茶多酚诱导卵巢癌SKOV3细胞凋亡及其机制的研究

目的卵巢癌手术、传统化疗和放疗技术虽然有所改进,但患者5年生存率仍不超过20%。已有研究证明茶多酚具有抗肿瘤和抗氧化作用。文中主要探讨茶多酚对卵巢癌SKOV3细胞的增殖抑制作用和诱导SKOV3细胞凋亡的作用及其作用机制。方法采用MTT比色法检测不同浓度的茶多酚对卵巢癌SKOV3细胞增殖抑制作用;应用荧光素标记的膜联蛋白Ⅴ(FITC-AnnexinⅤ)联合流式细胞凋亡定量检测技术(PⅠ双染色)检测茶多酚对SKOV3细胞凋亡发生率的影响,同时应用PI染色技术分析茶多酚对SKOV3细胞分裂周期的影响;利用荧光探针DCFH-DA对细胞内活性氧自由基(reactive oxygenspecies,ROS)水平进行检测。结果茶多酚对SKOV3细胞的生长有明显的抑制作用,不同剂量茶多酚组的抑制率与空白对照组比较有显著差异(P<0.01)。AnnexinⅤ/PⅠ双染色法观察到药物浓度与细胞凋亡发生呈正相关,即随着药物浓度的增加细胞凋亡率增加,在200μmol/L的时候几乎所有的细胞都发生了凋亡。随着药物浓度的增加处于G0/G1期细胞减少,多数细胞阻滞在细胞周期的S期,从而阻断细胞周期向G2/M期进行,当药物浓度达到200μmol/L时,出现明显凋亡峰。利用荧光探针DCFH-DA对细胞内ROS水平进行检测发现随着茶多酚浓度增高细胞内ROS水平显著增高,不同剂量茶多酚组细胞内ROS水平与空白对照组比较有显著差异(P<0.01)。结论茶多酚在体外可剂量依赖性地抑制卵巢癌SKOV3细胞增殖,诱导细胞凋亡,推测ROS水平的增高可能是导致卵巢癌SKOV3细胞凋亡的原因,为筛选治疗卵巢癌的化疗药物提供新的参考依据。     

γδT 细胞对卵巢癌 SKOV3细胞增殖的抑制作用

目的：探讨γδT细胞对卵巢癌SKOV3细胞增殖的抑制作用,阐明γδT细胞诱导卵巢癌细胞凋亡的可能作用机制。方法：将体外培养的人卵巢癌SKOV3细胞设为对照组,将体外分离培养且与γδT细胞共培养72h的卵巢癌SKOV3细胞设为γδT细胞处理组,于激光共聚焦显微镜下观察2组中SKOV3细胞核形态学变化,采用MTT法检测2组SKOV3细胞增殖抑制率,利用Transwell小室检测细胞迁移能力,采用流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率。结果：激光共聚焦显微镜下,γδT细胞处理组SKOV3细胞出现核皱缩等细胞凋亡的形态学改变较对照组明显;MTT法检测,γδT细胞处理组SKOV3细胞增殖抑制率高于对照组（P<0.05）;Transwell小室检测,γδT细胞处理组SKOV3细胞穿膜细胞数少于对照组,细胞的迁移率低于对照组（P<0.05）;流式细胞术检测,γδT细胞处理组SKOV3细胞凋亡率高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：γδT细胞能够抑制卵巢癌SKOV3细胞的增殖及迁移能力,促进细胞凋亡。     

