Antibacterial activity of lidocaine in mixtures with Diprivan

We have studied the antibacterial activity of different concentrations of 0.005-2% lidocaine (lignocaine) in mixtures with Diprivan (propofol), against micro-organisms commonly implicated in sepsis as a result of extrinsically contaminated Diprivan. Bacterial colony counts were reduced progressively with increasing concentrations of lidocaine. Bacteriostatic and bactericidal concentrations of lidocaine were 0.2- 2%. Lidocaine 2% was not bactericidal for one of the seven organisms tested. By inhibiting bacterial replication, lidocaine, when added to Diprivan to reduce pain on injection, may possibly reduce the harmful consequences if extrinsic contamination occurs.      

Life-threatening anaphylactoid reactions to propofol (Diprivan)

Fourteen patients who had had a life-threatening reaction within a few minutes after receiving propofol (Diprivan) were investigated for anaphylaxis 4-6 weeks after the incident. Three kinds of immunologic tests were carried out: skin tests (prick tests and intradermal tests with the drugs used and Intralipid, the solvent for propofol), a leukocyte histamine release test, and a radioimmunoassay (RIA) of immunoglobulin E (IgE) against propofol and muscle relaxants, when they had been given with propofol. It had been previously shown that these were always negative in patients anesthetized with propofol without any complications. Thirteen of the 14 patients had at least one positive test supporting hypersensitivity to propofol; 2 patients had three tests positive; 4 had two tests positive; and 7 had one test positive. The skin tests with Intralipid were negative in 4 patients whose tests with propofol were positive. Two patients who had been given muscle relaxants at the same time as the propofol had positive IgE-RIA to both drugs. In one patient, results of all the tests remained negative, and the mechanism involved in the reaction remained unidentified. It is note-worthy that 9 patients of 14 had allergic histories that were known before the anesthetic (atopy; allergy to antibiotics, muscle relaxants, lidocaine, colloids) and that none of the patients had ever received propofol or Intralipid before. It is possible that the IgE that linked abnormally with the propofol had specific binding sites for the phenyl nucleus and the isopropyl groups, which are present in propofol and many other drugs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

“异丙酚＋芬太尼”在气管拔管术中的应用研究

目的：探讨“异丙酚＋芬太尼”用予气管拨管术减轻拨管对患者呼吸道，循环干扰的临床意义。方法：60例择期腹腔镜胆囊切除的患者随机分成两组，实验组在拔管前给予异丙酚0.5mg／kg，芬太尼0.75μg／kg静注；对照组按常规方法拨管，观察拨管前，吸引。拨管时及拨管后3、5、10分钟的血压，心率。结果：不同处理方法存在组间差别（P〈0.05），患者的收缩压，舒张压，心率在不同的处理方法下不同拔管时相蜜化的趋势不同（P〈0.01），其中实验组不同拨管时相收缩压，舒张压，心率均较为稳定。结论：在拔管期应甩适量异再酚和芬太尼对于呼吸道，心血管反应的抑制殛拨管期血流动力学的平稳有较好的作用。     

Use of propofol (Diprivan) for awake craniotomies: technical note.

We describe the use of propofol (Diprivan) to provide patient comfort during the initial stages of awake craniotomies.     

A case of coring on using a 1% Diprivan vial]

We report a case in which two fragments due to coring from the rubbercap of a 50 ml Diprivan vial were detected only immediately before infusion to a patient. The attending anesthesiologist noticed the foreign bodies by chance. The rubbercap was punctured only once, but the two foreign bodies from the syringe were proved to be from the rubbercap by infrared spectrometer analysis. It is difficult to recognize the small fragments in Diprivan which is white unclear emulsion. Therefore, anesthesiologists should be aware of the danger of coring.     

咪唑安定、异丙酚麻醉诱导在老年人腹腔镜手术中的应用

目的 :观察咪唑定安、异丙酚麻醉诱导在老年人LC术的诱导效果和呼吸、循环的变化。方法 :选择ASAⅠ～Ⅲ级的老年LC手术患者 6 0例 ,随机分 3组 ,分别选用不同的麻醉诱导药物 ,Ⅰ组 (n =2 0 )采用咪唑安定 0 1mg/kg ,Ⅱ组 (n =2 0 )采用异丙酚 2 0mg/kg ,Ⅲ组 (n =2 0 )采用咪唑安定 0 0 5mg/kg与异丙酚1 0mg/kg合用。结果 :咪唑安定或异丙酚诱导 ,血压、心率波动较大 ,异丙酚组呼吸抑制程度明显高于其它两组 ,咪唑安定与异丙酚合用 ,麻醉诱导时间短、效果确切 ,整个诱导插管期间 ,血循环变化轻微 ,注药后虽有一过性呼吸抑制 ,但充分供氧后均可迅速恢复。结论 :咪唑安定合用异丙酚是老年人腹腔镜胆囊切除术的较为合理的麻醉诱导方法