银杏洋参合剂对老龄小鼠体内自由基代谢的影响

目的：观察银杏洋参合剂对小鼠体内自由基代谢的影响。方法：以老龄小鼠为模型分高、中、低剂量组，分别连续灌胃给予不同剂量银杏洋参合剂30d后测定小鼠血清、肝组织中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH—Px）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性和丙二醛（MDA）水平。结果：银杏洋参合剂能有效提高老龄小鼠心脏、肝脏中SOD活性（剂量为80mg·kg-1时分别提高了27．49％、14．44％）及血清、肝脏中GSH—Px、CAT活性（剂量为80mg·kg。时，血清中的活性分别提高了35．61％、28．18％；肝脏中的活性分别提高了29．79％、18．71％），降低血清、肝脏中的MDA水平（剂量为80mg·kg“时分别减少了29．79％、18．71％）。结论：银杏洋参合剂能改善小鼠体内的自由基代谢，增强细胞免疫，可能有助于其抗衰老作用的发挥。     

四君子汤抗衰老的药理作用研究

探讨四君子汤理气化痰抗衰老的作用机理。方法：采用D-半乳糖小鼠亚急性衰老模型,小鼠颈背部皮下注射D-半乳糖40天,中药组注射D-半乳糖同时以不同浓度浓缩四君子汤煎液灌胃40天,并以空白组作对照,观察四君子汤自由基代谢指标血清超氧化歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）和谷光苷肽过氧化物酶（GSH—Px）的影响。结果：四君子汤能改善D-半乳糖诱导的亚急性衰老小鼠的SOD活性明显下降,MDA含量明显提高,四君子汤能够影响脑、胸腺和脾的指数,提高实验动物提高血清SOD和GSH—Px活性,降低MDA含量。结论：四君子汤具有一定的抗衰老作用,并为健脾化痰抗衰老理论提供了实验依据。     

槲寄生提取物的抗衰老实验研究

目的：观察槲寄生Viscum coloratum Nakai,提取液抗衰老作用。方法：槲寄生提取液按10g/kg,20g/kg给老年大鼠连续灌胃30d后,测血清过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH－Px）和下丘脑超氧化物岐化酶（SOD）活性,脑组织丙二醛（MDA）、脑组织和肝脏脂褐质（Lf）含量。结果：槲寄生两剂量组均能明显提高老年大鼠血清CAT、GSH－Px活性,降低老年大鼠脑组织MDA含量、脑和肝组织Lf含量,并可提高老年大鼠下丘脑SOD活性。结论：槲寄生提取液可通过改善自由基代谢而发挥抗衰老作用。     

八味沉香散对肾缺血再灌注损伤的抗氧化作用研究

目的探讨八味沉香散对实验性大鼠肾缺血再灌注损伤的抗氧化作用。方法在大鼠肾动脉缺血再灌注模型上观察八味沉香散对肾缺血再灌注引起的血清丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH—Px）、一氧化氮（NO）含量及肾组织形态学变化的影响。结果八味沉香散组MDA、SOD、GSH、GSH—Px与再灌组比较有明显差异（P〈0．05），NO含量与再灌组比较有明显差异（P〈0．05），肾组织病变较再灌组减轻。结论八味沉香散在肾缺血再灌注损伤中具有抗氧化作用。     

有机磷农药中毒对小鼠脑组织过氧化脂质相关酶的影响

目的研究有机磷农药中毒对正常小鼠脑组织过氧化脂质相关酶的影响。方法用灌胃法对小鼠进行急性染毒后，测定小鼠脑胆碱脂酶活性（ChE）、脑脂质过氧化产物丙二醛（MDA）含量、超氧化物歧化酶（SoD）活性、谷胱廿肽过氧化物酶（GSH—Px）活性。结果与对照组比较，实验组小鼠脑胆碱脂酶活性明显降低，而脑MDA、SOD、GSH—Px活性无明显改变。结论经有机磷农药急性染毒后的小鼠脑ChE活性降低，脑MDA、SOD、GSH—Px活性无明显改变。     

乙酰半胱氨酸对急性酒精性肝损伤大鼠的保护作用

目的探讨乙酰半胱氨酸对酒精所致大鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。方法采用酒精灌胃法制作急性酒精性肝损伤大鼠模型。50只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为5组（n=10）：正常对照组、急性酒精性肝损伤模型组、乙酰半胱氨酸低、中、高剂量（150,300,600mg／kg）组。测定并比较各组大鼠肝脏指数,血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）活性以及肝组织中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH—Px）活性与丙二醛（MDA）含量;并观察光镜下肝组织病理学改变。结果与正常组比较,模型组大鼠肝组织SOD、GSH—Px活性降低（均P〈0．05）,血清ALT、AST活性和肝组织MDA含量增加（均P〈0．05）。治疗结束后,与模型组比较,乙酰半胱氨酸各剂量组急性酒精性肝损伤大鼠肝组织SOD、GSH—Px活性均升高（均P〈0．05）,血清A岍、AST活性和肝组织MDA含量降低（均P〈0．05）,并能不同程度地改善肝脏组织病理损伤。结论乙酰半胱氨酸能够有效地改善肝功能,降低脂质过氧化物水平,对酒精所致大鼠急性肝损伤具有保护作用。     