沉默信息调节因子3对白藜芦醇诱导的人卵巢癌SKOV3细胞凋亡的影响

目的：检测沉默信息调节因子3（Sirt3）对白藜芦醇（Res）诱导的人卵巢癌SKOV3细胞凋亡的影响,探讨其促进凋亡的机制。方法：人卵巢癌SKOV3细胞加入不同浓度（0、2.5、5.0、10.0、20.0、40.0和80.0 mg·L^-1）Res培养24h,MTT法检测细胞存活率。将细胞随机分为对照组、Sirt3抑制剂3-（1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基）吡啶（3-TYP）组、Res组和3-TYP+Res组,培养24h后,MTT法检各组细胞增殖抑制率;采用Hoechst 33342进行细胞核染色,激光共聚焦显微镜观察细胞核形态;采用活性氧（ROS）探针检测细胞中ROS水平;Western blotting法检测各组细胞中Sirt3、B细胞淋巴瘤/白血病-2（Bcl-2）、Bcl-2相关X蛋白（Bax）和含半胱氨酸的天冬氨酸蛋白水解酶3（cleavedcaspase-3）蛋白表达水平。结果：MTT实验,随着Res浓度的增加,细胞存活率明显降低,Res的半数抑制浓度（IC₅₀）为42.73 mg·L^-1。与对照组比较,Res组和3-TYP+Res组细胞增殖抑制率明显升高（P<0.05）;与Res组比较,3-TYP+Res组细胞增殖抑制率明显升高（P<0.05）。与对照组比较,3-TYP+Res组细胞核出现固缩、染色增强、核碎裂增多。与对照组比较,3-TYP组细胞红色荧光无明显变化,Res组和3-TYP+Res组细胞红色荧光明显减少。Western blotting法检测,与对照组比较,3-TYP组细胞中Sirt3蛋白表达水平明显降低（P<0.05）,Bcl-2、Bax和cleaved caspase-3蛋白表达水平无明显变化（P>0.05）,Res组细胞中Sirt3和Bcl-2蛋白表达水平明显降低（P<0.05）,Bax和cleaved caspase-3蛋白表达水平明显升高（P<0.05）;与Res组比较,3-TYP+Res组细胞中Bax和cleaved caspase-3蛋白表达水平明显升高（P<0.05）,Bcl-2和Sirt3蛋白表达水平明显降低（P<0.05）。结论：Res可以诱导SKOV3细胞的凋亡,3-TYP通过抑制Sirt3表达可增强Res的作用。     

IL-17A/IL-17RA通过上调自噬降低卵巢癌SKOV3细胞对顺铂敏感性

目的 探讨白细胞介素（IL）17A通过调控细胞自噬对卵巢癌细胞顺铂（DDP）化疗敏感性的影响。方法 体外培养卵巢癌SKOV3细胞并分别用不同浓度DDP（1、2、4、6、8、10、15、20 μg/mL）处理,MTT法测定细胞增殖活性以及IL-17A（100 ng/mL,处理24 h）对DDP 诱导SKOV3细胞凋亡的影响;流式细胞术检测人卵巢癌细胞SKOV3中IL-17A受体（IL-17RA）的表达水平;Annexin V-FITC/PI双染法检测细胞凋亡;线粒体膜电位检测试剂盒（JC-1）检测细胞早期凋亡情况;IL-17RA 中和抗体（IL-17RA mAb）进行IL-17RA阻断实验;合成针对IL-17RA基因的siRNA片段（siRNA-IL-17RA）,转染SKOV3细胞,沉默IL-17RA表达;3-甲基腺嘌呤（3-MA）抑制细胞自噬水平;Western blot检测细胞凋亡相关蛋白（Bcl2、Bax、Cleaved Caspase3）、自噬相关蛋白（P62、Beclin-1）表达。结果 DDP可以增加卵巢癌SKOV3细胞IL-17RA表达水平;IL-17A降低SKOV3细胞对DDP的敏感性（P<0.05）;DDP诱导SKOV3细胞内自噬相关蛋白Beclin-表达增强,自噬降解底物P62蛋白减少;IL-17A/IL-17RA增强了DDP自噬诱导作用（P<0.05）;3-MA 阻断自噬后,SKOV3细胞凋亡率较干扰前明显升高,细胞抗凋亡蛋白Bcl2表达水平降低、凋亡蛋白Bax表达水平升高,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 IL-17A/IL-17RA可能通过上调DDP诱导的自噬水平降低人卵巢癌SKOV3细胞化疗敏感性。     

