乳腺癌耐药细胞中mdr-1与mrp基因的表达及As2O3对其表达的影响

目的: 探讨人乳腺癌阿霉素（ADM）耐药细胞系MCF7/ADM的mdr1基因和mrp基因表达，观察三氧化二砷（As2O3）对上述基因表达的影响。方法:采用MTT法检测As2O3的细胞毒性及非细胞毒性剂量，应用RTPCR检测mdr1基因和mrp基因的转录表达。结果: As2O3的非细胞毒性剂量为0.2 μmol/L,低毒计量为0.8 μmol/L。mdr1基因和mrp基因在MCF7/ADM细胞中均呈过表达，而且mdr1的基因表达强于mrp基因，在MCF7/S细胞中未见表达。As2O3可下调上述基因的表达，而且As2O3低毒剂量的下调作用强于无毒剂量。结论:人乳腺癌MCF7/ADM细胞获得阿霉素抗药性，与mdr1基因和mrp基因过表达有关，As2O3可通过多种机制部分逆转MCF7/ADM细胞的耐药性。     

β-榄香烯逆转人乳腺癌MCF-7/ADM细胞对阿霉素耐药性的研究

目的　探讨 β 榄香烯 (β ELE)逆转人乳腺癌MCF 7/ADM细胞对阿霉素 (ADM)的耐药性。方法　采用MTT法测定β ELE对人乳腺癌MCF 7/ADM细胞药物敏感性的影响。经荧光分光光度法检测 β ELE对细胞内化疗药物ADM积累的影响 ,应用流式细胞术观察耐药细胞的凋亡抑制蛋白bcl 2改变。结果　β ELE对MCF 7/ADM的耐药性有明显逆转作用 ,非细胞毒性剂量 (6 μg/ml)及低毒剂量 (13μg/ml)的 β ELE逆转倍数分别为 1.4倍及 2 .2倍。β 榄香烯作用后 ,MCF 7/ADM的细胞内ADM浓度明显增加 (P <0 .0 1) ,bcl 2由 90 .2 %降至 70 .0 % (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　β ELE可部分逆转MCF 7/ADM细胞的耐药性 ,逆转机制与增加细胞内药物积累及降低bcl 2的表达有关。     

As_2O_3对胃癌细胞SGC7901/ADR阿霉素耐药性逆转作用

目的探讨三氧化二砷(As2O3)对胃癌细胞SGC7901/ADR阿霉素(ADM)耐药性的逆转作用和对Pgp、GSTπ表达的影响。方法以胃癌多药耐药细胞株SGC7901/ADR为靶细胞,用MTT法检测SGC7901/ADR细胞对ADM的敏感性,用流式细胞仪检测细胞内药物浓度及免疫组织化学法检测细胞Pgp、GSTπ表达。结果0.4～0.8μmol/LAs2O3对耐药细胞SGC7901/ADR无明显毒性(P>0.05)。As2O3可下调Pgp、GSTπ表达,提高SGC7901/ADR细胞内ADM浓度,增加SGC7901/ADR细胞对ADM的敏感性。结论As2O3能够抑制SGC7901/ADR细胞Pgp、GSTπ表达,增加细胞内ADM药物浓度而部分逆转其对ADM的耐药性。     

三氧化二砷逆转人肺腺癌A549/ R 细胞耐药及对GSTs 表达的影响

 目的 探讨三氧化二砷（As₂O₃）对人肺腺癌A549／R细胞耐药的逆转及谷胱甘肽S转移酶（GSTs）表达的变化。方法 分别采用生化方法及RT-PCR方法检测GSTs活性及GST-πmRNA表达水平的变化。结果 0．15μmol／L As2O3可使A549／R细胞内阿霉素（ADM）浓度增加，其IC50值由原来的0．495μmol／L降低至0．217μmol／L，逆转倍数为2．3倍。耐药细胞中GSTs活性增高，GST-πmRNA呈过表达状态。不同浓度的As2O3作用后，GSTs活性下降（P〈0．05），GST-πmRNA表达水平下调，呈浓度依赖性变化。结论 As₂O₃可部分逆转A549／R细胞对ADM的耐药性，GST-π的改变参与其耐药机制。     

