫神经的传导速度较治疗前及对照组患者明显增快,神经功能明显改善(P<0.01),患者的国际勃起功能指数(IIEF)评分明显上升,勃起功能较治疗前及对照组明显改善(与治疗前相比P<0.01,与对照组相比P<0.05),IIEF评分与腓总神经和胫神经的传导速度呈明显正相关。结论:改善神经功能可明显改善糖尿病性ED患者的勃起功能,在治疗ED患者时,应关注患者神经功能的改善。     

主动脉夹层与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征关系的临床研究

目的:研究主动脉夹层与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的关系。方法:回顾分析41例合并高血压的主动脉夹层患者的临床资料,设为主动脉夹层组,并选取41例具有年龄、性别及体质量指数相近的高血压患者作为对照组,分析OSAHS与主动脉夹层之间的关系。结果:夹层组的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征发病率较对照组明显升高(P0.05),且夹层组合并OSAHS者睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)较对照组升高,平均Sa O2降低(P0.05)。结论:主动脉夹层的发生与睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征可能有关。     

西地那非治疗勃起功能障碍的临床疗效

目的 :观察西地那非对不同年龄和病因勃起功能障碍 (ED)病人的疗效。　方法 :88例ED病人口服不同剂量的西地那非 4～ 2 2周 ,以国际勃起功能指数 5 (IIEF 5 )评分为评估标准判断疗效 ,设对照组作比较。　结果 :西地那非治疗ED病人的总疗效率为 80 .7% ,IIEF 5值上升幅度与西地那非疗效呈正相关。不同年龄ED病人的疗效无明显差异。神经性ED病人的显效率和IIEF 5值与心因性病人差异显著。　结论 :西地那非治疗ED是安全有效的 ,IIEF 5可作为评判ED疗效的可靠指标。     

西地那非治疗合并勃起功能障碍的早泄病人的临床观察

目的 :评价枸橼酸西地那非对合并勃起功能障碍 (ED)的早泄病人的临床疗效和安全性。　方法 :45例诊断为合并ED早泄病人 ,以西地那非片可调整用药方案治疗 1～ 3个月。以阴道内射精潜伏期及配偶性交满意度来评价早泄治疗效果 ,并评估ED的总体疗效和治疗满意度 ,比较治疗前后的国际勃起功能指数评分 5 (IIEF 5 )。　结果 :早泄改善者共 2 7例 ,有效率为 6 0 %。勃起功能改善者共 40例 ,改善率为 88.88%。 2 7例早泄有效者均为 5 0mg西地那非改善了勃起功能的病人 ,且满意率为81.48%;18例早泄无效者中ED治疗满意率仅为 5 .5 6 %。在早泄有效者和无效者间比较其治疗前、后IIEF 5评分及增加值 ,差异均有显著性 (P <0 .0 0 1)。不良反应共 9例(2 0 %) ,均为轻度或中度 ,未经特殊处理即自行缓解。　结论 :对合并ED的早泄病人 ,枸橼酸西地那非片能安全有效地改善其勃起功能 ,如获得满意疗效多能使病人早泄得到改善。     