组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂SAHA对卵巢癌SKOV3细胞的化疗增敏作用

目的：探讨组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂（HDACIs）辛二酰苯胺异羟肟酸（SAHA）联合长春新碱（VCR）对卵巢癌SKOV3细胞的生物学作用,并阐明其作用机制。方法：选择人卵巢癌SKOV3细胞,分为对照组、SAHA组、VCR组和SAHA+VCR组。CCK-8法检测各组SKOV3细胞生存率,流式细胞术（FCM）检测各组细胞凋亡率、自噬率和细胞周期分布情况。结果：CCK-8检测,与对照组比较,SAHA组和VCR组SKOV3细胞生存率明显降低;与SAHA或VCR组比较,SAHA+VCR组SKOV3细胞生存率明显降低（P<0.05）。FCM检测,与对照组比较,SAHA和VCR组SKOV3细胞凋亡率、自噬率及G₂/M期细胞百分率升高（P<0.05）;与SAHA或VCR组比较,SAHA+VCR组SKOV3细胞凋亡率、自噬率及G₂/M期百分率升高（P<0.05）。结论：SAHA可增强卵巢癌SKOV3细胞对VCR的敏感性,能够诱导SKOV3细胞凋亡与自噬,并促进G₂/M期阻滞;SAHA和化疗药物联合应用可能是治疗卵巢癌的新策略。     

番茄红素对卵巢癌SKOV3细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

目的 研究番茄红素（lycopene,LP）对人卵巢癌SKOV3细胞增殖和凋亡的影响及其作用机制。方法 取对数生长期SKOV3细胞随机分为5组：正常对照组、LP（20、10、5μg/ml）组和顺铂（40μg/ml）组（阳性对照组）,每组10个复孔。给药干预48h后,观察比较各组细胞生长状况并采用MTT比色法测定细胞增殖抑制率;通过流式细胞术（flow cytometry）分析细胞周期的改变、检测细胞凋亡并计算细胞凋亡率,免疫印迹法（Western blot）检测caspase-3蛋白表达并进行半定量分析,反转录PCR（RT-PCR）技术检测Bax mRNA和bcl-2 mRNA表达并计算Bax/bcl-2表达比值。结果 与正常对照组比较,LP各组SKOV3细胞呈现不同程度的细胞脱壁、细胞间松散等病理性状态,以LP 20μg/ml组最为显著;LP（20、10μg/ml）组细胞增殖抑制率显著升高,细胞周期被阻滞于G₂/M期,细胞凋亡率显著升高,caspase-3蛋白表达量显著增高,bcl-2 mRNA表达显著下调、Bax mRNA表达显著上调,Bax/bcl-2表达比值显著升高,上述差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.05,P<0.01）。结论 LP具有抑制卵巢癌SKOV3细胞增殖并促进其凋亡的作用,作用机制可能与LP能够有效提高caspase-3蛋白表达并下调bcl-2 mRNA表达、上调Bax mRNA表达、提高Bax/bcl-2表达比值有关。     

异甘草素诱导人卵巢癌细胞株SKOV3凋亡及自噬的研究

目的：观察异甘草素（ISL）对人卵巢浆液性乳头状腺癌细胞株SKOV3体外增殖的抑制作用,并探讨其可能存在的分子机制。方法四甲基偶氮唑蓝（MTT）比色法观察ISL对SKOV3细胞生长的抑制作用;吖啶橙／溴化乙锭双荧光染色后观察细胞形态变化;流式细胞术AnnexinⅤ‐FITC／PI双染检测ISL对细胞凋亡的影响;Westernblot检测凋亡相关蛋白Bcl‐2、Bax及自噬相关蛋白Beclin1、LC3的表达水平。结果ISL能够抑制SKOV3细胞的增殖,呈时间、剂量依赖性;荧光染色后可见细胞核变圆,碎裂,染色质浓缩;流式细胞仪检测ISL（5、10、20μg／mL）作用于SKOV3细胞48h后,凋亡率明显高于ISL0μg／mL组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0．05）;Westernblot结果显示ISL（5、10、20μg／mL）作用于SKOV3细胞48h后Bcl‐2蛋白的表达下调,Bax、Beclin1、LC3蛋白的表达上调,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论ISL对人卵巢癌SKOV3细胞具有明显的抑制增殖和诱导凋亡的作用,其抗体外肿瘤机制可能与激活线粒体凋亡通路及自噬通路相关。     