三氧化二砷对骨肉瘤细胞株MG63/dox多药耐药的逆转作用及其机制

目的 探讨三氧化二砷（As2O3）对骨肉瘤阿霉素（ADM）耐药细胞株MG63/dox的逆转作用及其机制。方法 采用不同浓度ADM（1～1000 ng／ml）和As2O3（0.25～16 μmol／L）分别单独作用于MG63和MG63/dox细胞48 h,并选取2 μmol／L As2O3联合不同浓度ADM（1～1000 ng／ml）作用于MG63/dox细胞24、48、72 h,同时设不加任何药物处理的对照组。应用CCK-8法检测两种药物对MG63和MG63／dox细胞增殖的影响,流式细胞术检测2 μmol／L As2O3、200 ng／ml ADM单独或联合处理48 h后MG63／dox细胞的周期分布和凋亡率,蛋白免疫印迹法检测2 μmol／L As2O3、200 ng／ml ADM单独或联合处理48 h后MG63／dox细胞中P-gp、Bcl-2和Bax蛋白的表达水平。结果 As2O3和ADM单药作用于MG63/dox细胞48 h,细胞增殖均未受到影响;4、8、16 μmol/L As2O3和100、200、400、500、1000 ng/ml ADM分别作用于MG63细胞48 h,细胞增殖明显受到抑制（P＜0.05）。As2O3联合ADM抑制MG63／dox细胞增殖的作用明显高于ADM单药组和对照组（P＜0.05）,且抑制作用呈时间依赖性。与对照组相比,两药联合处理组的细胞凋亡率升高,G0／G1期细胞比例降低,G2／M期细胞比例升高,以上差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。两药联合处理组MG63／dox细胞中Bax蛋白表达水平明显升高,而P-gp和Bcl-2蛋白表达水平明显降低,与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 As2O3联合ADM能够抑制骨肉瘤耐药细胞MG63／dox的增殖,这一作用可能与诱导细胞凋亡、上调Bax表达以及下调P-gp和Bcl-2表达有关。     

三氧化二砷对人胃癌耐药细胞系SGC7901/ADM耐药逆转及凋亡诱导作用的探讨

目的:探讨中药三氧化二砷(As2O3)对人胃癌多药耐药细胞系(SGC7901/ADM)的耐药逆转及凋亡诱导作用.方法:应用免疫细胞化学方法(PV法)测定不同剂量的As2O3用药前后细胞内mdr-1基因产物P-gp的表达变化;同时用流式细胞仪对以上各组细胞进行细胞周期解析和凋亡率的测定.结果:As2O3在0.10～0.75μmol/L浓度范围内能够逆转SGC7901/ADM细胞内P-gp的表达,并将细胞阻滞于G0～G1期、诱导细胞凋亡(P＜0.01),其作用随As2O3剂量增加而增大.结论:在胃癌耐药细胞系SGC7901/ADM中,As2O3具有耐药逆转和凋亡诱导双重作用,并呈剂量依赖性.     

谷胱甘肽含量对肿瘤多药耐药相关蛋白1的影响

目的 研究应用丁硫氨酸亚砜胺（BSO）降低谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量后,三氧化二砷（As2O3）对K562/ADM细胞的诱导凋亡效应,及其对多药耐药相关蛋白1（MRP1）的抑制作用.方法 As2O3组（0.5、2.0、5.0 μmol/L）单独及联合100 μmol/L BSO作用于K562/ADM细胞,应用四甲基偶氮唑蓝（MTT）比色法检测K562/ADM细胞的增殖活性;Annexin V/PI标记法观察K562/ADM细胞的凋亡效应;分光光度法检测K562/ADM细胞内GSH含量变化;流式细胞术（FCM）检测的MRP1蛋白水平表达变化;反转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）方法检测MRP1的编码基因mRNA的表达变化.结果 降低GSH含量后,临床剂量As2O3（0.5、2.0 μmol/L）联合BSO 24 h内即可抑制K562/ADM细胞的增殖活性,诱导K562/ADM细胞发生凋亡,72 h单用As2O3（0.5、2.0 μmol/L）凋亡率为（8.32±2.11）％、（16.75±3.56）％,GSH含量降低后,两剂量组细胞的凋亡率分别为（82.15±9.28）％和（92.72±9.41）％.72 h后,临床剂量As2O3联合BSO抑制MRP1的荧光强度分别为8.20±0.92和10.40±2.33,明显低于单用高剂量As2O3组的荧光强度（21.30±3.09）;两药联合对于MRP1 mRNA的作用效果也明显强于单用高剂量As2O3组.结论 GSH的含量变化与As2O3的作用效果密切相关,As2O3联合BSO可有效诱导K562/ADM细胞发生凋亡,可有效抑制MRP1及其编码基因mRNA的表达.     

