左炔诺孕酮用于紧急避孕临床观察

目的 　探讨左炔诺孕酮用于紧急避孕的效果。方法 　 10 0例妇女在性交后 72 h内口服左炔诺孕酮 (毓婷 ) 0 .75 mg,12 h后重复 1次。随访下次月经来潮 ,观察妊娠率 ,副作用、月经情况。结果 　观察实际妊娠数 1例 ,与预期妊娠数 7.47相比 ,有显著差异 ( P<0 .0 5 )。有效率 86.6% ,失效率 1%。月经影响少 ,副作用轻。 结论 　毓婷作为紧急避孕药是有效的 ,安全的。     

不同剂量国产米非司酮用于紧急避孕的临床研究

目的 探讨不同剂量国产米非司酮用于紧急避孕的临床疗效。谅圻内对４００余名要求紧急避孕者，分别给予不同剂量的米非司酮片１００ｍｇ、５０ｍｇ、４０ｍｇ、２０ｍｇ、１０ｍｇ，观察紧急避孕效果，药物副反应，月经复潮情况。结果 避孕有效率为９５％可信区间分别为１００ｍｇ组８４．１１％～９６．９５％，５０ｍｇ组９３％～１００％，４０ｍｇ、２０ｍｇ、１０ｍｇ组均为８８％～１００％。药物副反应发生率分别为２４％、     

小剂量米非司酮用于紧急避孕的临床观察

紧急避孕法作为避孕的一项补救措施现已成为国内外研究的一项重要课题。近年来,米非司酮作为紧急避孕药的应用已显示出较好的避孕效果,但由于国内外所采用的剂量不同,其疗效与副作用发生率亦不尽相同,为寻求更为合适的剂量,本文对３种不同小剂量米非司酮应用于紧急避孕的疗效进行了观察。１对象与方法 自１９９９－０７～１９９９－１２,选择来我院要求紧急避孕的健康妇女９０例,随机分为３组;每组３０例,年龄２５～４５岁,以往月经周期规律,未采用其它避孕措施或避孕失败者。其中未采取其它避孕措施者占７５％,避孕套破裂占２…     

小剂量米非司酮用于紧急避孕临床观察

本文分析了2005年6月～2008年6月在我站采用小剂量米非司酮紧急避孕,取得较满意效果,现报道如下。治疗与方法选择在我站门诊要求紧急避孕者103例,年龄17～45岁（平均26.7岁）,近半年月经规律,无服药禁忌症,无保护性交或避孕措施失败5d（120h）以内,患者身体健康,无全身及生殖器器质性病变,本次月经周期仅有1次无保护性交或避孕措施失败,尿HCG检查阴性,保证在下次月经来潮之前禁性生活或坚持有效避孕,并同意按时随访或接受电话随访,若此次避孕失败愿意接受免费终止妊娠者。103例患者中未采取避孕措施67例,占65.05%,避孕措施失败者36例,占34.95%。     

不同剂量米非司酮用于紧急避孕的结果分析

目的观察米非司酮两种剂量用于紧急避孕的临床效果。方法 120例受试者按米非司酮剂量不同,分为米非司酮25mg(A组)60例和米非司酮10mg(B组)60例,观察服药后的不良反应及月经情况、阴道流血情况等。结果 A、B组避孕成功率分别为86.6%和88.3%,组间比较无显着性差异(χ2=2.75,P>0.05);A、B组月经趋于正常者分别为63.3%和61.6%(χ2=2.99,P>0.05);A、B组不良反应11例(18.3%)和B组9例(15.0%)(χ2=2.35,P>0.05)。结论两组在避孕效果、不良反应及月经变化等方面均无明显差异,低剂量米非司酮用于紧急避孕同样有效。     

小剂量米非司酮用于紧急避孕的临床观察

为探讨小剂量米非司酮用于紧急避孕的效果,对200例月经规律,72小时内有无防护性生活或避孕失败的妇女给予米非司酮25mg顿服,观察其避孕有效率为94.7％,月经周期、经期、经量无明显变化者占86.5％。仅有2％有轻微的恶心等副作用。结果表明,单用小剂量米非司酮完全可以用于性生活后72小时内的紧急避孕。     

