置入心脏起搏器患者的透析治疗

[病例]男,65岁.主因多饮、多尿15年,发现尿蛋白5年,心慌、胸闷、气短4个月余,于2000年3月23日入院.患者缘于15年前无明显诱因出现多饮、多尿,查空腹血糖18.2mmol/L,诊断为糖尿病,但未行正规治疗,1995年始查体发现尿蛋白(2+～3+),1996年出现血肌酐(Cr)增高,曾服用中药治疗.     

置入心脏起搏器患者的透析治疗

[病例] 男,65岁。主因多饮、多尿15年,发现尿蛋白5年,心慌、胸闷、气短4个月余,于2000年3月23日入院。患者缘于15年前无明显诱因出现多饮、多尿,查空腹血糖18.2mmol/L,诊断为糖尿病,但未行正规治疗,1995年始查体发现尿蛋白(2+～3+),1996年出现血肌酐(Cr)增高,曾服用中药治疗。1999年2月始出现心慌、胸闷、气短,夜间不能平卧,心率     

对112名离休干部多因素疾病的调查及心理探讨

为探讨社会环境和心理因素对老年疾病与健康的影响，我们对112名离休干部的患病情况和相关因素进行了调查，现报告如下。     

服毒自杀患者心理社会因素调查分析

服毒自杀直接威胁着患者的身体健康和生命安危 ,给家庭和社会造成重大损失 ,已经成为一种严重的社会问题。笔者采用自编综合调查表以问卷形式对服毒自杀住院患者62例的心理社会因素进行调查分析 ,现将结果报道如下 :1资料和结果1 1年龄与性别 :62例患者年龄15～63岁 ,其中21～30岁组38例 (61.3 %) ;15～20岁组与31～40岁组各8例 (12.9 %)。男12例 ,女50例 ,男 :女为1 :4.2。1 .2职业构成 :工人18例 ,农民16例 ,无业13例 ,学生5例 ,教师3例 ,其他 (护士、个体、会计等 )7例。分别占29 %、25.8 %、21 %、8.1 %、4.8 %和11.3 %。1 .3文化程度 :…     

服毒患者80例的心理与社会因素分析

目的探讨服毒自杀患者产生自杀行为的不同心理与社会因素。方法对80例服毒自杀患者临床跟踪观察并对其心理特点进行分析。结果自杀者的自杀行为是在个人性格缺陷、心理应激不良的基础上,加之家庭及社会不良因素刺激造成的。结论服毒自杀患者自杀行为的发生往往是内在因素与外在因素相互作用的结果,与心理社会因素密切相关。     

精神分裂症患者亲属心理状况及相关因素调查分析

目的：对患有精神分裂症的患者家属的心理状态情况和相关因素进行调查分析。方法：抽取90例在本院就诊的患有精神分裂症的患者家属资料,采用评价表的形式对这些家属的心理状态进行调查,总结相关因素。结果：分析结果表明,人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、恐惧、精神病性以及阳性项目是对抽样中的90例患者家属的心理状态造成不良影响的主要6项因素之一,与国内常模组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：精神分裂症患者家属由于受到多种因素的影响,存在着非常严重的心理健康隐患,要对其进行有针对性的干预措施,使该类人群处于一种健康的心理状态。     

心理社会因素对骨科卧床患者压疮形成的影响

目的：探讨心理和社会因素对骨科卧床患者压疮形成的影响。方法选择2010年1月-2012年12月收治的骨科卧床患者500例,根据心理与社会因素评分分为高分组97例和低分组403例,采用自制心理与社会因素评估,并比较2组患者住院期间的压疮发生率。结果高分组和低分组患者年龄、性别、体质量指数、卧床天数比较,差异无统计学意义（P ﹥0.05）;住院期间高分组压疮发生率为3.09％（3/97）明显低于对照组的9.18％（37/403）,差异有统计学意义（P ﹤0.05）。结论负性的心理和社会因素对骨科卧床患者压疮的形成起促进作用。     