三氧化二砷联合丁硫氨酸亚砜胺诱导人白血病K562/ADM细胞凋亡

目的 观察三氧化二砷(As2O3)联合丁硫氨酸亚砜胺(BSO)对肿瘤多药耐药细胞K562/ADM的诱导凋亡效应,探讨谷胱甘肽(GSH)的含量变化对As2O3作用效果的影响.方法 以0.5、2.0、5.0 μmol/L As2O3单独及联合100 μmol/L BSO作用于K562/ADM细胞,应用二苯基溴化四氮唑蓝(MTT)比色法检测细胞的增殖活性,Annexin V/PI标记法观察细胞的凋亡效应,分光光度法检测细胞内GSH含量的变化.结果 K562/ADM细胞内GSH含量为(81.13±3.91)mg/g prot,明显高于K562细胞(P＜0.01).BSO单独或联合As2O3作用下,随作用时间的延长,K562/ADM细胞内GSH含量逐渐降低.临床剂量(0.5、2.0 μmol/L)As2O3联合BSO作用下,抑制作用逐步增强,72 h两组的细胞增殖抑制率分别为(90.63±5.95)%和(86.12±6.11)%,均分别高于单用相应剂量As2O3组(P＜0.01);凋亡效应逐步增强,72 h两组的细胞凋亡率分别为(82.15±9.28)%和(92.72±9.41)%,均分别高于单用相应剂量As2O3组(P＜0.01).结论 GSH的含量变化与As2O3的作用效果密切相关,As2O3联合BSO可有效诱导K562/ADM细胞发生凋亡.     

川芎嗪联合三氧化二砷逆转K562/ADM细胞多药耐药的实验研究

目的探讨川芎嗪与三氧化二砷联合逆转耐药人红白血病细胞株K562/ADM多药耐药的效果。方法采用WST-8法测定细胞的药敏性及抗药性逆转,应用流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡、细胞内ADM浓度、P-gp蛋白的表达,采用免疫细胞化学二步法检测细胞GST-π表达。结果非细胞毒性浓度的TMP（20μg/ml）及As2O3（0.5μmol/L）可降低ADM对K562/ADM细胞的IC50（P〈0.05）,2种药物联合应用对ADM的逆转倍数明显高于两者单独应用（P〈0.05）,而且也高于两者单独应用之和;两者以非细胞毒性浓度联合应用提高K562/ADM细胞内ADM浓度和细胞凋亡百分率,作用大于两药单独应用,并且明显下调细胞P-gp和GST-π表达（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）。结论非细胞毒性剂量的TMP和As2O3,均可部分逆转有多药耐药表型的细胞株K562/ADM对阿霉素的耐药性,两者联合应用效果优于单独应用,具有协同作用,其机制可能与下调P-gp和GST-π表达有关。     

氧化砷促进食管癌细胞增殖

目的: 三氧化二砷(As2O3)已被证实对治疗某些白血病有效,引起白血细胞和某些实体瘤细胞凋亡.本文着重观察小剂量As2O3(0.1 μmol/L和0.5 μmol/L)对食管癌细胞SHEEC1的作用.方法:食管癌细胞于瓶中培养,以0.1 μmol/L,0.5 μmol/L和5.0 μmol/L As2O3处理.结果:大剂量(5.0 μmol/L)As2O3引起SHEEC1凋亡和生长的抑制.小剂量As2O3(0.5 μmol/L)提高核分裂指数,DNA荧光定量检测可见DNA合成增加,电镜下可见SHEEC1细胞处于增殖状态,出现细胞质线粒体和多聚核糖体增多,细胞核中可见多个核仁.结论:低剂量As2O3可促进食管癌细胞增殖和DNA合成,因此As2O3具有促细胞分裂作用的特性.     

