内皮祖细胞在心血管疾病中的应用

近年来研究表明,内皮祖细胞在出生后新生血管的形成中发挥着重要的作用,它能改善缺血肢体的血供、促进心肌梗死后血管再生及修复血管扩张后的内皮损伤、减少内膜增生;另外,它从骨髓至外周血的动员、迁移、归巢、分化等步骤的调节还涉及许多细胞因子和药物。     

基因修饰内皮祖细胞在动脉粥样硬化中的应用

内皮祖细胞是能分化为内皮细胞的前体细胞,动物及临床试验证实移植内皮祖细胞有益于治疗动脉粥样硬化。在病理状态下内皮祖细胞的功能受损,限制了其应用。通过基因修饰技术可以改善EPCs的功能并提高其移植效率,为动脉粥样硬化性疾病的细胞疗法提供了新的治疗策略。     

内皮祖细胞在缺血性心血管疾病中的应用

缺血性心血管疾病是一类严重威胁人类健康的疾患,其发生、发展和预后与血管内皮密切相关。研究发现内皮祖细胞参与出生后的内皮修复和血管新生过程,提示其在缺血性心血管疾病中的重要治疗作用和临床应用前景。     

内皮祖细胞在缺血性卒中治疗中的应用

内皮祖细胞（endothelialprogenitorcel,EPC）是血管内皮细胞的多能干细胞,具有自我分化和增殖能力。大量动物实验和初步临床研究均显示,EPC在治疗缺血性疾病方面具有广阔的临床应用前景。文章对EPC的研究现状及其在缺血性卒中临床治疗中的应用进行了综述。     

内皮祖细胞在肺动脉高压治疗中的应用

肺动脉高压一直以来缺乏有效的治疗措施,而近年来基于内皮祖细胞的细胞疗法和基因疗法有望成为肺动脉高压治疗的新理念。本文总结了基于内皮祖细胞的细胞疗法和基因疗法在治疗肺动脉高压中的作用机制,分析了其在治疗肺动脉高压中的不足,并展望其在未来临床治疗肺动脉高压中的应用前景。     

急性肺损伤患者骨髓内皮祖细胞生物学功能的变化及其意义

目的观察急性肺损伤患者骨髓内皮祖细胞(EPCs)生物学功能的变化。方法选择急性肺损伤患者和正常对照各20例,采用密度梯度离心法从骨髓获取单个核细胞,接种在细胞培养板内,培养7d后对贴壁细胞进行细胞鉴定和部分生物学功能检测。倒置相差显微镜下观察生长情况,采用噻唑蓝比色试验(MTT法)检测EPCs增殖能力,观察EPCs黏附能力、迁移能力和体外血管生成能力。结果急性肺损伤患者骨髓EPCs黏附细胞数增多(P<0.05),EPCs增殖能力、迁移能力、体外血管生成能力均较正常对照组增强(P<0.05)。结论急性肺损伤患者骨髓EPCs的增殖、黏附、迁移和体外血管生成能力增强。骨髓EPCs参与了急性肺损伤发生、发展,其生物学功能可作为一个生物学标志。     

血管内皮生长因子在急性肺损伤中的双重作用

急性肺损伤（acute lung injury,ALI）指由多种致病因素引起的肺组织急性弥漫性炎症综合征,肺泡上皮损伤和毛细血管通透性增高导致弥漫性肺水肿是造成ALI的病理基础。血管内皮生长因子（Vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF）是一种特异作用于血管内皮细胞、兼具血管生长和渗透作用的多功能细胞因子,动物模型提示VEGF过量表达在肺水肿形成中可能发挥重要作用。     

内皮祖细胞在治疗性血管新生中的应用

内皮祖细胞能循环、增殖并分化为血管内皮细胞,但尚未表达成熟血管内皮细胞表型,也未形成血管,是胚胎干细胞分化过程中的一个过渡阶段。内皮祖细胞的发现更新了传统意义上的出生后血管再生修复机制,并为缺血性疾病的治疗和组织工程的发展提供了新思路。     