功能性消化不良44例危险因素调查分析

目的　探讨不良饮食、生活习惯及精神心理因素与功能性消化不良的关系。方法　采用功能性消化不良危险因素调查表评定病人饮食、生活习惯及心理健康状况。包括采用焦虑自评量表 (SAS)和自评抑郁量表 (SDS)评定病人情绪状况。结果　功能性消化不良病人与非功能性消化不良人群相比存在明显的焦虑、抑郁心理 ,其发生率差异有显著意义 (P <0 0 1) ,而不良的饮食、生活习惯的发生率在上述两者之间无明显差异 (P >0 0 5 )。结论　功能性消化不良病人存在较重的焦虑、抑郁心理。     

永久性心脏起搏器植入患者预防性应用抗菌药物的调查分析

目的分析起搏器植入患者预防性应用抗菌药物的情况及存在的问题。方法对某三甲医院2012年度197例永久性心脏起搏器植入患者预防性应用抗菌药物的情况进行调查分析。结果 197例患者抗菌药物使用率100%,药物共计4大类7个品种,使用频度前3名依次是头孢呋辛、头孢美唑和头孢硫脒;全部是单联用药。结论该院起搏器植入术抗菌药物的预防应用存在用药剂量过大,用药时间过长等问题,需要进一步加强管理。     

传染科护士心理健康状况调查及相关因素分析

目的：了解传染科护士心理健康状况并分析其相关因素。方法：采用SCL-90症状自评量表对5个不同传染病房167名护士进行心理健康测评,并对结果进行分析。结果：167名传染科护士躯体化、抑郁、焦虑和人际关系敏感及SCL-90阳性项目数得分明显高于国内常模（P〈0．05）;30岁以上护士偏执、躯体化、强迫、抑郁因子评分显著高于20～30岁护士（P〈0．05）;20～30岁护士焦虑因子评分显著高于30岁以上护士（P〈0．05）;聘用护士强迫、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑因子评分显著高于正式护士（P〈0．05）;不同职称、职务的传染科护士各因子在评分上,差异无统计学意义,P〉0．05。结论：传染科护士心理健康状况低于普通人群,受年龄、编制类型的影响。     

中老年人群高尿酸血症发病率及相关影响因素调查研究

目的调查中老年人群高尿酸血症的发病率及相关影响因素。方法选取2007年1月～2010年12月的241例中老年人为研究对象,对其高尿酸血症发生率进行统计,并将不同BMI、WHR、高血压、糖尿病、高胆固醇、肾功能不全、吸烟指数、饮酒指数的中年与老年人群的高尿酸血症发病率进行分析与比较。结果老年人群的高尿酸血症发病率明显高于中年人群,中年人群中不同BMI、WHR、高血压、糖尿病、高胆固醇、吸烟指数、饮酒指数者的高尿酸血症发病率差异有统计学意义,老年人群中不同高血压、糖尿病、肾功能不全情况者的高尿酸血症发病率差异有统计学意义（P均〈0．05）。结论中老年人群高尿酸血症的发病率均较高,且老年人群发病率高于中年人群,其影响因素也存在一定差异。     

产后抑郁症患者心理社会因素分析

目的探讨影响产后抑郁症的心理社会因素。方法采用艾森克个性问卷（EPQ）、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表（EPDS）和生活事件量表（LES）对研究组（n=32）和对照组（n=40）进行调查。结果研究组N分明显高于对照组（P〈0.01）,E分低于对照组（P〈0.05）,P、L分差异无统计学意义;负性生活事件紧张总值明显高于对照组（P〈0.01）,生活事件紧张总值、生活事件数目高于对照组（P〈0.05）,正性生活事件紧张总值差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,而社会支持总分明显低于对照组（P〈0.01）。结论产后抑郁症患者有个性内向、情绪不稳定、固执、社会能力不良、与人相处不融洽等个性特点.且社会支持明显不良.故廊尽早积极干预。     