外泌体在肿瘤发展中的研究进展

外泌体是细胞经过"内吞-融合-外排"等一系列调控过程而形成的细胞外纳米级小囊泡。外泌体可以携带蛋白,运送RNA,在细胞间物质和信息转导中起重要作用。外泌体可能通过调控免疫功能,促进肿瘤血管新生和肿瘤转移,以及直接作用于肿瘤细胞等途径,影响肿瘤的进展。外泌体可应用于肿瘤的诊断。本文总结了近年来有关外泌体在肿瘤发展中作用的研究进展。     

Inhibitory effect of suramin in rat models of angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo

The aim of the present study was to test the ability of the chemotherapeutic agent suramin to inhibit angiogenesis in experimental models in vitro and in vivo. In the culture of rat aortic rings on fibronectin, suramin dose-dependently inhibited vascular cell growth, achieving the maximal effect (mean − 88% versus controls, P < 0.05) at 400 μg/ml. Image analysis showed that suramin could inhibit microvessel sprouting in fibrin from rat aortic rings as evaluated by the ratio between the cellular area and the mean gray value of the sample (sprouting index); suramin at 50 μg/ml significantly reduced the sprouting index from the control value of 0.35 ± 0.04 to 0.14 ± 0.02 mm²/gray level (P < 0.05). Likewise, the area occupied by cells was 19.2 ± 1.8 mm² as compared with 41.8 ± 4.2 mm² in controls (P < 0.05). In the rat model of neovascularization induced in the cornea by chemical injury, suramin at 1.6 mg/eye per day reduced the length of blood vessels (0.7 ± 0.1 mm as compared with 1.5 ± 0.1 mm in controls, P < 0.05). In the same model the ratio between the area of blood vessels and the total area of the cornea (area fraction score) was decreased by suramin from 0.19 ± 0.02 in controls to 0.03 ± 0.003 (P < 0.05). Suramin given i.p. at 30 mg/kg per day markedly inhibited the neovascularization induced in the rat mesentery by compound 48/80 or conditioned medium from cells secreting the angiogenic protein fibroblast growth factor-3 (FGF-3). The area fraction score in control rats treated with compound 48/80 was 0.31 ± 0.03, and this was reduced to 0.07 ± 0.01 by suramin (P < 0.05). After i.p. administration of FGF-3 the area fraction score was reduced by suramin from 0.29 ± 0.03 to 0.05 ± 0.01 (P < 0.05). These results provide evidence that suramin exerts inhibitory effects on angiogenesis in both in vitro and in vivo models. Received: 9 January 1998 / Accepted: 29 June 1998     

重组人血管内皮抑制素治疗恶性肿瘤的研究进展

重组人血管内皮抑制素(恩度)是一种广谱的抗血管生成分子靶向药物,主要循证证据为联合化疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC).近年来,重组人血管内皮抑制素用于治疗多种恶性肿瘤的研究逐渐增多,并取得了较好的疗效.此外,有关重组人血管内皮抑制素联合治疗手段、给药途径、给药方法的研究逐渐开展,有利于其合理应用.     

Effect of trauma of implantation of metastatic tumor in bone in mice

We studied the influence of surgical trauma to the iliac bone on the implantation of I. V. injected tumor cells, which formed tumor in the surgical wounds of 27/84 mice (32%). None of these mice or nonsurgical mice developed tumor in the opposite or uninjured pelvic bone (P < 0.0001). When different numbers (10⁵, 5 × 10⁵, and 10 × 10⁵) of TA3Ha cells were injected I. V. immediately after surgery, the frequency of tumor formation showed an increase (respectively, 32%, 63%, 71%). As the interval between induction of trauma and tumor cell injection was increased from 0 to 15 days, the frequency of tumor formation declined from 32% to 0%. These results suggest that the healing wound is a privileged site for experimental metastasis, particularly in the early stages. It is likely that the proteins in the blood clotting cascade are involved in local tumor implantation. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

胶质瘤中微RNA研究进展

微RNA(microRNA,miR)可在转录后水平负调控靶基因表达,miR异常表达与肿瘤生成密切相关.对胶质瘤中多个miR异常表达及其机制的研究将对进一步探讨胶质瘤的分子病理及其诊治开拓新途径.     