小剂量米非司酮用于紧急避孕的临床观察

目的：观察25mg米非司酮用于紧急避孕的效果、不良反应及对月经的影响。方法：采用开放性随机对照性试验方法，将在单一次未保护性交72小时内要求紧急避孕的妇女456例随机分为观察组250例，对照组206例，观察组单次口服米非司酮片25mg（1片）．对照组口服左炔诺孕酮0．75mg（1片），12d,时后，再服左炔诺孕酮0．75mg，总剂量为1．5mg。全部病例随访至月经来潮，判断避孕效果。记录不良反应和月经情况。结果：避孕有效率Dixon预期妊娠概率计算，两组各有2例妊娠，避孕有效率观察组90．3％，对照组88．67％。差异无显著性（P〉0．05），两组不良反应发生率低，程度轻微，下次月经按期来潮者观察组和对照组分别为78．4％和79．6％，与平时月经量相似者分别为92％和88.3％（P〉0．05）。结论：小剂量米非司酮用于紧急避孕效果好，与左炔诺孕酮效果相当。     

吉妮IUD用于紧急避孕的临床观察

目的观察吉妮IUD用于紧急避孕的临床避孕效果及副反应。方法选择镇沅县计划生育服务站2007年7月至2010年8月门诊无保护性生活≤72h 25例,72～120h 83例自愿使用吉妮IUD紧急避孕者。由我站专业技术人员放置,术后口服抗生素3～5d预防感染,随访到下次月经来潮。按Dixon方法计算避孕有效率。结果无1例感染发生,避孕有效率100%,续用率94.4%。结论只要严格掌握适应证,吉妮IUD用于紧急避孕是高效、安全、可靠的,尤其适用于长期避孕者。     

25 mg米非司酮用于紧急避孕的临床观察

用于临床的紧急避孕方法有很多,小剂量米非司酮用于紧急避孕已有多年,目前用于72小时内紧急避孕,已取得较好的避孕效果。为探讨25mg米非司酮用于无保护性性交后72～120小时内紧急避孕的效果,本文对146例无保护性性交后72～120小时内紧急避孕的健康妇女,一次性服用25mg米     

米非司酮与毓婷用于紧急避孕的疗效比较研究

目的比较米非司酮与毓婷用于紧急避孕的疗效。方法随机选择无防护性生活或避孕失败后72h内的要求紧急避孕育龄妇女200例,随机选择100例给予口服米非司酮作为观察组;另外100例给予口服毓婷作为对照组,观察两组的避孕效果及不良反应。结果观察组的妊娠率为0%,对照组为6%,前者避孕效果优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且不良反应略低,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论米非司酮较毓婷用于紧急避孕,更具有安全、有效及不良反应少的特点,值得临床推广。     

复方左炔诺孕酮用于紧急避孕的临床观察

目的使用复方左炔诺孕酮进行紧急避孕,并对其避孕效果进行临床研究。方法采用开放性对照试验,按照试验需要接纳单次无保护性性交72h内要求紧急避孕的患者100例,其中50例患者使用复方左炔诺孕酮片进行治疗,作为观察组;剩下的50例患者使用左炔诺孕酮片进行治疗,作为对照组。比较两组患者的避孕效果,并将比较结果使用统计学软件进行统计学处理。结果观察组患者和对照组患者的避孕效果差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组患者服药后的不良症状差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论复方左炔诺酮片用于紧急避孕的效果良好,其避孕效果基本与左炔诺孕酮片等效。     

Levonorgestrel emergency contraception and bodyweight

Objectives: Emergency contraception (EC) provides an opportunity to avoid an unwanted pregnancy following unprotected sexual intercourse (UPSI), failure of a regular contraceptive method, or after sexual assault. Two main methods are currently available: oral pills or the copper-T intrauterine device. In recent years there has been some debate regarding the efficacy of oral therapy in obese women. In this brief commentary we review new evidence, published after the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) referral of 2014, relating to the effect of obesity on the pharmacokinetics and clinical efficacy of levonorgestrel EC in light of some of the concerns that have been raised.

Methods: A PubMed literature search (“levonorgestrel” and “emergency contraception”) was conducted between 1 January 2005 to 31 March 2018; results from the main clinical trials are discussed. Additional literature known to the authors and identified from the reference lists of cited publications was included.