口腔矫正器联合他达拉非治疗重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征合并ED的疗效分析

目的:评价口腔矫正器联合他达拉非治疗重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)合并勃起功能障碍(ED)患者的效果。方法:纳入重度OSAHS合并ED患者90例,随机分为3组:口腔矫正器治疗组(A组)、他达拉非治疗组(B组)及联合治疗组(C组),各30例,A组应用口腔矫正器连续治疗3个月,B组每日口服他达拉非1次,每次10 mg,C组联合应用口腔矫正器和口服他达拉非治疗。治疗3个月后,比较3组患者治疗前后"性活动日志"(SEP)阳性回答率、勃起功能国际问卷-5(IIEF-5)评分的变化及患者配偶性生活总体满意度。结果:A组、C组分别有1例、2例患者不能耐受口腔矫正器而放弃治疗,其余87例患者完成治疗,其中A组29例,B组30例,C组28例。治疗3个月后,C组患者IIEF-5评分增值(4.18±1.19)分显著高于A组(2.66±1.63)分及B组(2.77±1.74)分(P分别为0.009、0.026);C组患者插入阴道的成功率(85.7%)显著高于A组(58.6%)、B组(53.3%)(P分别为0.023、0.008);C组患者完成性生活的成功率(64.3%)显著高于A组(37.9%)、B组(33.3%)(P分别为0.047、0.018);A组、C组患者配偶对性生活总体满意程度显著高于B组(P分别为0.027、0.007)。结论:口腔矫正器联合他达拉非能有效治疗重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征合并勃起功能障碍患者,其治疗效果优于单纯用口腔矫正器治疗或单纯他达拉非治疗。     

全程护理对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者正压通气治疗依从性的影响

目的探讨全程护理模式对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者正压通气治疗依从性的影响。方法将88例愿意接受正压通气治疗的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各44例。对照组采用传统护理模式,治疗组实施院内、院外全程护理模式。比较两组患者6个月后呼吸机使用情况、嗜睡评分和多导睡眠图各项参数。结果护理干预6个月后,治疗组患者持续气道正压通气治疗依从性显著高于对照组,嗜睡评分显著低于对照组,呼吸暂停低通气指数、最低血氧饱和度、0.90的氧减时间比等参数较对照组有显著改善(P0.05,P0.01)。结论采用全程护理模式,可提高阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者正压通气治疗依从性,改善其相关症状。     

他达拉非不同给药方案对初次性生活失败的男性勃起功能障碍患者疗效观察

目的:评估他达拉非3种不同给药方案对初次性生活失败的年轻男性勃起功能障碍(ED)患者疗效。方法:将夜间阴茎勃起硬度检查正常、心理治疗无效的初次性生活失败的年轻男性ED患者分为他达拉非每日小剂量口服组(每日夜间睡前1~2 h口服他达拉非5 mg)、按需治疗组(性生活前1~2 h口服他达拉非10~20 mg,根据勃起硬度调整剂量)、每日小剂量与按需治疗联合组(无性生活时每日夜间口服他达拉非5 mg,性生活当日于性生活前1~2 h一次性服用他达拉非10~20 mg、其剂量根据勃起硬度确定)共3组,分别给予相应治疗2~3个月。以国际勃起功能指数(IIEF)5个专项评分分别评估疗效。结果:3组IIEF勃起功能、性高潮、插入满意度、总体满意度专项评分较治疗前均显著提高(P均0.05或0.01);按需治疗较每日小剂量治疗显著提高勃起功能和性高潮专项评分(P0.05),但在性欲专项评分方面,其效果低于每日小剂量治疗;当给予联合治疗时,5个专项评分均得到了最佳改善(P均0.05)。结论:由于缺乏专业的性心理治疗机构和医生,单纯心理治疗对心理性ED患者疗效较差,以每日小剂量口服联合按需服用他达拉非可明显提高初次性生活失败的年轻男性ED患者疗效。     

预置可拆除膀胱颈荷包缝合法耻骨上经膀胱前列腺切除术对性功能的影响

目的 :评价预置可拆除膀胱颈荷包缝合法耻骨上经膀胱前列腺切除术对性功能的影响。　方法 :回顾性研究 2 0 0 0年 1月～ 2 0 0 3年 9月应用预置可拆除膀胱颈荷包缝合法耻骨上经膀胱前列腺切除术治疗的老年良性前列腺增生 (BPH)患者 1 1 0例 ,主要以国际勃起功能指数 5 (IIEF 5 )填写问答表格的方法 ,评价患者手术前后性功能的变化。　结果 :5 8例术前性功能正常者 ,术后 1 2例发生ED(轻度 7例 ,重度 5例 ) ;30例术前有轻度ED者 ,术后 4例发生重度ED ,5例勃起功能恢复 (IIEF 5评分 >2 1分 ) ,2 1例变化不明显 ;2 2例术前重度勃起功能障碍者 ,术后有7例IIEF 5评分增加 ( 4例成轻度 ,3例 >2 1分 )。手术前后IIEF 5评分差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。术前 6 8%的患者有晨间阴茎勃起 ,术后为 75 % (P >0 .0 5 )。 1 6例出现逆行射精 ,发生率约为 1 9%。 80 %的患者认为手术本身对性功能无影响。　结论 :预置可折除膀胱颈荷包缝合法耻骨上经膀胱前列腺切除术对性功能的影响少 ,是一种治疗老年男性BPH的安全的重要手段     

