丙型肝炎病毒核心蛋白人源单链可变区抗体的筛选与鉴定

目的 筛选、鉴定抗丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）核心蛋白的人源单链可变区抗体（ScFv)。方法 采用噬菌体表面展示技术,以重组的HCV核心蛋白为包被抗原,从噬菌体单链可变区抗体库中经过3轮“吸附－洗脱－扩增”筛选过程,获得抗原结合活性较强的HCV核心蛋白特异性人源单链可变区抗体片段阳性克隆,并对其进行免疫学及核苷酸序列测定。结果 筛选得到的ScFv片段具有抗HCV核心蛋白的特异性,基因序列分析结果表明符合人源单链可变区抗体基因序列的结构特征。结论 利用噬菌体抗体库技术,成功获得HCV核心蛋白的特异性人源单可变区抗体的编码基因。     

噬菌体展示技术构建人源性抗乙型肝炎表面抗原单链抗体库

[目的]应用噬菌体展示技术构建人源性抗乙型肝炎(乙肝)表面抗原(HBsAg)单链抗体(ScFv)库。[方法]提取经免疫具有乙肝表面抗体的正常人淋巴细胞总RNA,采用反转录、触减PCR扩增人免疫球蛋白G(IgG)重链可变区基因(VH)和轻链可变区基因(VL),用Linker连接肽经重叠PCR将VH和VL基因连接成VH-Linker-VL形式的ScFv基因。将ScFv与pCANTAB-5E载体通过相同的酶切位点连接后,转化大肠杆菌TG1,经M13K07辅助噬菌体拯救,构建成全套人源性抗HBsAg ScFv库。[结果]成功构建了人源性抗HBsAg噬菌体ScFv库。[结论]人源性HBsAg噬菌体ScFv库的构建,为进一步筛选特异性高,具有治疗作用的乙肝抗体奠定基础。     

从人源性噬菌体抗体库中筛选人抗HBsAg的Fab噬菌体抗体

目的从人源性噬菌体抗体库中筛选人抗HBsAgFab噬菌体抗体。方法用固相化HBsAg对所构建的噬菌体抗体库进行三轮淘筛,从中筛选人抗HBsAgFab噬菌体抗体。结果第三轮淘筛后洗脱下来的噬菌体,较第一轮增加80倍,含有抗体轻链基因和重链基因的克隆,也由淘筛前的17%增至100%,经ELISA证实,筛选到的抗HBsAg噬菌体抗体对HBsAg具有良好的结合活性,而与牛血清白蛋白和HAVAg等无关抗原均不反应。结论HBsAg对抗体库的淘筛,富集了表面呈现抗HBsAg的单克隆抗体的噬菌体。     

丙型肝炎病毒非结构蛋白3人源单链抗体的筛选与鉴定

目的 筛选、鉴定抗丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）非结构蛋白（ＮＳ）３的人单链抗体（ＳｃＦｖ）,以解决鼠单抗蝗免疫原性问题,为ＨＣＶ的基因治疗研究开辟新途径。方法 采用噬菌体表面展示技术,以重组的ＨＣＶＮＳ３为包被抗原,从噬菌体单链楞变区抗体库中经过５轮“吸附－洗脱－扩增”筛选过程,获得抗原结合活性较强的ＨＣＶＮＳ３人单链抗体（ＳｃＦｖ片段）阳性克隆,并对其进行免疫体及序列测定。结果 筛选出来的ＳｃＦｖ片段     

乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原变异的临床意义

乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＢ）感染是全球性的公共卫生问题，携带者超过３亿５千万人。ＨＢＶ的复制需经复制中间体ＲＮＡ反转录，且病毒的ＤＮＡ聚合酶缺乏校对酶活性，不能修正核苷酸错配，因而具有较高的变异性。乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原（ＨＢｓＡｇ）包括主蛋白（Ｓ蛋白）、中蛋白（Ｍ蛋白）和大蛋白（Ｌ蛋白）。Ｓ蛋白是其最主要成分，能诱发机体产生保护性免疫反应，是目前制备疫苗的基础。Ｓ蛋白氨基酸（ａａ）１２４～１４７，由１２４与１３７、１３９与１４７位点的半胱氨酸以二硫键相连形成两个ｌｏｏｐ构成ａ决定簇，是乙型肝炎疫苗产生保…     