诱导内皮祖细胞在心肌缺血中的趋化

内皮祖细胞(EPCs)移植为促进缺血性疾病局部血管新生、改善低氧提供了新的手段,成为严重缺血性疾病治疗的辅助手段之一;但移植后EPCs靶向性较差导致EPCs利用率的低下,限制了EPCs的广泛应用。因此,发现EPCs在体内趋化的途径,增加EPCs在体内的归巢已经成为目前研究的热点。本文就目前对EPCs趋化的机制,已经发现的趋化通路进行了探讨,提出有待解决的问题,以及可能的进一步研究方向,为可能开展的进一步研究提供了思路。     

Increased circulating endothelial progenitor cells are associated with survival in acute lung injury

RATIONALE: Repair of damaged endothelium is important in recovery from acute lung injury. In animal models, bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells differentiate into mature endothelium and assist in repairing damaged vasculature. OBJECTIVES: The quantity of endothelial progenitor cells in patients with acute lung injury is unknown. We hypothesize that increased numbers of circulating endothelial progenitor cells will be associated with an improved outcome in acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome. METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from the buffy coat of patients with early acute lung injury (n=45), intubated control subjects (n=10), and healthy volunteers (n=7) were isolated using Ficoll density gradient centrifugation, and plated on fibronectin-coated cellware. After 24 hours, nonadherent cells were removed and replated on fibronectin-coated cellware at a concentration of 1x10(6) cells/well. Colony-forming units were counted after 7 days' incubation. MEASUREMENTS/MAIN RESULTS: Endothelial progenitor cell colony numbers were significantly higher in patients with acute lung injury compared with healthy control subjects (p<0.05), but did not differ between patients with acute lung injury and intubated control subjects. However, in the 45 patients with acute lung injury, improved survival correlated with a higher colony count (p<0.04). Patients with acute lung injury with a colony count of >or= 35 had a mortality of 30%, compared with 61% in those with colony counts <35 (p<0.03), results that persisted in a multivariable analysis correcting for age, sex, and severity of illness. CONCLUSIONS: An increased number of circulating endothelial progenitor cells in acute lung injury is associated with improved survival.     

Endothelial progenitor cells in infantile hemangioma

Infantile hemangioma is an endothelial tumor that grows rapidly after birth but slowly regresses during early childhood. Initial proliferation of hemangioma is characterized by clonal expansion of endothelial cells (ECs) and neovascularization. Here, we demonstrated mRNA encoding CD133-2, an important marker for endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), predominantly in proliferating but not involuting or involuted hemangioma. Progenitor cells coexpressing CD133 and CD34 were detected by flow cytometry in 11 of 12 proliferating hemangioma specimens from children 3 to 24 months of age. Furthermore, in 4 proliferating hemangiomas, we showed that 0.14% to 1.6% of CD45(-) nucleated cells were EPCs that coexpressed CD133 and the EC marker KDR. This finding is consistent with the presence of KDR(+) immature ECs in proliferating hemangioma. Our results suggest that EPCs contribute to the early growth of hemangioma. To our knowledge, this is the first study to show direct evidence of EPCs in a human vascular tumor.     

内皮祖田胞与血管新生

某些缺血性疾病,如冠心病、脑血管病变等在发生发展的过程中有血管的闭塞和退化,因此,当今心血管病学中一个重要的进展就是兴起了促进新生血管生成的治疗.     