男性患者肾移植前后的阴茎勃起功能研究

目的　探讨男性肾功能衰竭患者肾移植前后的阴茎勃起功能,以提高肾移植患者的生存质量。方法　50例男性肾功能衰竭患者在肾移植前后填写国际勃起功能指数(IIEF)调查表,并同时测定性激素水平。结果　肾移植前阴茎勃起功能障碍(ED)发病率为84 %,肾移植后肾功能正常时降至54 %(P<0.05);术前血液透析时间在6个月以内者IIEF评分高于透析时间在6~24个月和超过24个月者;不论患者的年龄大小,肾移植术后IIEF评分均有不同程度的提高(P<0.05);肾移植后血清睾酮水平上升(P<0.05),雌二醇和催乳激素明显下降(P<0.05, P<0.01)。结论　肾移植能有效改善肾功能衰竭患者的阴茎勃起状况,受者术后的心理疏导有助于降低ED发病率。     

Erectile dysfunction and disease-specific quality of life in patients with obstructive sleep apnea

Several reports have suggested a high incidence of erectile dysfunction (ED) among patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between OSAS and ED, or disease-specific quality of life (QOL) in patients with OSAS. In addition, we analyzed specific polysomnographic (PSG) parameters in predicting ED in OSAS patients. In total, 32 patients with OSAS and 27 normal controls were asked to complete the Korean versions of the International Index of Erectile Function questionnaire (KIIEF-5) and the Calgary Sleep Apnea Quality of Life Index (SAQLI). All patients then underwent a full-night in-laboratory PSG examination. Patients were diagnosed with OSAS if they had clinical symptoms suggestive of OSAS for at least 1 year and an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of more than 10 in PSG. Nineteen patients (59.3%) in the OSAS group showed ED, which was significantly higher than in the control group (8 patients, 29.6%, P=0.012). In addition, SAQLI scores worsened as AHI increased (r=0.327, P=0.011) and as the lowest oxygen saturation level decreased (r=0.420, P=0.001). ED was not significantly correlated with AHI (r=0.061, P=0.649); however, it was significantly correlated with the lowest oxygen saturation decreased (r=0.338, P=0.009). When the cutoff value for the lowest oxygen saturation level to predict ED was set at 77%, its positive predictive value was 88.9% (sensitivity=0.70, specificity=0.62). Thus, all male patients with OSAS should be screened for erectile dysfunction and more comprehensive consultation is needed, especially, if their lowest oxygen saturation levels are below 77%.     

糖尿病并勃起功能障碍的中西医结合治疗

目的：观察糖尿病并勃起功能障碍的中西医结合治疗临床疗效。方法：将120名患者随机分为两组,观察组使用万艾可加中药治疗,对照组使用万艾可治疗。分别记录治疗前及治疗后3个月时的国际勃起功能指数评分（IIEF）及睾酮（T）的变化。结果：观察组IIEF评分及T的变化显著优于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论：通过辨证论治,利用中药偏性,施以六味地黄汤加减进行中西医结合治疗,可较好地改善患者睾酮水平及IIEF指数。     

Erectile dysfunction in men with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: a randomized study of the efficacy of sildenafil and continuous positive airway pressure