高龄患者永久心脏起搏器植入术41例临床分析

目的分析高龄患者植人永久心脏起搏器的临床特点及并发症发生情况。方法对植入永久心脏起搏器的41例高龄（≥80岁）患者临床资料进行回顾性分析,观察临床症状、缓慢心律失常的类型、起搏模式、术中起搏参数、术中和术后并发症等。结果41例患者手术均成功完成。起搏模式：心室单腔起搏器VVI29例、VⅥR2例、房室双腔起搏器DDD9例,房室双腔频率适应性起搏器DDDRI例;心室电极位于右室心尖部,心房电极位于右心耳。术中无心脏穿孔、恶性心律失常等严重并发症发生;术后发生电极脱位I例、囊袋血肿1例,经治疗后治愈,无感染、起搏器综合征发生。随访中死亡6例,死于术后2月至6年。结论高龄患者植入心脏起搏器,手术风险并不增加,治疗效果较好。     

萍乡市安源区社区居民亚健康组成因子调查及对策探讨

目的：调查分析社区居民亚健康组成因子及影响因素,为制订亚健康预防和干预措施提供科学依据。方法针对调查目的设计调查问卷,通过随机抽样对社区16-60岁居民进行亚健康状况调查。结果共调查930人,亚健康发生率为74.2%,亚健康躯体症状和心理症状各组成因子中,以疲劳症状、记忆减退和健忘组成因子检出率高,且女性和年长者更易发生;自感低烧、夜有盗汗,体重减轻,自卑、自闭组成因子检出率低。结论社区居民的亚健康状态发生率高,且疲劳症状、记忆减退和健忘是居民亚健康的主要构成因子,应有针对性地采取有效措施进行预防和干预,以提高社区居民的整体健康水平。     

聊城市精神疾病患者求医方式及其影响因素的调查研究

Objective To investigate the status of treatment of patients with mental disorders in Liaocheng and the impact factors for medical intervention of mental illness. Methods From November 2004 to November 2005, 4800 ≥ 18-year-old population were enrolled from four counties (districts), eight townships (streets), 33 villages(neighborhood committees). General health questionnaire(GHQ-12), mental retardation/dementia diagnosis Scale(MMSE), clinical registration forms, such as SCID-P and the spirit of the United States Institute of DSM-IV diagnosis(DSM-IV) were used as diagnostic tools. Results Four thousand seven hundred and eighty-eight people completed the survey. Mental illness prevalence rate was 14. 20%, with a total prevalence rate of 15.31%. The first way of seeking treatment is from the internal department and neurology department of general hospital, which accounts for 62.9% ;the second is to turn to superstition and magic,which accounts for 18.2% ;the third is from private clinic of Traditional Chinese and Western medicine,which accounts for 8.8% ;the last is from special psychi-atric department,which accounts for 4.4%. The ways are mainly influenced by the level of education, distance,the forms and characters of occurring illnesses, attitude of society, knowledge about this kind of illnesses and guidance of doctors. Conclusion The important strategies to seek treatment in a right way and become healthy in time are to strengthen the cooperation of general hospital , the communtity health service institutions and psychiatric health special bodies ;to improve the diagnoising and discerning ability of non-specialista and to give guidance to psychiatric about the ways.     

聊城市精神疾病患者求医方式及其影响因素的调查研究

Objective To investigate the status of treatment of patients with mental disorders in Liaocheng and the impact factors for medical intervention of mental illness. Methods From November 2004 to November 2005, 4800 ≥ 18-year-old population were enrolled from four counties (districts), eight townships (streets), 33 villages(neighborhood committees). General health questionnaire(GHQ-12), mental retardation/dementia diagnosis Scale(MMSE), clinical registration forms, such as SCID-P and the spirit of the United States Institute of DSM-IV diagnosis(DSM-IV) were used as diagnostic tools. Results Four thousand seven hundred and eighty-eight people completed the survey. Mental illness prevalence rate was 14. 20%, with a total prevalence rate of 15.31%. The first way of seeking treatment is from the internal department and neurology department of general hospital, which accounts for 62.9% ;the second is to turn to superstition and magic,which accounts for 18.2% ;the third is from private clinic of Traditional Chinese and Western medicine,which accounts for 8.8% ;the last is from special psychi-atric department,which accounts for 4.4%. The ways are mainly influenced by the level of education, distance,the forms and characters of occurring illnesses, attitude of society, knowledge about this kind of illnesses and guidance of doctors. Conclusion The important strategies to seek treatment in a right way and become healthy in time are to strengthen the cooperation of general hospital , the communtity health service institutions and psychiatric health special bodies ;to improve the diagnoising and discerning ability of non-specialista and to give guidance to psychiatric about the ways.     