Endothelial progenitor cells in cardiovascular disorders

The important role of the vascular endothelium in cardiovascular health is increasingly recognized. However, mature endothelial cells possess limited regenerative capacity. There is therefore much interest in circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) among the scientific community, especially into their purported role in maintenance of endothelial integrity and function, as well as postnatal neovascularization. It has been suggested that these cells might not only be responsible for the continuous recovery of the endothelium after injury/damage, but also might take part in angiogenesis, giving the hope of new treatment opportunities. Indeed, there is accumulating evidence showing reduced availability and impaired EPC function in the presence of both cardiovascular disease and associated comorbid risk factors. Thus, many studies into the potential for use of EPCs in the clinical setting are being undertaken. The goal of this review article is to provide an overview of data relevant to the clinical role of EPCs and perspectives for treatment of cardiovascular disorders.     

Endothelial progenitor cells are suppressed in anemic patients with acute coronary syndrome

ObjectiveAnemia is an independent predictor of poor prognosis in acute coronary syndrome. Endothelial progenitor cells are bone marrow-derived cells that are mobilized into the circulation in response to ischemia. The number of circulating endothelial progenitor cells increases within days of acute coronary syndrome. There is no confirmation regarding the correlation between the occurrence of anemia and the deficiency in endothelial progenitor cells in patients with acute coronary syndrome. The correlation between chronic anemia and endothelial progenitor cells in patients with acute coronary syndrome was investigated.MethodsEndothelial progenitor cells were examined in 26 patients with acute coronary syndrome. Fifteen patients had chronic nonprogressive anemia, and 11 patients had a normal blood count. Blood samples were drawn on the first day of admission and 4 to 7 days later. Mononuclear cells were separated and cultured on fibronectin-coated plates with EndoCult medium (StemCell Technologies, Vancouver, BC, Canada) for 5 days. Colony forming unit count and a migration assay were performed at each time point.ResultsBaseline colony forming unit in the non-anemic group was higher than in the anemic group (P < .0001). There was a highly significant correlation between admission hemoglobin and colony forming unit count (R = 0.83, P < .0001). Colony forming units increased in both groups on the second measurement but to a lower extent in the anemic group (P = .0004). The migration assay in the non-anemic group was higher than in the anemic group at baseline (P = .017) and 4 to 7 days later (P = .0054).ConclusionPatients with acute coronary syndrome with anemia demonstrate a reduced number of peripheral endothelial progenitor cells with impaired function, possibly representing a lower capacity for vascular healing. These phenomena may partly explain the poor prognosis observed in patients with acute coronary syndrome and anemia.     

Endothelial progenitor cells functional characterization

Increasing evidence suggests that circulating progenitor cells contribute to postnatal neovascularization. These cells home to sites of ischemia, adopt an endothelial phenotype, and contribute to new blood vessel formation. Hence, the identity of the circulating cells that contribute to neovascularization is not entirely clear. Bone-marrow-derived hematopoietic progenitor cells can give rise to endothelial cells and contribute to endothelial recovery and new capillary formation after ischemia. However, nonhematopoietic stem cells within the bone marrow and adipose-tissue-derived cells, as well as cardiac and neural progenitor cells, also differentiate to endothelial cells. Progenitor cells from the different sources may be useful to augment therapeutic vascularization. The present review article summarizes the different subtypes of (endothelial) progenitor cells that can give rise to endothelial cells, enhance neovascularization, and may be suitable for therapeutic neovascularization.     

Endothelial progenitor cells in cardiovascular disorders.

The important role of the vascular endothelium in cardiovascular health is increasingly recognized. However, mature endothelial cells possess limited regenerative capacity. There is therefore much interest in circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) among the scientific community, especially into their purported role in maintenance of endothelial integrity and function, as well as postnatal neovascularization. It has been suggested that these cells might not only be responsible for the continuous recovery of the endothelium after injury/damage, but also might take part in angiogenesis, giving the hope of new treatment opportunities. Indeed, there is accumulating evidence showing reduced availability and impaired EPC function in the presence of both cardiovascular disease and associated comorbid risk factors. Thus, many studies into the potential for use of EPCs in the clinical setting are being undertaken. The goal of this review article is to provide an overview of data relevant to the clinical role of EPCs and perspectives for treatment of cardiovascular disorders.