维生素C和E对染铅大鼠海马抗氧化酶及NO与NOS的影响

目的：观察维生素C、E对五周龄生长期染铅SD大鼠血铅及海马超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH—Px）、NOS活性及丙二醛（MDA）、NO含量的影响。方法：大鼠自由饮用0．615mmol／L的醋酸铅4周造成铅中毒模型。然后以维生素C100mg／kg、维生素E100mg／kg单独或联合灌胃1周。测量血铅水平，大鼠海马组织SOD、GSH—Px、NOS活性及MDA和NO含量。结果：与铅模型组比较，给予维生素C，维生素E后，大鼠血铅浓度显著性降低（P〈0．05）；MDA含量下降，且其联合治疗组与单独维生素C治疗组差异有显著性（P〈0．05）；SOD，GSH—Px、NO、NOS水平显著高于铅模型组，差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论：补充维生素C、维生素E可以降低血铅含量，减轻铅中毒引起的海马的脂质过氧化损伤，提高NOS、NO活性。     

平脉通颗粒对D-半乳糖所致亚急性衰老模型自由基代谢的影响

目的探讨平脉通颗粒对D-半乳糖所致亚急性衰老模型自由基代谢的影响。方法Wistar大鼠60只,随机分为模型对照组、平脉通组。选用昆明种小鼠60只,随机分为模型对照组、平脉通组。实验结束后将大鼠处死,断头取脑,制成10％的组织匀浆,测定一氧化氮（NO）、脂褐素（LP）、丙二醛含量（MDA）及超氧化物歧化酶活力（SOD）;收集小鼠血液测定SOD、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH—Px）、MDA含量。结果平脉通组与模型对照组比较,均有显著性差异（P〈0．05,P〈0．01）,平脉通组中大鼠脑组织中NO含量显著增加,LP和MDA显著减少（P〈0．01）,小鼠血清中SOD、GSH—Px的含量（P〈0．05,P〈0．01）明显提高。结论平脉通颗粒使D-半乳糖所致亚急性衰老模型NO含量增加,调整自由基代谢,提高抗氧化酶的活力,抑制自由基对机体的损伤,改善机体衰老导致的各种病理变化。     

白藜芦醇对大鼠阻塞性黄疸的影响

目的探讨白藜芦醇（RES）对大鼠阻塞性黄疸疾病治疗作用。方法取大鼠50只,其中10只为假手术组;结扎其他大鼠胆总管建立梗阻性黄疸模型,设为对照组、白藜芦醇高、中、低剂量组（100、50、25mg/kg）。连续灌服药物3周,假手术组和对照组灌服生理盐水,其他组灌服不同剂量的RES。观察肝脏组织形态学改变,检测血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、总胆红素（TB）、总胆汁酸（TBA）,测量肝组织GSH、SOD、丙二醛（MDA）含量,并做肝组织病理组织学检查。结果对照组血清ALT、AST、TP和TBA水平明显高于假手术组,白藜芦醇组低于对照组。对照组肝组织MDA含量显著升高,SOD含量显著降低（与对照组比较,P〈0.05）;RES高、中剂量组MDA、GSH水平显著低于对照组（P〈0.05）,高于假手术组（P〈0.05）;RES高、中剂量组SOD活力高于对照组（P〈0.05）;RES低剂量组MDA、GSH含量和SOD活力与对照组比较均无统计学差别。组织学观察表明,RES高、中剂量均能明显减轻肝细胞损伤（P〈0.05）。结论 RES可减轻大鼠阻塞性黄疸的发生。     

依痰饮论肾虚论立方对AD小鼠脑组织脂质过氧化的不同影响

目的：研究依痰饮、肾虚不同论点立方对阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer＇s disease，AD）小鼠脑组织脂质过氧化的不同影响。方法：采取D一半乳糖腹腔注射造成AD模型。分别给予吡拉西坦、茵陈五苓散和地黄饮子治疗，检测脑组织中丙二醛（MDA）含量和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH—Px）活性。结果：茵陈五苓散和地黄饮子均能明显降低MDA，升高GSH—Px活性，地黄饮子作用更强。结论：二方均能改善脑组织脂质过氧化损伤。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.