The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of sildenafil and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in men with erectile dysfunction (ED) and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). In all, 30 men were randomly treated for 12 weeks either with sildenafil 100 mg before intercourse (15 men) or CPAP during night time sleep (15 men). Under sildenafil, 97/180 (53.9%) of attempted intercourses were successful compared to 33/138 (23.9%) under CPAP. The mean IIEF (erectile function domain score) was 12.9 and 9.3 after sildenafil and CPAP treatment, respectively (P=0.007), compared to 7.9 and 7 at baseline. In all, 53.3% of patients were satisfied with sildenafil and 20% with CPAP for ED treatment (P=0.058). Although sildenafil was superior to CPAP, comorbidities and OSAS per se possibly resulted in a lower effectiveness of sildenafil compared to that in the general population of ED men. While about half of the patients were not satisfied even with the more effective treatment, we conclude that a combination of the two therapeutic tools or a different therapeutic mode should be studied further.     

Efficacy and safety of sildenafil for treating erectile dysfunction in patients on dialysis

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of sildenafil for erectile dysfunction (ED) in patients on haemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD), as men with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) often have sexual dysfunction (up to 82% among those on chronic dialysis). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty-one patients with ED and in ESRD participated in an open-label prospective study. Thirty patients on HD and 11 on PD were asked to complete the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) and Fugl-Meyer life-satisfaction scale before and after sildenafil treatment. A total score in the erectile function domain of < or = 25 was accepted as indicating ED. All patients were started on a 25-mg dose, which was increased to 50 mg if there was no response after two trials. In addition, the overall efficacy question was used to evaluate satisfaction, and patients reported any side-effects during treatment. RESULTS: The erectile function and intercourse satisfaction domains improved significantly in both groups (P < 0.01). After sildenafil treatment, two-thirds of those on HD (20/30) and nine of the 11 on PD recovered their erectile function. The pretreatment scores on the IIEF and four domains (except sexual desire) of those responding were significantly higher than in those not responding (P < 0.05). The satisfaction rate on the overall efficacy question was 80% and 82% for the HD and PD groups, respectively. At least one side-effect was seen in 17 patients (43%); one had severe hypotension in the PD group. Overall, mild headache (seven patients, 18%) and flushing (12, 30%) were reported most often. CONCLUSIONS: Sildenafil is a safe and satisfactory drug for improving erectile function in patients with ESRD. Patients were satisfied whether treated by HD or PD. Pretreatment scores on the IIEF may be useful for predicting the success of treatment.     

伐地那非治疗老年糖尿病性勃起功能障碍疗效分析

目的:观察伐地那非治疗老年糖尿病(DM)性勃起功能障碍(ED)患者的临床疗效和安全性。方法:选择男性科门诊100例老年ED患者,其中DMED40例,非DMED60例。2组均使用伐地那非,首次剂量20mg,以后维持剂量10mg,1次/周,连续8周。采用国际勃起功能问卷勃起功能评分(IIEF-5)和勃起质量量表问卷(EQS)对患者勃起功能状况进行评估。结果:治疗前后,DMED组患者IIEF-5和EQS评分值分别为(8.1±0.5)分,(18.9±0.2)分(P<0.01);(9.1±1.3)分,(25.1±1.4)分(P<0.01);非DMED组患者评分值分别为(10.1±0.3)分,(21.1±0.2)分(P<0.01),(10.1±1.7)分,(34.2±1.2)分(P<0.01),2组间统计学处理差异有显著性(P<0.05)。DMED组显效17例(42.5%),有效9例(22.5%),总有效率65%。非DMED组显效28例(46.7%),有效16例(26.7%),总有效率73.3%。DMED和非DMED2组间统计学处理差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:伐地那非治疗能显著改善老年DMED患者的勃起能力,提高生活质量。     

Preferences for sexual information resources in patients treated for early-stage prostate cancer with either radical prostatectomy or brachytherapy