Evaluation of the antitumoral effect of dihydrocucurbitacin-B in both in vitro and in vivo models

Aims  We evaluated both in vitro and in vivo antitumoral properties of an isolated compound from Wilbrandia ebracteata, dihydrocucurbitacin-B (DHCB), using B16F10 cells (murine melanoma). Materials and methods  We made use of MTT and ³H-Thymidine assays to investigate the cell viability and cell proliferation, flow cytometry analysis to monitor cell cycle and apoptosis, western blot analysis to evaluate the expression of cell cycle proteins, imunofluorescence analysis and in vivo tumor growth and metastasis. Results  Dihydrocucurbitacin-B significantly reduced cell proliferation without important effects on cells viability. DHCB lead cells to accumulate in G2/M phases accompanied by the appearance of polyploid cells, confirmed by fluorescence assays that demonstrated a remarkable alteration in the cell cytoskeleton and formation of binuclear cells. Annexin-V-FITC incorporation demonstrated that DHCB did not induce apoptosis. About 10 μg/mL DHCB was found to decrease cyclin-A, and especially in cyclin-B1. The in vivo experiments showed that DHCB treatment (once a day up to 12 days; p.o.) was able to reduce the tumor growth and lung metastasis up to 83.5 and 50.3%, respectively. Conclusions  Dihydrocucurbitacin-B reduces cell proliferation due to a decrease in the expression of cyclins, mainly cyclin-B1 and disruption of the actin cytoskeleton, arresting B16F10 cells in G2/M phase. Taken together, the in vitro and in vivo experiments suggest that DHCB was effective against cancer, however, it remains to be proved if DHCB will be a good candidate for drug development.     

中国乳腺癌患者生活质量研究进展

生活质量（qualityoflife,QOL）又译作生命质量、生存质量,它是在世界卫生组织提倡的健康新概念“人们在躯体上、精神上及社会生活中处于一种完好的状态,而不仅仅是没有患病和衰弱”的基础上构建的,是医学模式由生物医学模式向生物一心理一社会医学模式转变的体现。西方发达国家已将此概念广泛应用于临床试验、卫生政策制定和卫生资源效益评价等众多领域。生存质量已作为评价肿瘤患者术后状况的首选指标。     

Survey of changes in dietary preferences in cancer patients in China

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in dietary preferences in cancer patients in China and to determine the need for encouraging the adherence to a sensible diet among such patients.Methods A total of 468 cancer patients were interviewed using a self-designed questionnaire focusing on changes in the intake of specific foods. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16.0. Results Most patients completely avoided roosters and carp(73.1%), condiments(51.9%), and meat of aquatic species(40.4%). All other types of the specific foods were completely avoided by different subpopulations of the patients.Conclusion In addition to focusing on disease treatment, medical professionals need to help cancer patients overcome barriers associated with the customs of avoiding specific foods encompassed by the term ”fawu” and provide them with dietary guidance in order to prevent negative nutritional effects.     

新疆维吾尔族妇女宫颈病变中DAPK表达的研究

[目的]探讨DAPK基因与新疆维吾尔族妇女宫颈病变的相关关系。[方法]选取维吾尔族妇女正常或炎症的宫颈组织30例、CINⅠ30例、CINⅡ/Ⅲ30例、宫颈鳞癌组织30例采用免疫组化SP法检测DAPK蛋白表达;为了进一步验证DAPK蛋白表达水平,采用逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）法检测正常或炎症的宫颈组织10例、CINⅠ10例、CINⅡ/Ⅲ15例、宫颈鳞癌组织20例中mRNA的表达。[结果]DAPK的蛋白表达率在正常或炎症的宫颈组织、CINⅠ、CINⅡ/Ⅲ、宫颈鳞癌组织中分别为93.3%、83.3%、60.0%、33.3%,SCC组阳性表达率明显减少（P〈0.05）;四组mRNA的表达率分别为90.0%、90.0%、46.7%、10.0%,SCC组阳性表达率明显减少（P〈0.05）。宫颈组织中DAPK在蛋白水平和mRNA水平的表达均和宫颈病变程度成负关（P〈0.05）。[结论]新疆维吾尔族妇女宫颈病变组织中DAPK蛋白和mRNA水平均随病变程度加深而减少;DAPK蛋白检测可能为宫颈癌的早期诊断提供依据。