全人源肝癌噬菌体单链抗体基因的克隆及活性分析

从噬菌体单链抗体库中筛选克隆全人源肝癌抗体基因并进行活性鉴定.PCR鉴定阳性重组菌中人肝癌ScFv的插入率,以肝癌细胞SMMC-7721为抗原对所建抗体库进行4轮"吸附-洗脱-扩增"的亲和筛选.将筛选后的ScFv采用ELISA法鉴定其与人肝癌细胞的结合活性.ScFv基因插入率为70%.在亲和筛选过程中,肝癌噬菌体单链抗体得到富集,收获率逐轮提高,第4轮为第一轮的381倍.利用噬菌体抗体库技术筛选出了肝癌噬菌体单链抗体,且筛选后的抗体片段与人肝癌细胞有特异性的结合活性.     

丙型肝炎病毒非结构蛋白NS5抗独特型人源单链可变区抗体的筛选与鉴定

目的：制备丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）非结构蛋白NSS（NS5）的抗独特型单链可变区抗体scFv(抗－Id scFv)，为研制HCV NS5的抗－Id scFv疫苗奠定基础。方法：采用噬菌体表面展示技术，将HCV NS5单克隆抗体固相包被于Nunc板，从噬菌体单链可变区抗体库中经过5轮“吸附－洗脱－扩增”筛选过程，随机挑选80个克隆，利用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）、交叉反应和竞争抑制实验，对其进行免疫学检测，获得与HCV NS5单克隆抗体结合活性较强的抗－Id scFv阳性克隆，并对HCV NS5特异性抗－Id scFv的编码序列进行序列测定分析。结果：筛选得到的HCV NS5抗－Id scFv片段由786bp组成，具有结合HCV NS5单克隆抗体的生物学活性和特异性。结论：用噬菌体抗体库技术能够成功地获得HCV NS5的抗－Id scFv。本实验结果为开展用抗－Id scFv防治丙型肝炎的研究创造了条件。     

人源性老年痴呆单链噬菌体抗体库的构建

目的 构建人源性老年痴呆(AD)单链噬菌体抗体库,为进一步筛选AD相关抗原的人源性抗体奠定基础.方法 从200 ml AD病人的外周血中分离B淋巴细胞,提取总RNA,经逆转录合成总cDNA.以PCR技术,利用特定的引物分别扩增出人抗体的重链和轻链可变区基因片段(VH、VL),并分别克隆入噬菌粒pDAN5中,构建出含人单链抗体可变区(scFv)基因序列的pDAN5克隆载体,电转化感受态大肠杆菌XLI-Blue后,经辅助噬菌体M13K07超感染后回收全部重组噬菌体,构建成初级噬菌体抗体库.从抗体库中随机挑选数个克隆,提取质粒,PCR扩增目的片段后,用内切酶BstN Ⅰ消化,每个克隆经消化后的DNA指纹印迹用琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析,评价抗体库的多样性.结果 所有抗体VH和VL基因片段均得到了扩增并成功克隆及转化,经辅助噬菌体感染后,构建成初级抗体库.BstN Ⅰ消化后的DNA指纹图谱显示各克隆抗体基因各不相同,经计算构建的噬菌体抗体库容量为1.5×106.结论 利用噬菌体抗体库技术成功构建了AD病人的单链可变区噬菌体抗体库.     

人源性抗HBsAg噬菌体抗体的筛选及纯化

目的:获得人源性抗HBsAg抗体Fab片段。方法:用预包被HBsAg的ELISA板,从构建的人全套抗体库中筛选出针对HBsAg的噬菌体抗体。并转入大肠杆菌中表达。破裂细胞后,获得可溶性Fab片段。以羊抗人Fab抗体偶联HiTrap柱,用     

乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原基因的克隆及序列分析

目的克隆并鉴定乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原基因,为下一步构建该重组腺病毒载体以及进一步研究腺病毒载体的包装及在乙型肝炎病毒基因治疗中的作用。方法参照人 HBV adr 亚型序列,设计和合成 S 基因特异引物。应用 PCR 技术,从含有 HBsAg 的 HBV DNA 中扩增目的 DNA,通过 TA 连接将其克隆人 pGEM-T easy 载体,经限制性内切酶 BglⅡ/SalⅠ鉴定后,进一步测序鉴定。结果从乙肝表面抗原阳性(HBsAg )血清中成功提取 HBV DNA,并以此 DNA 为模板,成功扩增出 S 基因,测序结果与 GenBank 中注册的相应序列比对,核苷酸序列的同源性高达92％～99％,预测氨基酸序列同源性亦达82％。结论从 HBsAg 阳性血清中成功克隆出 S 基因序列,为进一步构建重组腺病毒及后续实验奠定了基础。     