蒽醌修饰物4X触发内质网应激诱导卵巢癌细胞死亡模式研究

目的：探究蒽醌修饰物4X诱导卵巢癌细胞SKOV3和顺铂（DDP）耐药卵巢癌细胞SKOV3/DDP的死亡模式和作用机制。方法：分别将SKOV3细胞和SKOV3/DDP细胞分为对照组和不同浓度（2μmol/L、4μmol/L和8μmol/L）蒽醌修饰物4X组。采用MTT法检测细胞增殖率,苏木精-伊红（HE）染色观察细胞形态,线粒体绿色荧光探针观察线粒体形态,透射电镜观察细胞超微结构,western blotting法检测内质网应激相关蛋白（GRP78、PERK）、凋亡蛋白（CHOP）和铁死亡关键蛋白（GPX4）的表达。加入凋亡抑制剂Z-VAD-FMK,与蒽醌修饰物4X共处理,用流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率。结果：蒽醌修饰物4X作用48 h后,SKOV3和SKOV3/DDP细胞增殖均明显受到抑制（P<0.05）。经蒽醌修饰物4X处理后SKOV3和SKOV3/DDP细胞质出现明显空泡,且部分空泡累及细胞核,SKOV3和SKOV3/DDP均有明显的线粒体损伤;经蒽醌修饰物4X处理后细胞线粒体固缩,膜密度增高,嵴消失。与对照组相比,蒽醌修饰物4X组SKOV3和SKOV3/DDP细胞凋亡率升高（P...     

紫花牡荆素通过线粒体凋亡途径诱导人宫颈癌HeLa细胞凋亡

目的:研究紫花牡荆素诱导人宫颈癌HeLa细胞凋亡作用,并探讨其诱导凋亡机制.方法:体外培养人宫颈癌HeLa细胞.细胞凋亡ELISA试剂盒检测HeLa细胞组蛋白/DNA碎片;碘化丙啶染色流式细胞术定量分析Sub-G1细胞百分率;DNA琼脂糖凝胶电泳观察DNA梯形条带.caspase比色试剂盒检测caspase-3/-9活性;Rh123探针染色FCM检测线粒体膜电位;Western blot检测细胞色素c、Bax、Bcl-2、Bcl-xL和XIAP蛋白的表达.结果:不同浓度的CAS处理48h后,HeLa细胞组蛋白/DNA碎片增加、Sub-G1细胞百分率显著增高、DNA琼脂糖凝胶电泳法观察到典型的DNA梯形条带;CAS处理组caspase-3/-9活性明显升高、线粒体膜电位降低、细胞色素c、Bax显著升高,而Bcl-xL和XIAP蛋白表达水平降低.结论:CAS通过线粒体凋亡途径诱导HeLa细胞凋亡.     

漆黄素抗卵巢癌的体内外作用研究

目的 观察漆黄素对人卵巢癌细胞株SKOV3及其移植瘤的抑制作用,探索漆黄素的抗卵巢癌作用。方法 电镜直接观察漆黄素干预人卵巢癌细胞SKOV3前后的形态学变化。不同浓度梯度的漆黄素处理人卵巢癌SKOV3细胞株不同时间后,采用MTT法观察肿瘤细胞存活率,流式细胞术检测凋亡。建立人卵巢癌细胞株SKOV3的裸鼠移植瘤模型,观察漆黄素对移植瘤的生长抑制作用,通过Western blot测定Bcl-2、Bax、聚腺苷二磷酸核糖多聚酶（PARP）等蛋白的表达,探讨漆黄素抑制肿瘤生长的信号通路。结果 电镜下可见漆黄素作用人卵巢癌SKOV3细胞后,细胞染色质聚集和凋亡小体产生。MTT实验显示漆黄素对人卵巢癌SKOV3细胞增殖的抑制作用具有浓度依赖性。流式细胞术显示漆黄素可诱导人卵巢癌SKOV3细胞的凋亡。裸鼠移植瘤模型显示,漆黄素干预后移植瘤体积和质量均明显下降;Western blot结果显示漆黄素作用后,移植瘤内凋亡因子Bax的表达明显增加,抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2表达明显下降,凋亡蛋白PARP被明显剪切;上述变化尤以高浓度（400 mg/kg)漆黄素干预组明显。结论 漆黄素可通过抑制细胞增殖和诱导细胞凋亡,发挥抗卵巢癌作用,其有望成为一种预防和治疗卵巢癌的安全有效的天然药物。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.