OBJECTIVE: To identify the preferences for sexual information resources of patients before and after definitive treatment for early-stage prostate cancer with either radical prostatectomy (RP) or brachytherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Two hundred patients (mean age 64 years) treated with either RP or brachytherapy were recruited from radiation oncology (100) and urology (100) outpatient clinics. Patients completed a survey questionnaire to identify the types of information used, preferred sources of information, knowledge of treatments for erectile dysfunction (ED), effect of sexual function on the treatment decision, and the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) to assess their current level of sexual function. RESULTS: Urologists were identified as the main source of sexual information. Written information, Internet access and videos were identified as preferred sources of information before and after treatment. The effects of treatment on sexual function had no apparent significant influence on the men's definitive treatment choice. Compared with patients in the brachytherapy group, patients in the RP group reported having significantly higher levels of sexual desire (P < 0.001) after treatment, but otherwise the erectile domains of the groups were remarkably similar. Two-thirds of patients wanted more information on the effects of treatment on sexual function, and on available treatments for ED. CONCLUSIONS: These results support the need for physicians to offer patients access to information on the effect of treatment for early-stage prostate cancer on erectile function before and after treatment.     

Sildenafil citrate treatment for erectile dysfunction after kidney transplantation

OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to analyze the morbidity of organic erectile dysfunction (ED) in kidney-transplant patients and to evaluate the efficacy and reliability of sildenafil citrate treatment. METHOD: Sixty-five ED patients with normal graft function for 3 to 12 months after kidney transplantation were involved in our study. Erectile dysfunction was diagnosed in all the patients by the International Index of Erectile Dysfunction (IIEF). Among them, 10 patients were in light degree; 32 patients in moderate degree, and 23 patients in severe degree according to IIEF score. All of the patients underwent medical history, physical and chemical examinations. In each patient, the IIEF score, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and trough concentrations of cyclosporine were compared before and after taking sildenafil citrate at an initial dose of 50 mg every night. RESULTS: Twenty-six patients without ED before transplantation suffered ED after the operation, and 32 patients with ED before transplantation noticed worsening. Taking sildenafil citrate was effective in 53 patients (81.54%). There were no statistical differences in blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, or trough concentrations of cyclosporine in patients before and after sildenafil treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The morbidity of organic erectile dysfunction increased after transplantation. Sildenafil citrate treatment for ED in kidney-transplant patients was effective and safe. Graft function and trough concentrations of cyclosporine were not affected by sildenafil citrate.     

Erectile dysfunction after open versus angioplasty aortoiliac procedures: a questionnaire survey

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common complication after aortoiliac surgery. The aims of this study were to determine the incidence of ED in patients with aortoiliac occlusive disease or aneurysm and evaluate the effect of revascularization by means of open surgery or iliac angioplasty/stenting upon erectile function by using the new International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaire. All male patients who had previously undergone open aortoiliac reconstruction or iliac angioplasty/stenting and who were alive at the time of this study were first contacted by telephone. Those who agreed to take part in the study were sent anonymous IIEF questionnaires. Patients were asked to recall their sexual function before and 3 months after the procedure. ED was defined as IIEF score of <11. After telephone interview, a total of 116 patients agreed to take part in the study. The response rate was 61%. Two patients, one in each group, had ED preoperatively. The preoperative IIEF scores were no different in surgery and angioplasty/stenting groups (p=0.3). Overall, 46/63 patients reported worsening erectile function postoperatively. In the surgery group (n=37), 32 patients reported deterioration of their sexual function, 3 no change, and 2 improvement, while in the angioplasty/stenting group (n=26), 14 patients had deterioration, 11 no change, and 1 improvement. In both groups, the IIEF score decreased significantly postintervention; however, the deterioration was much more pronounced after open surgery (p<0.001). Of the 61 patients with "normal" erectile function (IIEF > or =11), 10 patients (28%) developed ED following surgery, but none after angioplasty/stenting (p=0.003). As judged by the IIEF, a significant proportion of patients undergoing open and endovascular procedures experience worsening sexual function.