Human scFv antibody fragments specific for hepatocellular carcinoma selected from a phage display library

AIM: To identify the scFv antibody fragments specific for hepatocellular carcinoma by biopanning from a large human naive scFv phage display library. METHODS: A large human naive scFv phage library was used to search for the specific targets by biopanning with the hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 for the positive-selecting and the normal liver cell line L02 for the counter-selecting. After three rounds of biopanning, individual scFv phages binding selectively to HepG2 cells were picked out. PCR was carried out for identification of the clones containing scFv gene sequence. The specific scFv phages were selected by ELISA and flow cytometry. DMA sequences of positive clones were analyzed by using Applied Biosystem Automated DNA sequencers 3 730. The expression proteins of the specific scFv antibody fragments in F.coli HB2151 were purified by the affinity chromatography and detected by SDS-PAGE, Western blot and ELISA. The biological effect of the soluble antibody fragments on the HepG2 cells was investigated by observing the cell proliferation. RESULTS: Two different positive clones were obtained and the functional variable sequences were identified. Their DNA sequences of the scFv antibody fragments were submitted to GenBank (accession nos: AY686498 and AY686499). The soluble scFv antibody fragments were successfully expressed in E.coli HB2151. The relative molecular mass of the expression products was about 36 ku, according to its predicted M, value. The two soluble scFv antibody fragments also had specific binding activity and obvious growth inhibition properties to HepG2 cells. CONCLUSION: The phage library biopanning permits identification of specific antibody fragments for hepatocellular carcinoma and affords experiment evidence for its immunotherapy study.     

Detection of pre-S/S gene mutants in chronic hepatitis B carriers with concurrent hepatitis B surface antibody and hepatitis B surface antigen

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) with various mutations has been reported. The frequency of the natural occurrence of such variants and whether the heterogeneity of these genomic regions correlates with a specific serologic pattern of concurrent hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) were investigated. We analyzed the perS/S regions of HBV in six asymptomatic HBV carriers who were seropositive for both HBsAg and anti-HBs (group A), four hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with concurrent HBsAg and anti-HBs (group B), and five asymptomatic HBV carriers without anti-HBs as controls (group C). PreS/S regions of HBV-DNA were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), cloned, and sequenced. The results showed that, in some of the samples, a few deletions and numerous point mutations were presented in preS/S regions. One of the HBV carriers with anti-HBs (group A) and an HCC patient with anti-HBs (group B) had point mutations in the "a" determinant, resulting in conversion from Ile-126 of wild-type to Asn-126. The patients with anti-HBs (groups A and B) had a significantly greater divergence rate of amino acid for the preS/S gene compared with controls. Our results suggested that the HBV mutants observed in the preS/S gene may have led to changes in the immunogenicity of the viral particles, and thus influence the viral behavior and clinical course. Therefore, some HBV patients with concurrent HBsAg and anti-HBs may be HBV S mutants. Received: October 12, 1998 / Accepted: March 26, 1999     

Bacteriophages and their applications in the diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis B virus infection

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major global health challenge leading to serious disorders such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Currently, there exist various diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for HBV infection. However, prevalence and hazardous effects of chronic viral infection heighten the need to develop novel methodologies for the detection and treatment of this infection. Bacteriophages, viruses that specifically infect bacterial cells, with a long-established tradition in molecular biology and biotechnology have recently been introduced as novel tools for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of HBV infection. Bacteriophages, due to tremendous genetic flexibility, represent potential to undergo a huge variety of surface modifications. This property has been the rationale behind introduction of phage display concept. This powerful approach, together with combinatorial chemistry, has shaped the concept of phage display libraries with diverse applications for the detection and therapy of HBV infection. This review aims to offer an insightful overview of the potential of bacteriophages in the development of helpful prophylactic (vaccine design), diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for HBV infection thereby providing new perspectives to the growing field of bacteriophage researches directing towards HBV infection.     