聊城市精神疾病患者求医方式及其影响因素的调查研究

Objective To investigate the status of treatment of patients with mental disorders in Liaocheng and the impact factors for medical intervention of mental illness. Methods From November 2004 to November 2005, 4800 ≥ 18-year-old population were enrolled from four counties (districts), eight townships (streets), 33 villages(neighborhood committees). General health questionnaire(GHQ-12), mental retardation/dementia diagnosis Scale(MMSE), clinical registration forms, such as SCID-P and the spirit of the United States Institute of DSM-IV diagnosis(DSM-IV) were used as diagnostic tools. Results Four thousand seven hundred and eighty-eight people completed the survey. Mental illness prevalence rate was 14. 20%, with a total prevalence rate of 15.31%. The first way of seeking treatment is from the internal department and neurology department of general hospital, which accounts for 62.9% ;the second is to turn to superstition and magic,which accounts for 18.2% ;the third is from private clinic of Traditional Chinese and Western medicine,which accounts for 8.8% ;the last is from special psychi-atric department,which accounts for 4.4%. The ways are mainly influenced by the level of education, distance,the forms and characters of occurring illnesses, attitude of society, knowledge about this kind of illnesses and guidance of doctors. Conclusion The important strategies to seek treatment in a right way and become healthy in time are to strengthen the cooperation of general hospital , the communtity health service institutions and psychiatric health special bodies ;to improve the diagnoising and discerning ability of non-specialista and to give guidance to psychiatric about the ways.     

聊城市精神疾病患者求医方式及其影响因素的调查研究

Objective To investigate the status of treatment of patients with mental disorders in Liaocheng and the impact factors for medical intervention of mental illness. Methods From November 2004 to November 2005, 4800 ≥ 18-year-old population were enrolled from four counties (districts), eight townships (streets), 33 villages(neighborhood committees). General health questionnaire(GHQ-12), mental retardation/dementia diagnosis Scale(MMSE), clinical registration forms, such as SCID-P and the spirit of the United States Institute of DSM-IV diagnosis(DSM-IV) were used as diagnostic tools. Results Four thousand seven hundred and eighty-eight people completed the survey. Mental illness prevalence rate was 14. 20%, with a total prevalence rate of 15.31%. The first way of seeking treatment is from the internal department and neurology department of general hospital, which accounts for 62.9% ;the second is to turn to superstition and magic,which accounts for 18.2% ;the third is from private clinic of Traditional Chinese and Western medicine,which accounts for 8.8% ;the last is from special psychi-atric department,which accounts for 4.4%. The ways are mainly influenced by the level of education, distance,the forms and characters of occurring illnesses, attitude of society, knowledge about this kind of illnesses and guidance of doctors. Conclusion The important strategies to seek treatment in a right way and become healthy in time are to strengthen the cooperation of general hospital , the communtity health service institutions and psychiatric health special bodies ;to improve the diagnoising and discerning ability of non-specialista and to give guidance to psychiatric about the ways.     

64例永久性心脏起搏器植入术的护理体会

目的探讨永久性心脏起搏器植入术的护理。方法通过对64例患者做好手术配合及术前、术后护理,并加强对患者的出院健康指导等护理措施,增强患者的自我保健意识,提高起搏器植入术的成功率。结果64例患者术后恢复良好,没有出现严重的并发症,均熟悉起搏器的有关注意事项,如期出院。结论护理人员的精心护理对提高起搏器植入术的成功率至关重要,护士应不断更新护理观念,探索新的护理及健康指导方法,提高患者的生存质量。