Results: Overall, it should be noted that, in studies which determined pregnancy rates across different weight or BMI categories, the overall pregnancy rate was low (1–2%) and there was no direct evidence that lower levonorgestrel plasma levels contributed to an increased pregnancy rate in obese women. This conclusion was reached by the EMA referral in 2014 and they concluded that emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) could be taken regardless of body weight or BMI, as soon as possible after UPSI. Since the EMA review, additional evidence has been published regarding this topic. This includes PK data (which can neither support, nor deny the previously submitted meta-analyses during the Article 31 Referral procedure), or re-analyses of the previously submitted data.

Conclusions: Evidence published since the EMA referral in 2014 does not change the original conclusions of the agency, which recommended that ECPs could be taken regardless of body weight or BMI, as soon as possible after UPSI.     

辽宁省农村育龄妇女的紧急避孕情况调查

目的：探讨辽宁省农村地区育龄妇女服用左炔诺孕酮进行紧急避孕的情况和效果。方法选取1588例口服左炔诺孕酮紧急避孕的育龄妇女作为研究对象,调查其使用原因、副反应、避孕有效率和月经恢复等情况。结果紧急避孕的最主要原因是使用避孕套失败,共756例(47.6%),出现副反应861例(29.0%),有效率为94.16%,准时恢复月经1050例(66.1%)。结论服用左炔诺孕酮虽然是一种有效的紧急避孕方法,但仍需加强育龄人群采取常规避孕措施的意识。     

非意愿妊娠妇女紧急避孕知识的可接受性研究

目的了解人工流产妇女避孕状况及对紧急避孕法(EC)的可接受程度,有的放矢的提高避孕服务,提高妇女生殖健康水平。方法对346例来自天津市和平区妇产科医院行人工流产的妇女进行横断面研究,非条件Logistic回归分析。结果使用意愿率的Logistic回归分析显示,个人收入高、职业为医生、教师、科研人员、未避孕者、使用避孕套者、使用避孕药者,是意愿使用EC的正相关因素。知道EC者使用此法的意愿率高,知道EC的方法多者使用EC意愿率高、知道使用EC有时间限制者EC使用意愿率高、从药店获得避孕药具者较从医院获得者,使用EC意愿率高、从朋友处获得避孕知识较其他途径获得避孕知识意愿率高,在对紧急避孕法可接受性相关Logistic回归分析显示知道EC是接受此法的促进因素。结论应向未婚年龄小的育龄妇女提供详尽的紧急避孕知识。     

Women’s preferences for the provision of emergency hormonal contraception services

Objective To elicit women’s preferences for routes of supply for emergency hormonal contraception (EHC). The objectives were to identify which attributes of services women regard as important and to identify how women trade off reductions in one attribute for an improvement in another. Method A stated preference discrete choice experiment. Women attending sexual health services in a Primary Care Trust in the North West of England were invited to complete a self-completion questionnaire. Each respondent completed a questionnaire containing nine pair-wise choices. Demographic data were also collected. Conditional logit models were used to analyse the data. Main outcome measure Women’s preferences for, and trade-offs between, the attributes of opening hours, medical staff seen, cost of EHC, length of wait for an appointment, privacy of consultation and attitude of staff. Results Two hundred and sixty-nine women attending clinics (mean age 23.8 years, SD±8.69) completed the questionnaire. Almost two thirds of the sample had previously used EHC. All six attributes of EHC services were statistically significant factors influencing women’s preferences for the supply of EHC. A significant proportion of women indicated on at least one occasion that they would risk pregnancy rather than choose one of the services offered to them. Conclusion These results suggest that the way in which a service is configured and presented to women is likely to influence which service is chosen. In this study, women prioritised visiting a service where they would be treated in a sympathetic and non-judgemental manner. They also prioritised privacy. The results also suggest that if women are dissatisfied with aspects of an EHC service, they may choose not to visit it, thereby risking an unwanted pregnancy.     

紧急避孕用药的初步探讨

对近5年来开始推广的新型紧急避孕用药进行了分析，探讨了其用药机制及利弊，提出了适应临床需要的合理用药。