人源抗丙型肝炎病毒包膜蛋白E2单链抗体的研究

目的 研制抗丙型肝炎病毒包膜蛋白E2（HCVE2）的人源噬菌体单链抗体，并探讨其临床价值。方法 以重组的HCVE2为固相抗原，利用亲和筛选的原理，从噬菌体抗体库中经过5轮“吸附-洗脱-扩增”的筛选过程及酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）和DNA序列分析。获得HCVE2的人源单链抗体；用该抗体对10例石蜡包埋的丙型肝炎患者肝组织进行免疫组织化学鉴定。结果 ELISA结果表明，制备的HCVE2人源单链抗体（吸光度值A450为1.88)能与HCVE2抗原特异性结合，免疫组织化学结果表明，该抗体能够特异性识别丙型肝炎患者肝组织HCVE2抗原，与正常肝组织及乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）抗原均无交叉反应。结论 此法制备的单链抗体亲和性好，特异性强，且制备方法简便，周期短，为HCVE2病原的检测提供了新的有效的试剂。     

人源性抗-HBc单链噬菌体抗体库的构建

目的 构建人源性单链噬菌体抗体库，为筛选人源性抗—HBc单链抗体奠定基础。方法 利用逆转录—聚合酶链反应(RT—PCR)和噬菌体表面展示技术，直接从乙肝病毒核心抗体(抗—HBc)阳性患者淋巴细胞中提取总RNA，逆转录成cDNA；合成全套人抗体可变区引物扩增抗体可变区基因，并将重、轻链可变区基因进行拼接装配成单链抗体(ScFv)基因，重组于噬菌粒载体叶pHEN1，转化抑制型大肠埃希菌E.coliTG1，以辅助噬菌体援救后，构建成人源性单链噬菌体库。结果 成功地构建了人源性抗—HBc单链噬菌体库，库容量达10^6。结论 利用RT—PCR和噬菌体表面展示技术可以成功构建人源性单链抗体库，并达到建库标准，可进一步从中筛选人源性单链抗体。     

可溶性HCV非结构蛋白NS3人源单链可变区抗体在大肠杆菌中的表达

目的 获得可溶性的抗丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)非结构蛋白NS3的人源单链可变区抗体(ScFv),为得到纯度高、活力强的NS3 ScFv和进一步HCV的治疗奠定基础。方法 采用噬菌体表面展示技术,以重组的HCV非结构蛋白NS3为包被抗原,从噬菌体单链可变区抗体库中经过5轮“吸附-洗脱-扩增”筛选过程,获得抗原结合活性较强的HCVNS3人单链抗体ScFv片段克隆,并对其进行DNA序列及免疫活性测定。从噬菌体抗体阳性克隆中提取质粒转化琥珀突变非抑制型大肠杆菌HB2151;IPTG诱导表达HCV NS3可溶性单链抗体;ELISA和dot blot检测其抗原结合特异性。结果 克隆了HCV NS3的单链可变区抗体基因,经DNA酶切和序列分析表明,该抗体基因由747个碱基组成。ELISA和dot blot结果表明,在大肠杆菌HB2151中经IPTG诱导表达的可溶性HCV NS3的单链可变区抗体,具有结合丙型肝炎病毒非结构蛋白NS3的特异性和免疫活性。结论 克隆、鉴定并在大肠杆菌HB2151中表达了可溶性的ScFv-NS3。     

High affinity mouse-human chimeric Fab against hepatitis B surface antigen

AIM: Passive immunotherapy using antibody against hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) has been advocated in certain cases of Hepatitis B infection. We had earlier reported on the cloning and expression of a high affinity scFv derived from a mouse monoclonal (5S) against HBsAg. However this mouse antibody cannot be used for therapeutic purposes as it may elicit anti-mouse immune responses. Chimerization by replacing mouse constant domains with human ones can reduce the immunogenicity of this antibody. METHODS: We cloned the VH and VL genes of this mouse antibody, and fused them with CH1 domain of human IgG1 and CL domain of human kappa chain respectively. These chimeric genes were cloned into a phagemid vector. After initial screening using the phage display system, the chimeric Fab was expressed in soluble form in E. coli. RESULTS: The chimeric Fab was purified from the bacterial periplasmic extract. We characterized the chimeric Fab using several in vitro techniques and it was observed that the chimeric molecule retained the high affinity and specificity of the original mouse monoclonal. This chimeric antibody fragment was further expressed in different strains of E. coli to increase the yield. CONCLUSION: We have generated a mouse-human chimeric Fab against HBsAg without any significant loss in binding and epitope specificity. This chimeric Fab fragment can be further modified to generate a full-length chimeric antibody for therapeutic uses.